Categorization of Natural Objects
Annual Review of PsychologyPublished 1 January 1981
Carolyn Β. Mervis, Eleanor Rosch
Citations1,946
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score13.79
SNIP13.63
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Abstract
A revolution in the science of emotion has emerged in recent decades, with the potential to create a paradigm shift in decision theories. The research reveals that emotions constitute potent, pervasive, predictable, sometimes harmful and sometimes ...Read More
Keywords
Psychology
Psychological ReviewA spreading-activation theory of semantic processing.
8,093 Citations1975Allan M. Collins, Elizabeth F. Loftus
The present paper shows how the extended theory can account for results of several production experiments by Loftus, Juola and Atkinson's multiple-category experiment, Conrad's sentence-verification experiments, and several categorization experiments on the effect of semantic relatedness and typicality by Holyoak and Glass, Rips, Shoben, and Smith, and Rosch.
Psychological ReviewFeatures of similarity.
7,287 Citations1977Amos Tversky
The metric and dimensional assumptions that underlie the geometric representation of similarity are questioned on both theoretical and empirical grounds and a set of qualitative assumptions are shown to imply the contrast model, which expresses the similarity between objects as a linear combination of the measures of their common and distinctive features.
Psychological ReviewOn the psychology of prediction.
6,171 Citations1973Daniel Kahneman, Amos Tversky
Cognitive PsychologyFamily resemblances: Studies in the internal structure of categories
5,842 Citations1975Eleanor Rosch, Carolyn Β. Mervis
Psychological ReviewContext theory of classification learning.
2,976 Citations1978Douglas L. Medin, Marguerite M. Schaffer
A context theory of classificatio n is described in which judgments are assumed to derive exclusively from stored exemplar information, and the main idea is that a probe item acts as a retrieval cue to access information associated with stimuli similar to the probe.
Cognitive PsychologyUnderstanding natural language
2,802 Citations1972Terry Winograd
A computer system for understanding English that contains a parser, a recognition grammar of English, programs for semantic analysis, and a general problem solving system based on the belief that in modeling language understanding, it must deal in an integrated way with all of the aspects of language—syntax, semantics, and inference.
Piaget’s Theory
2,166 Citations1976Jean Piaget
The following theory of development, which is particularly concerned with the development of cognitive functions, is impossible to understand if one does not begin by analyzing in detail the biologic presuppositions from which it stems and the espistemological consequences in which it ends.
Hedges: A Study in Meaning Criteria and the Logic of Fuzzy Concepts
1,579 Citations1975George Lakoff
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal BehaviorSemantic distance and the verification of semantic relations
954 Citations1973Lance J. Rips, Edward Joseph Shoben +1 more
Four experiments dealt with the verification of semantic relations and indicated that semantic distance could predict RTs in another categorization task and choices in an analogies task and place constraints on a theory of semantic memory.
Advances in experimental social psychologyPrototypes in Person Perception
878 Citations1979Nancy Cantor, Walter Mischel
Psychological ReviewHow shall a thing be called?
639 Citations1958Roger Brown
Zipf (10) has shown that the length of a word (in phonemes or syllables) is inversely related to its frequency in the printed language, and the shorter names for any thing will usually also be the most frequently used names for that thing, and so the choice of a name is usually predictable from either frequency or brevity.
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics SocietyAn Alternative to Checklist Theories of Meaning
604 Citations2014Charles J. Fillmore
Elsevier eBooksFRAME REPRESENTATIONS AND THE DECLARATIVE/PROCEDURAL CONTROVERSY
477 Citations1975Terry Winograd
This chapter presents some criteria for evaluating ideas for representation and presents a rough sketch of a particular version of a frame representation, and discusses the ways in which it can deal with the issues raised.
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal BehaviorInductive judgments about natural categories
472 Citations1975Lance J. Rips
Perception & PsychophysicsThe order of visual processing: “Top-down,” “bottom-up,” or “middle-out”
451 Citations1979R. A. Kinchla, Jeremy M. Wolfe
This paper deals with the order in which different levels of form are recognized in a visual image, and suggests a sort of “middle-out” sequence: forms at some intermediate level of structure having an optimal size or spatial-frequency spectrum are processed first, with subsequent processing of both higher and lower level of form.
ScienceClassification: Purposes, Principles, Progress, Prospects
393 Citations1974Robert R. Sokal
Computer classification has been successfully applied across a broad range of disciplines and by the application of graph theory to some classificatory problems it has been possible to reconstruct evolutionary branching sequences.
Journal of Experimental Child PsychologyDevelopmental trends in free classification: Evidence for a new conceptualization of perceptual development
282 Citations1977Linda B. Smith, Deborah G. Kemler
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal BehaviorComprehension and semantic flexibility
266 Citations1974J. Richard Barclay, John D. Bransford +3 more
Cognitive PsychologyDecision processes in verifying category membership statements: Implications for models of semantic memory
233 Citations1979Michael McCloskey, Sam Glucksberg
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal BehaviorInstantiation of general terms
222 Citations1976Richard C. Anderson, James W. Pichert +4 more
Three experiments investigated the hypothesis that, when interpreted in context, general terms are typically encoded on the basis of an instantiation, and indicated that a particular term naming the expected instantiation of a general term was a better cue for the recall of a sentence than the general term itself.
Merrill-palmer QuarterlySome Evidence for the Cognitive Primacy of Categorization and Its Functional Basis.
220 Citations1973Katherine Nelson
Cognitive PsychologyLevels of experienced dimensionality in children and adults
216 Citations1978Linda B. Smith, Deborah G. Kemler
A new conceptualization of the contrast between holistic and differentiated perception of multidimensional stimuli and a new interpretation of the integrality-separability distinction and the derivative developmental hypothesis are presented.
Child DevelopmentConcept Acquisition in the Human Infant
215 Citations1979Leslie B. Cohen, Mark Strauss
Journal of Experimental Child PsychologySelective attention and the processing of integral and nonintegral dimensions: A developmental study
186 Citations1976Bryan E. Shepp, Karyl B. Swartz
Cognitive PsychologyAcquisition of basic object categories
183 Citations1980Carolyn Β. Mervis, John R. Pani
It was found that when pressure to communicate was removed, comprehension and production of category names were virtually identical, and the predictions of best-example theory concerning the conceptual structures underlying the words used by children who are just beginning to talk were discussed briefly.
Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & PerformancePerceptual information for the age level of faces as a higher order invariant of growth.
163 Citations1979John B. Pittenger, Robert E. Shaw +1 more
Because cardioidal strain produces changes in structures that do not share an isomorphism of rigid (Euclidian) local features or rigid feature configurations, this transformation seems both sufficiently general and abstract to specify what J.J. Gibson has called a "higher-order invariant of perceptual information".
Perception & PsychophysicsIndividual differences in visual comparison processes
95 Citations1976Lynn A. Cooper
American EthnologistCategory grading and taxonomic relations: a mug is a sort of a cup
95 Citations1978Willett Kempton
Fuzzy set theory, which formalizes the idea of gradations in set membership, is used to relate category gradations to taxonomic structure and offers a means of capturing many aspects of folk classification that cannot otherwise be formally expressed.
Journal of Experimental Psychology GeneralAccessing similarity and dimensional relations: Effects of integrality and separability on the discovery of complex concepts.
94 Citations1979Deborah G. Kemler, Linda B. Smith
A series of studies investigated how stimulus integrality and separability impact the cognitive accessibility of similarity and dimensional relations concluded that dimensionally based rules are more accessible from separable than from integral stimuli and that subjects have a bias to access dimensional relations in this type of task.
Behavior Research MethodsCategory norms for verbal items in 25 categories for children in Grades 2–6
94 Citations1978Carla J. Posnansky
Journal of Experimental Child PsychologyIs there a developmental trend from integrality to separability in perception?
78 Citations1978Deborah G. Kemler, Linda B. Smith
Child DevelopmentVariations in Children's Concepts by Age and Category
76 Citations1974Katherine Nelson
Child DevelopmentThe Development of Natural Language Concepts
75 Citations1972Eli Saltz, Elaine Soller +1 more
Child DevelopmentMatching and Equivalence Judgments in Very Young Children
70 Citations1979Marvin W. Daehler, Rita Lonardo +1 more
The results of this series of studies reveal the very young child's ability to identify basic level, conceptual, and complementary relationships, show that objects are responded to more effectively than pictures, and illustrate the importance of both perceptual and verbal-symbolic processes in matching and identification of stimuli.
American Ethnologistsome general principles of biological and non‐biological folk classification<sup>1</sup>
44 Citations1976Cecil H. Brown, J Kolár +3 more
Principles of taxonomy and nomenclature in folk biology first outlined by Berlin, Breedlove, and Raven (1973) are shown to extend to non-biological and non-taxonomic folk classification, indicating that principles originally attributed solely to biological classification actually relate to more general aspects of human psychic unity.
Annual Review of PsychologyThinking and Concept Attainment
28 Citations1975Edith D. Neimark, John L. Santa
Journal of Experimental Child PsychologyThe abstraction of visual prototypes by children
19 Citations1976Carla J. Posnansky, Paul G. Neumann
It was demonstrated that children as young as second graders could form prototypical representations from a set of highly similar stimuli and the prototype-plus-transformation model was contrasted with an attribute-frequency model.
Child DevelopmentStudies of Natural Language Concepts. III..
10 Citations1977Eli Saltz, David Dixon +2 more
