Measuring the Experience, Expression, and Control of Anger
Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric NursingPublished 1 January 1995
Charles D. Spielberger, Eric C. Reheiser, Sumner J. Sydeman
Citations382
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
A psychometric scale to assess the experience, expression and control of anger in Latin American countries was developed and items were adapted from the xpression Inventory (STAXI).
Abstract
(1995). Measuring the Experience, Expression, and Control of Anger. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing: Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 207-232.
Keywords
Psychology
Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
25,350 Citations1970Charles D. Spielberger, Richard L. Gorsuch +1 more
The Journal of Higher EducationWomen, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal about the Mind
7,437 Citations1988Terence Odlin, George Lakoff
Journal of Personality and Social PsychologyThe Aggression Questionnaire.
4,697 Citations1992Arnold H. Buss, Mark Perry
Yale University Press eBooksFrustration and aggression.
3,675 Citations1939John Dollard, Neal E. Miller +3 more
Psychological BulletinFrustration-aggression hypothesis: Examination and reformulation.
2,109 Citations1989Leonard Berkowitz
A proposed revision of the Dollard et al. (1939) frustration-aggression hypothesis holds that frustrations generate aggressive inclinations to the degree that they arouse negative affect.
Cambridge University Press eBooksThe Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
1,353 Citations2013Charles Darwin
Contemporary Sociology A Journal of ReviewsAnger and Aggression: An Essay on Emotion.
1,207 Citations1984Peter Lyman, James R. Averill
Anger and Aggression
1,193 Citations1982James R. Averill
American Journal of EpidemiologyTHE RELATIONSHIP OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS TO CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY
806 Citations1978Suzanne Haynes, Sol Levine +3 more
The Framingham Type A behavior pattern and other psychosocial measures were not related to the level of CHD risk, as determined by the Framingham logistic equations.
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchAggression: A social psychological analysis
622 Citations1963Pam Scott
The Journal of Nervous and Mental DiseaseBehavior Patterns, Stress, and Coronary Disease
543 Citations1978James J. Lynch
Psychological ReviewThe function of aggression and the regulation of aggressive drive.
483 Citations1964Seymour Feshbach
The function of diverse measures responsive to changes in expressive aggression, aggressive drive, and aggressive response strength, particularly when evaluating the consequences of an aggressive act, are analyzed.
Psychosomatic MedicineComponents of Type A, Hostility, and Anger-In: Relationship to Angiographic Findings
438 Citations1985Théodore M. Dembroski, James M. MacDougall +3 more
Findings support previous research in suggesting that anger and hostility may be the critical aspects of the Type A pattern in predisposing individuals to risk of CAD.
Psychosomatic MedicineSocio-Ecological Stress, Suppressed Hostility, Skin Color, and Black-White Male Blood Pressure: Detroit
383 Citations1973Ernest Harburg, John C. Erfurt +4 more
Black High Stress men with dark skin color and suppressed hostility had the highest average blood pressure of all four race‐area groups and showed no difference among Black Low Stress and White areas.
Contributions to psychology and medicineThe Experience, Expression, and Control of Anger
344 Citations1988Charles D. Spielberger, Susan S. Krasner +1 more
Psychosomatic MedicineEmotional Factors in Essential Hypertension
308 Citations1939Franz Alexander
Emotional Factors in Essential Hypertension: Presentation of a Tentative Hypothesis FRANZ ALEXANDER; Psychosomatic Medicine.
Psychosomatic MedicineThe Direction of Anger During a Laboratory Stress-Inducing Situation
203 Citations1954Daniel H. Funkenstein, Stanley H. King +1 more
Wolff and his co-workers observed that in patients different physiological reaction patterns occurred in various organs with differences in emotional reactions, at variance with Cannon's theory that the anger and fear of the "fight-flight" reaction were inseparable.
The Psychoanalytic Study of the ChildNotes on the Theory of Aggression
201 Citations1947Heinz Hartmann, Ernst Kris +1 more
Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric NursingAnger Disorders: Basic Science and Practice Issues
183 Citations1995Howard Kassinove, Denis G. Sukhodolsky
His reference list spans 75 years, suggesting stability of the anger experience as well as the everyday frequency of anger, it is no surprise that anger is a common reason that leads people to seek professional help.
Psychosomatic MedicineResentful and Reflective Coping with Arbitrary Authority and Blood Pressure: Detroit
179 Citations1979Ernest Harburg, Edwin H. Blakelock +1 more
Two hypotheses about coping with an arbitrary authority, an angry boss, were tested: (1) styles of handling anger vary with social status, and (2) these styles are in turn related to blood pressure levels.
Psychosomatic MedicineHabitual Anger-Coping Styles: I. Effect on Mean Blood Pressure and Risk for Essential Hypertension
163 Citations1982Doyle W. Gentry, Alan P. Chesney +3 more
The findings extended the understanding of both the important role played by sociodemographic factors and socioecological niche in predisposing humans to vascular disease and the magnitude of difference in mean blood pressure and risk for hypertension attributable to chronic suppressed anger.
Journal of Personality AssessmentReliability and Validity of Four Anger Scales
131 Citations1981Mary Kay Biaggio, Katherine Supplee +1 more
The RI and BDHI possessed some ability to predict the experience of anger, but most of the BDHI subscales did not seem to be measuring specific states or behavior, and the NI did not correlate with any of the criterion measures.
Psychosomatic MedicineAnger and anxiety in borderline hypertension.
129 Citations1986Robert H. Schneider, Brent M. Egan +3 more
It is suggested that the psychologic differences found in the group of higher‐risk borderline hypertensives may, through autonomic arousal, contribute to the later development of established hypertension.
Psychological ReviewAggressive cues in aggressive behavior and hostility catharsis.
125 Citations1964Leonard Berkowitz
The present paper will investigate the manner in which environmental stimuli and internal states interact to determine the direction and intensity of the person's strivings in cases of hostility displacement.
Journal of Personality AssessmentAssessment of Anger Arousal
113 Citations1980Mary Kay Biaggio
Reasons for the paucity of research on anger are discussed and four measures of anger arousal are reviewed: Buss Durkee Hostility Inventory, Reaction Inventory, Anger Self-report, and Anger Inventory.
Psychology of Women QuarterlyWomen and Anger: Sex and Sex-Role Comparisons in the Expression of Anger
94 Citations1991Beverly A. Kopper, Douglas L. Epperson
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchEmotional and familial determinants of elevated blood pressure in black and white adolescent males
91 Citations1987Ernest H. Johnson, Charles D. Spielberger +2 more
Findings indicate that adolescent males who are at increased risk for elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure can be identified by how often angry feelings are held-in and suppressed.
Research in Nursing & HealthGender differences in anger expression: Health implications
78 Citations1989Sandra P. Thomas
The only mode of anger expression related to poorer health status was expression of anger via physical symptoms; anger-in, anger-out, and anger-discuss modes were unrelated.
Journal of Clinical PsychologyAggressive behavior and the Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) study
70 Citations1976Saül Rosenzweig
The current status of the Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study, a measure of aggressive verbal behavior in response to frustration at the developmental levels of the child, the adolescent and the adult, is described.
Journal of Chronic DiseasesA family set method for estimating heredity and stress—I
64 Citations1970Ernest Harburg, William J. Schull +2 more
A pilot survey designed to test the feasibility of measuring genetic and stress variables as they relate to blood pressure levels was carried out among Negroes residing in high and low stress census tracts in Detroit, 1966–1967 and it was found that proportions of persons with hypertensive levels were significantly greater in the high stress tract.
British Journal of Clinical PsychologyThe Spielberger Anger Expression Scale: Some psychometric data
63 Citations1988Robert G. Knight, Barbara J. Chisholm +2 more
Some general population norms for the Spielberger, Johnson et al. (1984) Anger Expression Scale (AX) are reported for a sample of over 1000 adults tested in a general health survey of a New Zealand community.
Psychological ReportsDevelopment of the Reaction Inventory to Measure Anger
62 Citations1971David R. Evans, Mel Stangeland
Journal of Behavioral MedicineThe relationship of anger expression to health problems among black americans in a national survey
49 Citations1987Ernest H. Johnson, Clifford L. Broman
American Journal of EpidemiologyPARITY AND BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG FOUR RACE-STRESS GROUPS OF FEMALES IN DETROIT
34 Citations1980Anna Lee‐Feldstein, Ernest Harburg +1 more
Neither the consideration of race and stress nor adjustments for age and body size appear to add new information to the complex subject of BP as it relates to childbearing.
Journal of Personality AssessmentAnxiety and Anger as Predictors of MMPI Elevations in Chronic Pain Patients
29 Citations1986Bill N. Kinder, Glenn Curtiss +1 more
The present data reveal that Trait Anxiety was a significant predictor of elevations on all three of these scales for both males and females and Trait Anger emerged as a classical suppressor variable for males only.
The Journal of Social PsychologyBiracial Aggression: I. Effect of Verbal Attack and Sex of Victim
28 Citations1972W. Doyle Gentry
The effect of verbal attack and sex of victim in Biracial Aggression and the effect of Verbal Attack and Sex of Victim is investigated.
Journal of Drug EducationPersonality Variables in Alcohol Abuse in College Students
27 Citations1981Mark L. Brooks, Steven Walfish +2 more
Journal of Personality AssessmentValidation Studies of a Multifactor Cognitive-Behavioral Anger Control Inventory
26 Citations1987Lisa Tsoi Hoshmand, Gary W. Austin
The construct validity and clinical utility of the Anger Control Inventory are discussed and significant differences between the pretreatment and posttreatment scores of 65 batterers given treatment in anger control were obtained on the inventory scales.
Psychotherapy and PsychosomaticsThe Role of Anger in Hypertension
24 Citations2010Henk M. van der Ploeg, E.T. van Buuren +1 more
Assessment of the administration of two Dutch questionnaires demonstrated that some significant differences could be observed in the levels of anxiety and anger in patients with essential hypertension.
Personality and Social Psychology BulletinControl and the Coronary-Prone Behavior Pattern
20 Citations1981Russell H. Fázio, Mary D. Cooper +2 more
Anxiety ResearchAffective differences among subgroups of chronic pain patients
19 Citations1988Glenn Curtiss, Bill N. Kinder +2 more
The results of these analyses were very consistent with previous research, suggesting that the existence of homogeneous subgroups among pain patients is a reliable finding, and significant differences were found between the subgroups on anxiety, anger, and anger expression.
Motivation and EmotionType A behavior, anger expression, and reactions to anger imagery
18 Citations1986Michel Pierre Janisse, Nükte Edgüer +1 more
Psychological ReportsInterpersonal Behavior and Coping Styles of Type a Individuals
14 Citations1982Ronald J. Burke
Type A behavior was consistently related to needs to control, to not be controlled, to express affection, and to want affection but not to coping styles, and separate analyses for males and females showed these findings hold for females but not males.
Journal of Research in PersonalityCriteria in lay self-judgment of anger control
6 Citations1985Lisa Tsoi Hoshmand, Gary W. Austin
PubMedMenstrual irregularities in athletic women may be predictable based on pre-training menses.
4 Citations1989Cavanaugh Dj, Kanonchoff Ad +1 more
Trait personality characteristics based on the Spielberger State-Trait Personality Inventory (STPI), showed no significance among the various athletes, or athletes compared to non-athletes, however, athletes having the highest mean anxiety scores and lowest mean anger scores had irregular menses.
Psychological ReportsRelations among Four Individual Difference Measures Associated with Cardiovascular Dysfunction and Anger Coping Style
3 Citations1988Robert T. Croyle, John B. Jemmott +1 more
Neither power motivation nor inhibited power motivation was significantly associated with Type A behavior pattern, and students scoring higher on anger-out coping style had higher scores on power motivation, global Type A, and the Speed and Impatience subscale of the Jenkins Activity Survey.
