Does sodium restriction lower blood pressure?
BMJPublished 5 July 1986Open access
D. E. Grobbee, Albert Hofman
Citations145
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TL;DR
The hypotensive effect of sodium restriction was found to be small and restricted largely to systolic blood pressure, which fell by an average of 3.6mm Hg (range 0.5-10.0 mm Hg), and seems to be of limited use in young patients with mild hypertension.
Abstract
Data from 13 randomised trials on the effect of sodium restriction on blood pressure were analysed. The hypotensive effect of sodium restriction was found to be small and restricted largely to systolic blood pressure, which fell by an average of 3.6 mm Hg (range 0.5-10.0 mm Hg). The reduction increased with age and in those with higher blood pressure. Sodium restriction therefore seems to be of limited use in those who are most eligible for non-pharmacological treatment of high blood pressure--namely, young patients with mild hypertension.
Keywords
PsychologyNursing
The LancetHYPERTENSION TREATED BY SALT RESTRICTION
343 Citations1978Trefor Morgan, W. R. Adam +4 more
Most patients did not achieve the desired amount of salt restriction and a stricter adherence to the diet might have caused further falls in blood-pressure, so salt restriction should be tried before drugs.
American Heart JournalModerate sodium restriction and diuretics in the treatment of hypertension
295 Citations1973J Parijs, J V Joossens +3 more
Using a cross-over type setup with 4 periods of 1 month each in 22 patients with mild, mostly essential hypertension, the antihypertensive action of the following therapeutic regimens were compared, suggesting that a reduction of the daily NaCl intake from 10 to 5 Gm could produce a decrease of blood pressure of about 105 mm.
The LancetLOW SODIUM/HIGH POTASSIUM DIET FOR PREVENTION OF HYPERTENSION: PROBABLE MECHANISMS OF ACTION
156 Citations1981F. Skrabal, T. Auböck +1 more
The results of this study suggest that moderate salt restriction combined with a high potassium intake helps to prevent hypertension, that salt-sensitive subjects exist, and that these individuals would profit most.
The LancetRANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF A NO-ADDED-SODIUM DIET FOR MILD HYPERTENSION
154 Citations1982TrevorC. Beard, WendyR. Gray +2 more
Reduction of sodium intake permitted drug treatment to be substantially reduced without side-effects or loss of blood-pressure control, and the diet group reported feeling happier, less depressed, and less dependent on analgesics.
The LancetBLOOD-PRESSURE RESPONSE TO MODERATE SODIUM RESTRICTION AND TO POTASSIUM SUPPLEMENTATION IN MILD ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
147 Citations1984Mark Richards, EricA Espiner +5 more
The results show that moderate restriction of sodium intake or supplementation of dietary potassium has variable effects on arterial pressure in individuals with mild essential hypertension, and that overall the blood-pressure changes induced are very small.
BMJDietary sodium restriction for mild hypertension in general practice.
126 Citations1983G. Watt, C. Edwards +4 more
Moderate dietary sodium restriction does not lower blood pressure in patients with this degree of hypertension, and there was no significant difference in blood pressure between the slow sodium and placebo treatment periods.
Clinical Pharmacology & TherapeuticsDivergent blood pressure responses during short-term sodium restriction in hypertension
102 Citations1980David L. Longworth, Jan I.M. Drayer +2 more
Dietary salt deprivation may not be effective treatment for all patients with hypertension and may even be counterproductive in some, and short‐term experience suggests that dietary salt deprivation should be avoided.
BMJBeta blockade, diuretics, and salt restriction for the management of mild hypertension: a randomised double blind trial.
81 Citations1984Th. M. Erwteman, Nico Nagelkerke +3 more
The results suggest that moderate salt restriction used as sole treatment has a limited though demonstrable blood pressure lowering effect but that when it is used as an adjuvant to beta blocker treatment its value is greatly enhanced.
Journal of HypertensionA Randomized Trial on the Effect of Decreased Dietary Sodium Intake on Blood Pressure in Adolescents
73 Citations1984Richard Cooper, Linda Van Horn +9 more
It would appear that moderate sodium reduction does not have an overall short-term effect on blood pressure in normotensive adolescents, however, body size as reflected in body mass index may influence blood pressure response to sodium reduction.
BMJDietary sodium and arterial blood pressure: evidence against genetic susceptibility.
60 Citations1985G. Watt, C Foy +6 more
The study provides evidence against the hypothesis that people with a family history of high blood pressure are more susceptible in their blood pressure response to dietary sodium.
HypertensionBlood pressure response to dietary sodium restriction in normotensive adults.
56 Citations1983J Z Miller, S A Daugherty +4 more
The results indicate that the blood pressure response to sodium restriction may not be limited to individuals with hypertension and that the response is heterogeneous in normotensive subjects.