Psychiatric Disorders and Drug Use Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Adults in the United States
Archives of General PsychiatryPublished 1 August 2001Open access
Eric G. Bing, M. Audrey Burnam, Douglas Longshore, John A. Fleishman, Cathy D. Sherbourne, Andrew S. London
Citations1,257
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Clinicians may need to actively identify those at risk of psychiatric and/or drug dependence disorders and work with policymakers to ensure the availability of appropriate care for these treatable disorders.
Abstract
Many people infected with HIV may also have psychiatric and/or drug dependence disorders. Clinicians may need to actively identify those at risk and work with policymakers to ensure the availability of appropriate care for these treatable disorders.
Keywords
Medicine
Archives of General PsychiatryLifetime and 12-Month Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders in the United States
12,491 Citations1994Ronald C. Kessler
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders is greater than previously thought to be the case, and morbidity is more highly concentrated than previously recognized in roughly one sixth of the population who have a history of three or more comorbid disorders.
International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric ResearchThe World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview short‐form (CIDI‐SF)
2,261 Citations1998Ronald C. Kessler, Gavin Andrews +3 more
Results are quite encouraging in suggesting that diagnostic classifications made in the full CIDI can be reproduced with excellent accuracy with the C IDI‐SF scales, however, independent verification of this reproduction accuracy is needed in a data set other than the one in which the CIDi‐SF was developed.
American Journal of PsychiatryThe prevalence and distribution of major depression in a national community sample: the National Comorbidity Survey
1,480 Citations1994Dan G. Blazer, Ronald C. Kessler +2 more
A greater burden of major depression in community-dwelling persons than has been estimated from previous community samples is suggested and the risk factor profile showed significant differences between persons with pure and combined major depression.
New England Journal of MedicineThe Care of HIV-Infected Adults in the United States
525 Citations1998Samuel A. Bozzette, Sandra H. Berry +29 more
It is found that most HIV-infected adults who were receiving medical care had advanced disease, and the patient population was disproportionately male, black, and poor.
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Methodological)Inference from Complex Samples
524 Citations1974Leslie Kish, Martin R. Frankel
Archives of General PsychiatrySame-Sex Sexual Behavior and Psychiatric Disorders
458 Citations2001Theo Sandfort, Ron de Graaf +2 more
The findings support the assumption that people with same-sex sexual behavior are at greater risk for psychiatric disorders.
Archives of General PsychiatryPrevalence of Psychiatric Disorders Among Men Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
400 Citations1988J. Hampton Atkinson
The data suggest that there may be a higher prevalence of anxiety disorder and major depressive illness in homosexual men when compared with sociodemographically matched heterosexual men and that the psychiatric morbidity may have preceded the onset of the AIDS epidemic.
Archives of General PsychiatryMultidisciplinary Baseline Assessment of Homosexual Men With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
321 Citations1991Janet B. W. Williams
Assessment of standardized clinical assessments of current and lifetime psychopathology in a large group of homosexual men whose serologic status was known indicated low rates of current mental disorders but very high rates of lifetime major depression and alcohol and other psychoactive substance abuse and dependence disorders.
American Journal of PsychiatryImpact of Psychiatric Conditions on Health-Related Quality of Life in Persons With HIV Infection
269 Citations2000Cathy D. Sherbourne, Ron D. Hays +10 more
Optimization of health-related quality of life is particularly important now that HIV is a chronic disease with the prospect of long-term survival, and inclusion of sufficient numbers of appropriately trained mental health professionals to identify and treat such conditions may reduce unnecessary utilization of other health services and improve health- relatedquality of life in persons with HIV.
American Journal of PsychiatryMood disorders in HIV infection: prevalence and risk factors in a nonepicenter of the AIDS epidemic
244 Citations1994Diana O. Perkins, Robert A. Stern +4 more
In the asymptomatic stage of HIV infection, major depression does not appear to be secondary to HIV central nervous system effects or low vitamin B12 levels and is in agreement with previous studies of areas with a high prevalence of HIV.
Psychiatric ServicesHomelessness, severe mental illness, and the institutional circuit
235 Citations1997Kim Hopper, John T. Jost +3 more
Shelters and other custodial institutions have acquired hybrid functions that effectively substitute for more stable and appropriate housing for some persons with severe mental illness.
American Journal of Public HealthHistories of substance use and risk behavior: precursors to HIV seroconversion in homosexual men.
192 Citations1998Margaret A. Chesney, Donald C. Barrett +1 more
Seroconverters were consistently more likely to report use of marijuana, nitrite inhalants, amphetamines, and cocaine than nonconverters, and there are three potential mechanisms for an increased risk of conversion due to consistent substance use.
Archives of General PsychiatryWHO Neuropsychiatric AIDS Study, Cross-sectional Phase I
192 Citations1994Mario Maj
Psychiatric assessment revealed a significantly higher prevalence of current mental disorders in symptomatic seropositive persons compared with seronegative controls among intravenous drug users in Bangkok and homosexuals/bisexuals in São Paulo, suggesting the significance of the psychopathological complications of symptomatic HIV-1 infection may have been underestimated.
Psychosomatic MedicinePrevalence of psychiatric disorders in early stages of HIV infection.
176 Citations1992George R. Brown, James R. Rundell +4 more
It is concluded that men who become HIV seropositive have high rates of mood and substance use disorders prior to knowledge of seroconversion, and that early in the course of HIV infection men are at risk for developing major depression, anxiety disorders, and disorders of sexual desire.
Comprehensive PsychiatryPsychopathology in human immunodeficiency virus infection: Lifetime and current assessment
169 Citations1993Patricia H. Rosenberger, Robert A. Bornstein +5 more
It is concluded that the lifetime prevalence of certain categories of psychiatric disorder is high in both HIV+ and HIV- homosexual samples, and increased rates of psychiatric disorders do not appear to be a consequence of HIV infection.
American Journal of PsychiatryPsychopathology in male and female intravenous drug users with and without HIV infection
169 Citations1994Joshua D. Lipsitz, J B Williams +7 more
High rates of depression across HIV status in this cohort suggest that intravenous drug use and associated factors are more salient than HIV illness factors in understanding psychopathology in this population.
Quality of Life ResearchHealth-related quality of life among people with HIV disease: Results from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
167 Citations2000Eric G. Bing, Ron D. Hays +6 more
HIV-positive men who are asymptomatic or have CD4+ lymphocytes above 500/mm3 have similar perceived mental health but worse perceived physical health than seronegative men.
Community Mental Health JournalAre jails replacing the mental health system for the homeless mentally ill?
161 Citations1988John R. Belcher
A combination of severe mental illness, a tendency to decompensate in a nonstructured environment, and an inability or unwillingness to follow through with aftercare contributed to involvement with the criminal justice system.
PubMedNational probability samples in studies of low-prevalence diseases. Part II: Designing and implementing the HIV cost and services utilization study sample.
160 Citations1999Martin R. Frankel, Martin F. Shapiro +12 more
It is possible to design and implement a national probability sample of persons with a low-prevalence disease, even if it is stigmatized, according to the HCSUS consortium.
Journal of General Internal MedicineAntidepressant treatment and health services utilization among HIV-infected medicaid patients diagnosed with depression
143 Citations2000Usha Sambamoorthi, James Walkup +2 more
Depressed HIV-infected patients treated with antidepressants were more likely than untreated subjects to receive appropriate care for their HIV disease and antidepressant therapy for treatment of depression is associated with a significantly lower monthly cost of medical care services.
Journal of HomosexualityWhen Lesbians Aren't Gay
115 Citations2000Helen Oetjen, Esther D. Rothblum
Examination of four of the risk factors consistently cited in the women and depression literature, and two unique factors, to determine their ability to predict depression among lesbians, found perceived social support from friends, relationship status satisfaction, and socialSupport from family to be significant predictors.
Psychiatric ServicesThe Economic Burden of Mental Illness
108 Citations1992Dorothy P. Rice, S Kelman +1 more
The authors estimate that in 1985 the total economic costs of mental illness were $103.7 billion, and direct treatment and support costs were $42.5 billion, or 11.5 percent of total personal health care spending for all illnesses.
Journal of Urban HealthThe social determinants of emergency department and hospital use by injection drug users in Canada
101 Citations1999Anita Palepu, Steffanie A. Strathdee +7 more
IDUs with unstable housing were more likely to report emergency department and hospital use, which may be a reflection of their disorganized lifestyle or poorer health status.
American Journal of PsychiatryStability of mood despite HIV illness progression in a group of homosexual men
94 Citations1997Judith G. Rabkin, Ray Goetz +4 more
No significant increase in syndromal or symptomatic depression or anxiety over nine semiannual assessments was found, despite substantial HIV illness progression and some deaths, and psychopathology did not predict dropout or death.
Psychosomatic MedicineFatigue in HIV Illness
92 Citations1998Stephen J. Ferrando, Susan Evans +4 more
Fatigue is a chronic symptom that is more prevalent in advanced HIV illness, and which, although associated with depression, does not seem to be merely a symptom of depression.
Medical CareEstimating the Dollar Value of Health Outcomes from Drug-Abuse Interventions
85 Citations1996Michael T. French, Josephine Mauskopf +2 more
American Journal of PsychiatrySeverity of psychiatric symptoms after HIV testing
78 Citations1993Samuel W. Perry, Lawrence Jacobsberg +4 more
Before the development of more severe physical symptoms, on average, knowledge of HIV infection does not increase psychiatric morbidity; however, regardless of serostatus, a notable percentage of at-risk adults have sustained high levels of psychiatric symptoms.
Journal of Community HealthPerceived needs and unmet needs for formal services among people with HIV disease
59 Citations1993John D. Piette, John A. Fleishman +3 more
Estimates of the prevalence of perceived needs and unmet needs among people with HIV disease in the United States for six areas of community services: mental health, drug treatment, home care, housing, transportation, and entitlements are presented.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholAn outcome evaluation to measure changes in sexual risk-taking among gay men undergoing substance use disorder treatment.
59 Citations1999Ron Stall, Jay P. Paul +3 more
It is concluded that substantial HIV risk reductions can occur after initiation of treatment for substance use disorder among gay men and AIDS prevention activities conducted at treatment agencies cannot reach all high-risk substance-using gay men.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes & Human RetrovirologyProtease Inhibitor Use Among a Community Sample of People With HIV Disease
46 Citations1999Eric G. Bing, Amy M. Kilbourne +3 more
Protease inhibitor use was independently associated with perceived improved overall health and having been college educated, and further efforts should be directed toward increasing use and knowledge of protease inhibitors among disadvantaged populations.
PsychosomaticsPain and Depression in HIV Illness
46 Citations1998Sue Evans, Stephen J. Ferrando +4 more
While pain is associated with greater physical distress in this cohort of HIV-seropositive gay men, it does not appear to be independently associated with cognitive symptoms of depression and the challenge that clinicians face in assessing patients suffering from pain.
JAMAAIDS Associated With Injecting-Drug Use— United States, 1995
34 Citations1996
This report characterizes persons with and trends in IDU-associated AIDS reported to CDC through 1995 from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. territories.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholRemission of substance use disorders: gay men in the first decade of AIDS.
25 Citations1995Robert H. Remien, Ray Goetz +5 more
Having a concern about "self-image," avoiding situations associated with drug use and not using "drug substitution" as a method of quitting were important factors for maintaining successful change in substance abuse/dependence.
International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric ResearchBrief screening of psychiatric disorders among a national sample of HIV‐positive adults: concordance between the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and the CIDI Short Form (CIDI‐SF)
23 Citations2001Maria Orlando, M. Audrey Burnam +5 more
To evaluate the validity of the short form of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI‐SF) in a nationally representative sample of persons in care for HIV disease in the US.
Ethnicity and HealthThe African‐American Health Project (AAHP): Study overview and select findings on high risk behaviors and psychiatric disorders in African American men
22 Citations1997Héctor F. Myers, Paul Satz +10 more
More research is needed to further explore the apparent greater risk for psychiatric disorders among gay and bisexual men, and to determine whether being African American and lower social class exacerbate this risk.
Journal of General Internal MedicineManaging patients with depression: Is primary care up to the challenge?
18 Citations2000Daniel E. Ford
There has been little change in the patterns of care for depression since the Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey in the 1980s and the National Comorbidity Survey in the 1990s, and only one-third of those with depression seeing a general medical provider reported being on an antidepressant and having 4 or more visits to that provider.
AIDS Education and PreventionSubstance Use and HIV Risk Profile of Gay/Bisexual Males Who Drop Out of Substance Abuse Treatment
15 Citations2000Gilmore Crosby, Ronald D. Stall +2 more
Men who dropped out of treatment were more likely than treatment graduates to report injection drug use, social problems related to substance use, self-blaming coping strategies, and more recent substance use prior to entering treatment and less likely to have a college degree, report using sex for tension relief, and have previously attended Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous.
Addiction ResearchLongitudinal Trends in the Use of Illicit Drugs and Alcohol in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
9 Citations1993Patrick F. Sullivan, James T. Becker +7 more
Investigation of trends in use of illicit drugs and alcohol in HIV1 - men, HIV1 + men without AIDS, and HIVI + men who developed AIDS found that self-reported illicit drug and alcohol use decreased from 1984-89, but persisted in most of each group.
PubMedMental health care utilization and costs in a corporate setting.
6 Citations1987Shan P. Tsai, Edward J. Bernacki +1 more
Although the average daily hospital cost for mental disorders was less than that for non-mental conditions, total expenditures per admission were approximately three times higher due to the long lengths of stay.