Opiate and opioid peptide effects on brain stem neurons: Relevance to nociception and antinociceptive mechanisms
PainPublished 1 February 1982
G. F. Gebhart
Citations190
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.02
SNIP1.87
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
It is suggested that opiates and opioid peptides are apparently suppressive to neuronal activity is not consonant with the notion that their involvement in antinociception relates to an activation of selected neurons in the brain stem.
Abstract
Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa. Iowa City, Ia. 52242 U.S.A. (Received 26 May 1981, accepted 28 May 1981)
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyThe central adrenergic system. An immunofluorescence study of the location of cell bodies and their efferent connections in the rat utilizing dopamine‐<i>B</i>‐hydroxylase as a marker
1,472 Citations1975L. W. Swanson, Boyd K. Hartman
A sensitive immunofluorescene technique was used to describe systematically the distribution of dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase (DBH)‐containing cell bodies, non‐terminal fiber pathways, and terminal fields in the brain of the male albino rat.
PainDiffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC). I. Effects on dorsal horn convergent neurones in the rat
1,352 Citations1979Daniel Le Bars, Anthony H. Dickenson +1 more
Since non‐noxious stimuli were ineffective in this respect, the term “diffuse noxious inhibitory controls” (DNIC) is proposed, and long lasting post‐effects directly related to the duration of conditioning painful stimulus were observed.
Trends in Biochemical SciencesOpiates and endogenous opioid peptides
1,291 Citations1977John Kelly, Raymond Dingledine
Annals of NeurologyEndogenous pain control mechanisms: Review and hypothesis
1,241 Citations1978Allan I. Basbaum, Howard L. Fields
Evidence is presented that the intrinsic neural network that monitors and modulates the activity of pain‐transmitting neurons is mediated in part by endogenous opiatelike compounds (endorphins).
Brain ResearchIsolation of an endogenous compound from the brain with pharmacological properties similar to morphine
980 Citations1975John Hughes
It is suggested that the compound isolated in this investigation forms part of a central pain suppressive system and may also have a wider neurochemical role in the brain.
NatureOpiate analgesics inhibit substance P release from rat trigeminal nucleus
967 Citations1977Thomas M. Jessell, Leslie L. Iversen
ScienceAnalgesia Mediated by a Direct Spinal Action of Narcotics
948 Citations1976Tony L. Yaksh, Thomas A. Rudy
Narcotic analgetics administered directly into the spinal subarachnoid space of the rat via a chronically inserted catheter produce a potent analgesia that can be antagonized by naloxone.
Journal of Medicinal ChemistryPsychopharmacology. A Review of Progress, 1957-1967
891 Citations1969Alfred Burger
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesImmunohistochemical analysis of peptide pathways possibly related to pain and analgesia: enkephalin and substance P.
887 Citations1977Tomas Hökfelt, Å. Ljungdahl +3 more
The present immunohistochemical-anatomical findings support the hypothesis that stimulation-produced analgesia is related to activation of spinal and spinal trigeminal enkephalin interneurons forming axo-axonic synapses with (substance P?) pain afferents in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn and the spinal trigEMinal nucleus.
Brain ResearchAutoradiographic localization of opiate receptors in rat brain. I. Spinal cord and lower medulla
869 Citations1977Samir Atweh, Michael J. Kuhar
In these brain regions, opiate receptors are highly associated with areas receiving small, afferent primary fibers, strategically placed to modulate noxious stimuli as well as explain some visceral side effects of opiate administration.
Experimental NeurologyPhysiological properties of unmyelinated fiber projection to the spinal cord
833 Citations1966Lorne M. Mendell
It was suggested that the C fiber input produced the increase in dynamic range and that this accounted for the involvement of unmyelinated fibers in high threshold phenomena (e.g., pain).
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyImmunohistochemical localization of enkephalin in rat brain and spinal cord
818 Citations1978Madhabananda Sar, Walter E. Stumpf +3 more
The results of the histochemical staining show that certain structures which positively stain for enkephalin closely correspond to the distribution of opiate receptors in the brain and thus support the concept that the endogenous opiate peptides are involved in the perception of pain and analgesia.
NeuroscienceImmunohistochemical evidence of substance P-like immunoreactivity in some 5-hydroxytryptamine-containing neurons in the rat central nervous system
815 Citations1978Tomas Hökfelt, Å. Ljungdahl +6 more
Findings indicate that substance P and 5-HT may coexist not only in some cell bodies but also in axons and nerve endings in neurons of the lower medulla oblongata.
NatureTolerance of locus coeruleus neurones to morphine and suppression of withdrawal response by clonidine
799 Citations1978George K. Aghajanian
Single-cell recording and microiontophoretic techniques were used to establish the development of tolerance of LC cells to the depressant effects of morphine, naloxone-induced withdrawal activations of LC neuronal firing in morphine-dependent animals, and the ability of clonidine to suppress the withdrawal of LC neurones through a non-opiate receptor.
PainDiffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC). II. Lack of effect on non-convergent neurones, supraspinal involvement and theoretical implications
770 Citations1979Daniel Le Bars, Anthony H. Dickenson +1 more
It is concluded that convergent neurones are specifically inhibited by DNIC, and the “contrast” between the messages from these two pools may well produce a significant pain signalling output from the convergent dorsal horn cells.
PainCentral nervous system mechanisms of analgesia
717 Citations1976David J. Mayer, Donald D. Price
The intent of this review is to examine and synthesize the extensive progress that has been made in the last few years describing the anatomical, physiological and neurohumoral substrates of neural systems which modulate pain perception.
Brain ResearchThe raphe nuclei of the cat brain stem: A topographical atlas of their efferent projections as revealed by autoradiography
660 Citations1976Pierre Bobillier, S. Seguin +4 more
The organization of the regional connections was outlined in a stereotaxic atlas using the autoradiographic tracing method: the majority of the ascending pathways from the rostral raphe nuclei are directed mainly through a ventrolateral bundle via the ventral tegmental area of Tsai, with some lateral extensions to the substantia nigra, and then through the fields of Forel and the zona incerta.
PainNarcotic analgetics: CNS sites and mechanisms of action as revealed by intracerebral injection techniques
658 Citations1977Tony L. Yaksh, Thomas A. Rudy
Experimental approaches are resorted to which permit a detailed study of the interaction between narcotic analgetics and particular regions and/or functional systems within the central nervous system.
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchAnimal models in psychiatry and neurology
649 Citations1978Robin Murray
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyThree bulbospinal pathways from the rostral medulla of the cat: An autoradiographic study of pain modulating systems
640 Citations1978Allan I. Basbaum, Charles H. Clanton +1 more
The possibility that the raphe‐spinal pathway in the DLF mediates opiate and brain stimulation‐produced analgesia is discussed and is correlated with cytoarchitectural features of the two regions.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesOpiate receptor: autoradiographic localization in rat brain.
629 Citations1976C. B. Pert, M. J. Kuhar +1 more
Silver grains indicative of the binding of labeled [3H]diprenorphine are discretely localized in numerous areas of the brain with very high densities in the locus coeruleus, the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord, and in clusters within the caudate-putamen, amygdala, and parts of the periventricular gray matter.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesOpioid peptide enkephalin: immunohistochemical mapping in rat central nervous system.
622 Citations1977Rabi Simantov, M. J. Kuhar +2 more
In certain regions enkephalin immunofluorescence corresponds closely with the distribution of autoradiographic opiate receptor grains.
Brain ResearchAutoradiographic localization of opiate receptors in rat brain. II. The brain stem
573 Citations1977Samir Atweh, Michael J. Kuhar
The distribution of opiate receptors, determined by the autoradiographic localization of stereospecific [3H]diprenorphine binding sites, was studied in the brain stem and associations of some receptors with small diameter axons, pupillary reflexes, hormonal control, and effects of opiates on neurotransmitter systems were discussed.
Brain ResearchAutoradiographic localization of opiate receptors in rat brain. III. The telencephalon
569 Citations1977Samir Atweh, Michael J. Kuhar
Opiate receptor distribution, determined by the autoradiographic localization of stereospecific [3H]diprenorphine binding sites, was examined in the telencephalon and the significance of these findings is discussed in terms of the biochemical and physiological actions of opiates.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesEnkephalin inhibits release of substance P from sensory neurons in culture and decreases action potential duration.
549 Citations1979Anne W. Mudge, Susan E. Leeman +1 more
Modulation of voltage-sensitive channels may account for the inhibition of substance P release in Sensory neurons grown in dispersed cell culture.
PubMedNeural peptides and neuronal communication.
516 Citations1980Erminio Costa, Marco Trabucchi
Neural pepetides and neuronal communication, Neural pepeteides and neurons communication, کتابخانه مرکزی ایران .
PainSpinal serotonin terminal system mediates antinociception
505 Citations1981&NA; &NA;
It is demonstrated that escape and titration thresholds to tooth pulp electrical stimulation in monkey are raised following electrical stimulation of certain areas of the primate brain.
Progress in NeurobiologyThe locus coeruleus: neurobiology of a central noradrenergic nucleus
496 Citations1977David G. Amaral, Harry M. Sinnamon
The Anatomy of the nucleus locus coeruleus 2.2.2 explains the role of the EMT in the development of central nervous system disorders and its role in Parkinson's disease.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesSerotonin and substance P coexist in neurons of the rat's central nervous system
486 Citations1978Victoria Chan‐Palay, G. Jönsson +1 more
The present findings demonstrate the presence of two putative transmitters, a biogenic amine and a polypeptide, within the same neuron in the mammalian central nervous system.
Brain ResearchA new major projection from locus coeruleus: The main source of noradrenergic nerve terminals in the ventral and dorsal columns of the spinal cord
483 Citations1977Lars-Göran Nygren, Luis B. Tovar‐y‐Romo
It was concluded that locus coeruleus innervates almost all parts of the central nervous system in the rat, and a schematic map of the different CA projections to the spinal cord is presented.
Brain ResearchNucleus raphe magnus inhibition of spinal cord dorsal horn neurons
479 Citations1977Howard L. Fields, Allan I. Basbaum +2 more
In decerebrate cats, electrical stimulation of nucleus raphe magnus of the medulla produced marked inhibition of spinal neurons in lumbosacral dorsal horn, and NRM stimulation was the most effective.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyThe isodendritic core of the brain stem
446 Citations1966E. Ramón‐Moliner, Walle J. H. Nauta
It is postulated that the isodendritic core represents a pool of pluripotential neurons which in the course of phylogeny have remained relatively undifferentiated and in charge of processing afferent signals of very heterogeneous origin.
Brain ResearchEvidence that an excitatory connection between the periaqueductal gray and nucleus raphe magnus mediates stimulation produced analgesia
440 Citations1979Michael M. Behbehani, Howard L. Fields
It is concluded that there is an excitatory connection between the periaqueductal gray and the nucleus raphe magnus and that activation of this system can cause analgesia.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesProperties of Opiate-Receptor Binding in Rat Brain
439 Citations1973Candace B. Pert, Solomon H. Snyder
Potencies of opiates and their antagonists in displacing [(3)H]naloxone binding parallel their pharmacological potencies.
Acta Pharmacologica et ToxicologicaCharacteristics of the “Receptor” for Narcotic Analgesics in Synaptic Plasma Membrane Fraction from Rat Brain
436 Citations1973Lars Terenius
The observed binding characteristics of the SPM fraction are compatible with those which might be expected for the actual narcotic receptor, and analogous SPM preparations from subcortical parts of the cerebrum and from the brain stem also showed stereospecific binding of narcotics.
European Journal of PharmacologyNoradrenergic neurons: Morphine inhibition of spontaneous activity
434 Citations1974Jakob Korf, Benjamin S. Bunney +1 more
Findings suggest that morphine may exert at least part of this analgesic action through decreasing locus coeruleus impulse flow, however, the mechanism by which morphine decreases noradrenergic neuronal activity remains to be elucidated.
Brain ResearchAnalgesia from electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter in the cat: behavioral observations and inhibitory effects on spinal cord interneurons
434 Citations1973John C. Liebeskind, Gise`le Guilbaud +2 more
PainNeurons that subserve the sensory-discriminative aspects of pain
429 Citations1977Donald D. Price, Ronald Dubner
Brain Research ReviewsBehavioral functions of the reticular formation
423 Citations1979Jerome M. Siegel
It is hypothesized that discharge in most RF cells is primarily related to the excitation of small groups of muscles, which can parsimoniously explain many previous observations on the behavioral correlates of these cells, and is consistent with anatomical, physiological and phylogenetic studies of the reticular formation.
Experimental Brain ResearchBehavioral and electrophysiological evidence of pain inhibition from midbrain stimulation in the cat
419 Citations1974J.L. Oliveras, Jean‐Marie Besson +2 more
In anesthetized cats, effects of midbrain stimulation were studied on evoked activity in dorsal horn lamina 4 and 5 cells and the possible relationship between analgesia and lamina 5 cell inhibition are discussed.
PainSerotonin-containing neurons: their possible role in pain and analgesia
399 Citations1977Rita B. Messing, Loy D. Lytle
Evidence suggests that increases in the activity of brain and spinal cord serotonin neurons are associated with analgesia and enhanced antinociceptive drug potency, whereas decreases in the activities of these neurons correlate with hyperalgesia and diminished analgesic drug potency.
Brain ResearchImmunohistochemical mapping of enkephalin containing cell bodies, fibers and nerve terminals in the brain stem of the rat
388 Citations1979George R. Uhl, Robert Goodman +3 more
Enkephalin immunoreactive perikarya, fibers and nerve terminals, visualized by the indirect immunohistofluorescent method in colchicine-pretreated animals, are localized in many discrete regions of the rat brain stem.
Life SciencesAutoradiographic localization of the opiate receptor in rat brain
388 Citations1975Candace B. Pert, Michael J. Kuhar +1 more
Handbook of sensory physiologyThe Trigeminal System
375 Citations1973I. Darian-Smith
One aim in the investigation of the trigeminal sensory system is to identify not only those neural mechanisms that have a structural and functional parallel in the spinal somatic sensory system, but also those mechanisms that subserve a special local sensory role.
ScienceMorphine and Enkephalin: Analgesic and Epileptic Properties
358 Citations1977Gideon Urca, Hanan Frenk +2 more
Findings support the view that the periaqueductal gray matter is actively involved in endogenous mechanisms of analgesia and suggest that endogenous enkephalin may play some role in epileptogenesis.
Brain ResearchMorphine analgesia: Blockade by raphe magnus lesions
355 Citations1975Herbert K. Proudfit, Edmund G. Anderson
Journal of NeurophysiologyTrigeminothalamic neurons in nucleus caudalis responsive to tactile, thermal, and nociceptive stimulation of monkey's face
349 Citations1976Donald D. Price, Ronald Dubner +1 more
A total of 113 trigeminothalamic neurons and over 200 presumed interneurons of nucleus caudalis (0-5 mm below the obex) and subjacent reticular formation were studied in rhesus monkeys anestheti.
Brain ResearchProjections of the nucleus locus coeruleus in the albino rat
339 Citations1969L A Loizou
Brain ResearchThe differential effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline and raphe stimulation on nociceptive and non-nociceptive dorsal horn interneurones in the cat
338 Citations1978G Belcher, R. W. Ryall +1 more
5-HT may be a mediator of raphe-spinal actions but may have presynaptic inhibitory actions coupled with postsynaptic excitatory effects, and NA could mediate some descending inhibition of nociceptive neurones.
NatureEnkephalin blocks inhibitory pathways in the vertebrate CNS
331 Citations1980Roger A. Nicoll, Bradley E. Alger +1 more
Inhibition of inhibitory interneurones may be primary targets for opioid peptide-containing pathways and disinhibition may be of general importance for opium peptide action in the CNS.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyOrigin and organization of brainstem catecholamine innervation in the rat
320 Citations1979Pat Levitt, Robert Y. Moore
CA assays demonstrate that the highest norepinephrine content in brainstem is present in the trigeminal motor nucleu, nucleus tractus solitarius, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and nucleus raphe dorsalis.
BrainTERMINATION OF THE CENTRAL PAIN PATHWAY IN MAN: THE CONSCIOUS APPRECIATION OF PAIN
317 Citations1957David Bowsher
PainAnalgesia induced by electrical stimulation of the inferior centralis nucleus of the raphe in the cat
313 Citations1975J.L. Oliveras, F. Redjemi +2 more
PainReversal of morphine and stimulus-produced analgesia by subtotal spinal cord lesions
305 Citations1977Allan I. Basbaum, N. J. E. Marley +2 more
It is concluded that an inhibitory pathway, which descends in the dorsal part of the lateral funiculus and which probably originates in the nucleus raphe magnus of the medulla, mediates the descending control found in both morphine and stimulus‐produced analgesia.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesNeuronal actions of endorphins and enkephalins among brain regions: a comparative microiontophoretic study.
301 Citations1977Roger A. Nicoll, George R. Siggins +3 more
Results are consistent with the hypothesis that the endorphins and enkephalins may represent a new class of central neurotransmitters; among other functions, these peptides may play a role in the regulation of behavior and the expression of psychopharmacological agents such as the opiate alkaloids.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesOpiate and stimulus-produced analgesia: functional anatomy of a medullospinal pathway.
296 Citations1976Allan I. Basbaum, Charles H. Clanton +1 more
Evidence supports the hypothesis that this neuron population mediates the analgesia produced by opiates and electrical stimulation of certain diencephalic and brainstem sites.
Brain ResearchIontophoretic application of opiates to the locus coeruleus
290 Citations1977Stephanie J. Bird, Michael J. Kuhar
It is concluded that neuronal sensitivity to opiates has a high positive correlation with autoradiographically determined opiate receptor sites, and this sensitivity to Opiates is blocked by opiate antagonists and is stereospecific in nature.
Brain ResearchElectron microscopic localization of substance P and enkephalin in axon terminals related to dendrites of catecholaminergic neurons
290 Citations1979Virginia M. Pickel, Tong H. Joh +3 more
It is demonstrated that substance P and [Met5]-enkephalin-positive reactions are selectively localized to subcellular organelles in axon terminals in the locus coeruleus and A2 region of rat brain.
Brain ResearchAntagonism of stimulation-produced analgesia by p-CPA, a serotonin synthesis inhibitor
288 Citations1972Huda Akil, David J. Mayer
PainEvidence that raphe-spinal neurons mediate opiate and midbrain stimulation-produced analgesias
286 Citations1978Howard L. Fields, Stuart D. Anderson
Findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the raphe‐spinal projection mediates opiate and electrical stimulation‐produced effects from midbrain sites and suggest that they are part of a negative feedback system which monitors and limits the output of spinal dorsal horn pain‐transmission neurons.
Brain ResearchAfferents to brain stem nuclei (brain stem raphe, nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis and nucleus gigantocellularis) in the rat as demonstrated by microiontophoretically applied horseradish peroxidase
262 Citations1978Dorothy W. Gallager, Agu Pert
Using a retrograde tracer technique with microiontophoretically applied horseradish peroxidase (HRP), afferent projections to the brain stem raphe nuclei and to two adjacent reticular nuclei, nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis (nRPC) and nucleus gigantocellularis (nGC) were identified.
Brain ResearchRole of the nucleus raphe magnus in opiate analgesia as studied by the microinjection technique in the rat
258 Citations1979Anthony H. Dickenson, Jean-Louis Olivéras +1 more
The analgesic effects of morphine microinjected into the nucleus raphé magnus (NRM) and the surrounding reticular formation of the rat were tested using vocalization after electric shock to the tail as the test for analgesia and results further substantiate the role of the NRM in analgesic mechanisms.
Brain ResearchEvaluation of the periaqueductal central gray (PAG) as a morphine-specific locus of action and examination of morphine-induced and stimulation-produced analgesia at coincident PAG loci
243 Citations1977Vahn A. Lewis, Gerald F. Gebhart
It was demonstrated that the effect of morphine intracerebrally administered into the PAG was not duplicated by other centrally acting agents (chlorpromazine, chlordiazepoxide, pentobarbital or naloxone) administered i.c. at the same PAG site.
Brain ResearchMicroinjection of morphine into the periaqueductal gray evokes the release of serotonin from spinal cord
232 Citations1979Tony L. Yaksh, Gertrude M. Tyce
European Journal of PharmacologyACh, substance P and met-enkephalin in the locus coeruleus: Pharmacological evidence for independent sites of action
231 Citations1979Patrice G. Guyenet, George K. Aghajanian
It is demonstrated that ACh, met-enkephalin, and SP act upon pharmacologically distinct receptors within the LC, and that SP has no opioid agonist or antagonist potency.
ScienceOpiates and Opioid Peptides Hyperpolarize Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Vitro
228 Citations1980Christine M. Pepper, Graeme Henderson
Opiates and opioid peptides produced a dose-dependent, stereospecific, naloxone-reversible hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane, associated with an increase in membrane conductance in locus coeruleus neurons.
Experimental NeurologySomatic stimuli exciting spinothalamic projections to thalamic neurons in cat and monkey
227 Citations1961Edward R. Perl, David Whitlock
It was concluded that ventrolateral spinal tracts have projections to thalamic nuclei of a receptor specific place, specific type, and of another type organized in a different manner: each type of projection passing to different nuclear regions and presumably subserving different sensory mechanisms.
Brain Research BulletinOrganization of brainstem behavioral systems
225 Citations1976Gary G. Berntson, David J. Micco
Rostral hypothalamic-limbic mechanisms, while perhaps contributing refinement to the integration of behaviors, may best be viewed as phylogenetically newer control mechanisms making the expression of species-characteristic behaviors subordinate to additional class of exteroceptive and interoceptive stimuli.
Brain ResearchSpinal projections from the lower brain stem in the cat as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase technique. I. Origins of the reticulospinal tracts and their funicular trajectories
222 Citations1979Masaya Tohyama, Kazuya Sakai +3 more
Using a retrograde tracer technique with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) attempts were made to determine the origins of reticulospinal tracts and their funicular trajectories and it was found that the axons from the n.
NatureOpiate receptors influence vasopressin release from nerve terminals in rat neurohypophysis
218 Citations1980Leslie L. Iversen, Susan D. Iversen +1 more
The results of the present studies support the hypothesis that an enkephalin innervation of the pars nervosa originating from the magnocellular hypothalamic nuclei might regulate the secretion of neurohypophyseal hormones, and suggest the possible existence of inhibitory opiate receptors on the terminals of vasopressin fibres in the Pars nervosa.
NatureOpiate inhibition of peptide release from the neurohumoral terminals of hypothalamic neurones
218 Citations1979Geoffrey D. Clarke, P. F. Wood +2 more
Evidence is provided that opiates inhibit the electrically induced release of oxytocin by an action on or close to the axon terminals within the neurohypophysis, and evidence is combined to suggest that endogenous opioids tonically suppress the release of Oxytocin in response to physiological stimuli.
Brain ResearchOpiate antagonist, naloxone, strongly reduces analgesia induced by stimulation of a raphe nucleus (centralis inferior)
216 Citations1977J.L. Oliveras, Yoshio Hosobuchi +3 more
The analgesic effects obtained in the cat by central inferior raphe nucleus stimulation are greatly reduced by the administration of a specific opiate antagonist, naloxone, and the relation existing between morphine analgesia and analgesia induced by central stimulation is emphasized.
Journal of NeurophysiologyNociceptive responses of neurons in medial thalamus and their relationship to spinothalamic pathways
208 Citations1978Willie K. Dong, H. Ryu +1 more
The results obtained from monitoring the peripherally evoked responses of nociceptive N and NT neurons before and after selective lesions of the spinal cord strongly suggested that the spinothalamic tracts were the only spinal projections mediating A- and C-fiber input to these cells.
PainNeuroanatomical substrates of nociception in the spinal cord
200 Citations1975Frederick W. L. Kerr
This report will present an overview of those structures in the spinal cord which are concerned, or probably concerned, with nocicepfive mechanisms and correlate the structural observations, insofar as possible, with current neurophysiological concepts.
Brain ResearchFunicular trajectories of descending brain stem pathways in cat
185 Citations1977H.G.J.M. Kuypers, Vladimir A. Maisky
The same ipsilateral-contralateral distribution of labeled neurons occurs when the injection at T1 is preceded a week earlier by a contralateral hemisection at C1-C2 (case 13, Fig. 2), which indicates that the fibers from the labeled neurons contralsateral to the injection cross in the brain stem.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyThe ventral spinothalamic tract and other ascending systems of the ventral funiculus of the spinal cord
173 Citations1975Frederick W. L. Kerr
The ascending degeneration resulting from experimental lesions of the ventral funiculus of the spinal cord of Macaca mulatta has been studied using the Nauta technique and its variants.
ScienceSpecific-Opiate-Induced Depression of Transmitter Release from Dorsal Root Ganglion Cells in Culture
164 Citations1978Robert L. Macdonald, Phillip G. Nelson
Brain ResearchSpinal projections from the lower brain stem in the cat as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase technique. II. projections from the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum and raphe nuclei
161 Citations1979Masaya Tohyama, Kazuya Sakai +3 more
It is demonstrated that the nucleus raphe dorsalis also sends axons to the cervical segment of the spinal cord, and the organization of spinal projections from the dorsolateral pons and raphe nuclei is clarified.
Brain ResearchEffects induced by stimulation of the centralis inferior nucleus of the raphe on dorsal horn interneurons in cat's spinal cord
160 Citations1977G. Guilbaud, J.L. Oliveras +2 more
The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship of stimulation produced analgesia (SPA) to these descending inhibitory controls, using the same conditions of peripheral stimulation as were employed in studies of analgesic effects on the unrestrained awake cat 13.
Brain ResearchA map of serotoninergic structures involved in stimulation producing analgesia in unrestrained freely moving cats
160 Citations1979Jean Louis Oliveras, G. Guilbaud +1 more
A detailed map obtained on 127 chronic cats and concerning 290 sites of stimulation is presented to present the effects of central stimulation on the threshold of the jaw opening reflex (JOR) induced by tooth pulp stimulation.
PainInhibition of the spinal transmission of nociceptive information by supraspinal stimulation in the cat
159 Citations1979Arthur W. Duggan, B.T. Griersmith
Electrical stimulation near the dorsal raphe of the midbrain non‐selectively reduced the responses of neurones to both noxious and non‐noxious stimuli.
European Journal of PharmacologyStudies on the antagonism by raphe lesions of the antinociceptive action of systemic morphine
159 Citations1977Tony L. Yaksh, Robert L. Plant +1 more
Brain ResearchDifferential effects of spinal cord lesions on narcotic and non-narcotic supression of nociceptive reflexes: Further evidence for the physiologic multiplicity of pain modulation
157 Citations1978Ronald L. Hayes, Donald D. Price +3 more
The current data indicate that: (1) supraspinal modulation participating in two different types of analgesic induction involves separate descending spinal pathways and (2) the maximal expression of analgesia produced by administration of narcotics requires the integrity of a suPRaspinal neural system projecting in the DLF.
Brain ResearchInhibition of spinal cord interneurons by narcotic microinjection and focal electrical stimulation in the periaqueductal gray matter
154 Citations1979Gary J. Bennett, David J. Mayer
These experiments directly demonstrate that narcotic analgesics restricted to an intracerebral site of action activate a neural system which preferentially inhibits the responses of spinal cord wide dynamic range neurons to noxious stimuli.
ScienceEnkephalin-Induced Depression of Single Neurons in Brain Areas with Opiate Receptors—Antagonism by Naloxone
152 Citations1976Robert C.A. Frederickson, Franklin H. Norris
Enkephalin, applied microiontophoretically, depressed spontaneous and glutamate-induced firing of single neurons in frontal cortex, caudate nucleus, and periaqueductal gray matter, where enkphalin and high concentrations of opiate receptors are found.
Experimental Brain ResearchNoradrenaline innervation of the spinal cord studied by the horseradish peroxidase method combined with monoamine oxidase staining
150 Citations1977Keiji Satoh, M. Tohyama +3 more
The possibility that the same NA neurons might innervate both the fore brain and spinal cord has been presented, as the source of NA in the forebrain, such as the hypothalamus and preoptic area, was considered.
PainRole of the reticular formation in responses to noxious stimulation
147 Citations1976David Bowsher
Brain ResearchNaloxone-reversible analgesia produced by microstimulation in the rat medulla
145 Citations1981Greg Zorman, Ian D. Hentall +2 more
Using microstimulation of the rostral medulla in the barbiturate-anesthetized rat, a map was constructed of loci for inhibition of the tail-flick response to noxious heat and Chronaxie determinations indicate that analgesia was not produced by activation of large myelinated axons of passage.
Experimental NeurologySomatic stimuli, spinal pathways, and size of cutaneous fibers influencing unit activity in the medial medulary reticular formation
142 Citations1969K. L. Casey
Analysis of unit activity in the medial medullary reticular formation of unanesthetized, decerebrate and decereballate cats suggests that a neural population is part of a system subserving responses to noxious stimuli.
Experimental NeurologyDistribution of responses to somatic afferent stimuli in the diencephalon of the cat under chloralose anesthesia
137 Citations1960Lawrence Kruger, D Albe‐Fessard
Some evidence is presented suggesting that the CM response may be excited by the spinothalamic system and that responses in this region differ from those in the classical lemniscal pathway (VB) in modality and somatotopic representation, latency, spinal pathway, and anesthetic susceptibility.
NatureEffects of microiontophoretically applied methionine-enkephalin on single neurones in rat brainstem
135 Citations1976Philip Bradley, Ian Briggs +2 more
The findings support the concept of a physiological role for endogenous enkephalin in the central nervous system and compare these effects with those of morphine, and also of another narcotic analgesic, etorphine, which is considerably more potent.
Brain ResearchThe somatotopic organization of the nucleus raphe magnus and surrounding brain stem structures as revealed by HRP slow-release gels
133 Citations1980L.R. Watkins, Greg P. Griffin +2 more
It appears that the actual functional unit involved in the descending control of nociception may be the combined population of Rmc and NRM, which corresponds to the serotonergic cell group B3 of Dahlström and Fuxe.
Journal of NeurophysiologyDifferential inhibitory effects of medial and lateral midbrain stimulation on spinal neuronal discharges to noxious skin heating in the cat
129 Citations1980E. Carstens, David J. Klumpp +1 more
The results indicate that functionally separate descending inhibitory systems are activated by stimulation of PAG and LRF, and that descending inhibition is generated at sites throughout the mediolateral extent of the midbrain.
Brain ResearchInhibition of primate spinothalamic tract neurons by stimulation in the region of the nucleus raphe magnus
127 Citations1976J. E. Beall, Richard Martin +2 more
Life SciencesAnalgesic activity of substance P following intracerebral administration in rats
121 Citations1978Jeffrey B. Malick, Jeffrey M. Goldstein
Evidence P was found to be a potent, long-lasting analgesic in the tail flick test in rats following intracerebral administration, via chronically indwelling cannulae, into the midbrain periaqueductal gray, and may be yet another endogenous analgesic peptide.
Neuroscience LettersThe projection from nucleus raphe magnus and other brainstem nuclei to the spinal cord in the rat: a study using the HRP blue-reaction
119 Citations1978George R. Leichnetz, L.R. Watkins +3 more
The direct NRM-spinal projection in the rat, involved in the modulation of pain transmission in the spinal cord dorsal horn, originates primarily from the expanded region of the nucleus in the rostralmost medulla.
Brain ResearchDissociation of supraspinal and spinal actions of morphine: A quantitative evaluation
117 Citations1980Christopher Barton, Allan I. Basbaum +1 more
The results indicate that both spinal and supraspinal sites contribute significantly to the analgesia produced by systemic administration of opiates.
PainPain and protopathic sensibility. A review with particular reference to the teeth
113 Citations1976J.M. Mumford, David Bowsher
“When all that is speculative and abstract is removed from Head’s contribution to this subject, there remains a most impressive body of observations that must have a permanent value and will serve as the material for a more realist interpretation.
PainOpiate receptor: autoradiographic localization in rat brain
112 Citations1977C. B. Pert, M J Kuhar +1 more
…