African Origin of Modern Humans in East Asia: A Tale of 12,000 Y Chromosomes
SciencePublished 11 May 2001
Yuehai Ke, Bing Su, Xiufeng Song, Daru Lu, Lifeng Chen, Hongyu Li
Citations277
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score10.42
SNIP6.62
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The data do not support even a minimal in situ hominid contribution in the origin of anatomically modern humans in East Asia and coalesce to another mutation which originated in Africa about 35,000 to 89,000 years ago.
Abstract
To test the hypotheses of modern human origin in East Asia, we sampled 12,127 male individuals from 163 populations and typed for three Y chromosome biallelic markers (YAP, M89, and M130). All the individuals carried a mutation at one of the three sites. These three mutations (YAP+, M89T, and M130T) coalesce to another mutation (M168T), which originated in Africa about 35,000 to 89,000 years ago. Therefore, the data do not support even a minimal in situ hominid contribution in the origin of anatomically modern humans in East Asia.
Keywords
Arts and HumanitiesBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
NatureMitochondrial DNA and human evolution
3,067 Citations1987Rebecca L. Cann, Mark Stoneking +1 more
All these mitochondrial DMAs stem from one woman who is postulated to have lived about 200,000 years ago, probably in Africa, implying that each area was colonised repeatedly.
NatureHigh resolution of human evolutionary trees with polymorphic microsatellites
1,877 Citations1994A. Bowcock, Andrés Ruiz‐Linares +4 more
It is shown that polymorphic microsatellites (primarily CA repeats) allow trees of human individuals to be constructed that reflect their geographic origin with remarkable accuracy by the analysis of a large number of loci for each individual, in spite of the small variations in allele frequencies existing between populations.
ScienceAfrican Populations and the Evolution of Human Mitochondrial DNA
1,351 Citations1991Linda Vigilant, Mark Stoneking +3 more
The African origin hypothesis of human mtDNA evolution is supported by two statistical tests and two hypervariable segments of mtDNA were sequenced from 189 people of diverse geographic origin, including 121 native Africans.
CellNeandertal DNA Sequences and the Origin of Modern Humans
1,326 Citations1997Matthias Krings, Anne C. Stone +4 more
Neandertals went extinct without contributing mtDNA to modern humans, according to sequence comparisons with human mtDNA sequences, as well as phylogenetic analyses, which show that the Neandertal sequence falls outside the variation of modern humans.
Nature GeneticsY chromosome sequence variation and the history of human populations
994 Citations2000Peter A. Underhill, Peidong Shen +19 more
Binary polymorphisms associated with the non-recombining region of the human Y chromosome (NRY) preserve the paternal genetic legacy of the authors' species that has persisted to the present, permitting inference of human evolution, population affinity and demographic history.
ScienceGenetic and Fossil Evidence for the Origin of Modern Humans
971 Citations1988C. B. Stringer, Peter Andrews
Annals of Human GeneticsThe phylogeography of Y chromosome binary haplotypes and the origins of modern human populations
801 Citations2001P. A. Underhill, Giuseppe Passarino +6 more
A set of unique event polymorphisms associated with the non‐recombining portion of the Y‐chromosome (NRY) addresses this issue by providing evidence concerning successful migrations originating from Africa, which can be interpreted as subsequent colonizations, differentiations and migrations overlaid upon previous population ranges.
ScienceGlobal Patterns of Linkage Disequilibrium at the CD4 Locus and Modern Human Origins
593 Citations1996Sarah A. Tishkoff, E. Dietzsch +13 more
A global pattern of haplotype variation and linkage disequilibrium suggests a common and recent African origin for all non-African human populations.
NatureMolecular analysis of Neanderthal DNA from the northern Caucasus
547 Citations2000Igor V. Ovchinnikov, Anders Götherström +4 more
Phylogenetic analysis places the two Neanderthals from the Caucasus and western Germany together in a clade that is distinct from modern humans, suggesting that their mtDNA types have not contributed to the modern human mtDNA pool.
Nature GeneticsGenetic evidence of an early exit of Homo sapiens sapiens from Africa through eastern Africa
501 Citations1999Lluís Quintana‐Murci, Ornella Semino +4 more
M is rendered the first genetic indicator for the hypothesized exit route from Africa through eastern Africa/western India, possibly the only successful early dispersal event of modern humans out of Africa.
The American Journal of Human GeneticsY-Chromosome Evidence for a Northward Migration of Modern Humans into Eastern Asia during the Last Ice Age
474 Citations1999Bing Su, Junhua Xiao +19 more
This pattern indicates that the first settlement of modern humans in eastern Asia occurred in mainland Southeast Asia during the last Ice Age, coinciding with the absence of human fossils in easternAsia, 50,000-100,000 years ago.
PubMedArchaic African and Asian lineages in the genetic ancestry of modern humans.
414 Citations1997Rosalind M. Harding, Stephanie M. Fullerton +6 more
Patterns of beta-globin diversity suggest extensive worldwide late Pleistocene gene flow and are not easily reconciled with a unidirectional migration out of Africa 100,000 years ago and total replacement of archaic populations in Asia.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesGenetic relationship of populations in China
396 Citations1998Jiayou Chu, Wei Huang +12 more
Genetic evidence does not support an independent origin of Homo sapiens in China, and it is more likely that ancestors of the populations currently residing in East Asia entered from Southeast Asia.
NatureA recent common ancestry for human Y chromosomes
371 Citations1995Michael F. Hammer
Inferences contradict predictions of the multiregional hypothesis positing a widespread transformation of Homo erectus populations into Homo sapiens and are consistent with auto-somal and mitochondrial DNA studies that suggest a long-term human effective population size of 10,000 and a sex ratio of 1.
Trends in GeneticsFathers and sons: the Y chromosome and human evolution
361 Citations1995Mark A. Jobling, Chris Tyler‐Smith
It is now possible to use selected, slowly evolve polymorphisms to draw a rudimentary Y chromosome tree, while more rapidly evolving polymorphisms allow most independent Y chromosomes to be distinguished.
ScienceLatest <i>Homo erectus</i> of Java: Potential Contemporaneity with <i>Homo sapiens</i> in Southeast Asia
321 Citations1996Carl C. Swisher, W.J. Rink +5 more
Electron spin resonance (ESR) and mass spectrometric U-series dating of fossil bovid teeth collected from the hominid-bearing levels at these sites gave mean ages of 27 ± 2 to 53.3 ± 4 thousand years ago; the range in ages reflects uncertainties in uranium migration histories.
Nature Reviews GeneticsNatives or immigrants: modern human origin in east asia
283 Citations2000Jin Li, Bing Su
Genetic studies using autosomal, mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome markers all point to an African ancestor of East Asians, and a survey of more than 1,000 East Asian Y chromosomes shows no local contribution, making the multiregional hypothesis very unlikely.
Nature GeneticsDNA sequence variation in a non-coding region of low recombination on the human X chromosome
245 Citations1999Henrik Kaessmann, Florian Heißig +2 more
10 kb of non-coding DNA is sequenced in a region of low recombination at Xq13.3 to provide more answers about the genetic origin and history of humans.
Molecular Biology and EvolutionA human population bottleneck can account for the discordance between patterns of mitochondrial versus nuclear DNA variation
232 Citations1999Justin C. Fay, Chengqing Wu
In humans, mitochondrial variation is characterized by an excess of rare frequency mutations and a negative D value, which has been interpreted as the result of a recent expansion in population size, and most nuclear loci are characterized by the opposite pattern.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesX chromosome evidence for ancient human histories
231 Citations1999Eugene E. Harris, Jody Hey
Diverse African and non-African samples of the X-linked PDHA1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 alpha subunit) locus revealed a fixed DNA sequence difference between the two sample groups, suggesting the transformation to modern humans occurred in a subdivided population.
American Journal of Physical AnthropologyMultiregional, not multiple origins
209 Citations2000Milford H. Wolpoff, John Hawks +1 more
A valid understanding of multiregional evolution would go a long way toward reducing the modern human origins controversy.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesWorldwide DNA sequence variation in a 10-kilobase noncoding region on human chromosome 22
180 Citations2000Zhongming Zhao, Jin Li +11 more
The present and two previous large data sets all show a strong excess of low frequency variants in comparison to that expected from an equilibrium population, indicating a relatively recent population expansion.
NatureNew Middle Pleistocene hominid crania from Yunxian in China
116 Citations1992LI Tian-yuan, Dennis A. Etler
The Yunxian crania, although crushed and distorted to varying degrees, are unusual in having major elements of the basicranium, palate, face and cranial vault preserved together and throw new light on Middle Pleistocene hominid diversity and the relationships among regionally disparate Middle Pleistsian hominids.
Annual Review of AnthropologyTHE FOSSIL EVIDENCE FOR HUMAN EVOLUTION IN ASIA
105 Citations1996Dennis A. Etler
Annals of Human GeneticsAn Asian–Native American paternal lineage identified by <i>RPS4Y</i> resequencing and by microsatellite haplotyping
86 Citations1999Andrew W. Bergen, Chang‐Yu Wang +7 more
Three unambiguous lineages were defined in Asian, Native American and Jamaican populations using sequence variants at RPS4Y and DYS287, demonstrating the haplotypes constructed from YSTRs can evaluate population diversity, admixture and phylogeny.
Current Opinion in Genetics & DevelopmentHuman evolution and the mitochondrial genome
84 Citations1996Mark Stoneking, Himla Soodyall
This work has re-affirmed the strict maternal inheritance of mt DNA, yielded new insights into the extent and nature of intra-individual variation, supported a recent African origin of human mtDNA, and amply demonstrated the utility of mtDNA in tracing population history and in analyses of ancient remains.