Transcriptionally active immediate-early protein of pseudorabies virus binds to specific sites on class II gene promoters
Journal of VirologyPublished 1 May 1989Open access
Wanda Cromlish, Susan M. Abmayr, Jerry L. Workman, M Horikoshi, Robert G. Roeder
Citations33
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.28
SNIP0.90
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
In the presence of partially purified pseudorabies virus immediate-early protein, multiple sites of DNase I protection were observed on the adenovirus major late and human hsp 70 promoters, suggesting that transcriptional stimulation by the immediate- early protein involves binding to cis-acting elements.
Abstract
In the presence of partially purified pseudorabies virus immediate-early protein, multiple sites of DNase I protection were observed on the adenovirus major late and human hsp 70 promoters. Southwestern (DNA-protein blot) analysis demonstrated that the immediate-early protein bound directly to the sequences contained in these sites. These sequences share only limited homology, differ in their affinities for the immediate-early protein, and are located at different positions on these two promoters. In addition, the site-specific binding of a temperature-sensitive immediate-early protein was eliminated by the same heat treatment which eliminates its transcriptional activating function, whereas the binding of the wild-type protein was unaffected by heat treatment. Thus, site-specific binding requires a functionally active immediate-early protein. Furthermore, immediate-early-protein-dependent in vitro transcription from the major late promoter was preferentially inhibited by oligonucleotides which are homologous to the high-affinity binding sites on the major late or hsp 70 promoters. These observations suggest that transcriptional stimulation by the immediate-early protein involves binding to cis-acting elements.
Keywords
MedicineBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Nucleic Acids ResearchDNAase footprinting a simple method for the detection of protein-DNA binding specificity
2,120 Citations1978David J. Galas, Albert Schmitz
Nucleic Acids ResearchA gel electrophoresis method for quantifying the binding of proteins to specific DNA regions: application to components of the Escherichia coli lactose operon regulatory system
2,022 Citations1981Mark M. Garner, Arnold Revzin
It is demonstrated that even when pre-formed in the presence of CAP-cAMP, the polymerase-promoter open complex becomes unstable if CAP is then selectively removed, and this gel method is applied to the study of the E. coli lactose operon regulatory system.
CellInteraction of a gene-specific transcription factor with the adenovirus major late promoter upstream of the TATA box region
1,240 Citations1985M Sawadogo
Dissociation rate measurements indicate a cooperative interaction between USF and TFIID when simultaneously bound to the promoter DNA.
Genes & DevelopmentTrans-acting protein factors and the regulation of eukaryotic transcription: lessons from studies on DNA tumor viruses.
736 Citations1988N C Jones, Peter Rigby +1 more
It is now clear that many promoters, particularly those of 'housekeeping' genes, lack TATA boxes and are instead composed of GC-rich elements that are often located within methylation-free islands (Bird 1986).
CellIdentification of a cellular transcription factor involved in E1A trans-activation
555 Citations1986Imre Kovesdi, Ronald R. Reichel +1 more
The results suggest that the E2 binding activity is a cellular transcriptional factor, the concentration or binding activity of which increases as a result of the action of the E1A gene product.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyFactors involved in specific transcription by mammalian RNA polymerase II: purification, genetic specificity, and TATA box-promoter interactions of TFIID.
477 Citations1988Noboru Nakajima, M Horikoshi +1 more
Annual Review of GeneticsADENOVIRUS PROMOTERS AND E1A TRANSACTIVATION
465 Citations1986Arnold Berk
The E3, E4, IVa2, IX, and E2 LATE Promoter Element Required for Transactivation, and Evidence Suggests an increase in the Amount of Limiting Transcription Factors is suggested.
SciencePhysical Analysis of Transcription Preinitiation Complex Assembly on a Class II Gene Promoter
320 Citations1988Michael W. Van Dyke, Robert G. Roeder +1 more
The experiments indicated that the assembly of functionally active RNA polymerase II-containing transcription preinitiation complexes requires a complete set of transcription factors, and that both specific protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions are involved.
CellDefinition of multiple, functionally distinct TATA elements, one of which is a target in the hsp70 promoter for E1A regulation
290 Citations1988M. Celeste Simon, T M Fisch +3 more
It is concluded that the target for E1A induction of the hsp70 promoter is TATAA, and that multiple functionally distinct TATA elements, and presumably cognate transcription factors, can be distinguished in eukaryotic cells.
CellFunctional domains of adenovirus type 5 E1a proteins
281 Citations1987James W. Lillie, Paul M. Loewenstein +2 more
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesA cellular protein, activating transcription factor, activates transcription of multiple E1A-inducible adenovirus early promoters.
269 Citations1987K A Lee, T Y Hai +5 more
It is demonstrated here that E4F1 and E2A-EF have identical DNA-binding specificity, which indicates a significant role for ATF in E1A-mediated transcriptional activation.
Journal of Virologytrans-activation and autoregulation of gene expression by the immediate-early region 2 gene products of human cytomegalovirus
238 Citations1988Marie C. Pizzorno, Peter O’Hare +3 more
It is shown that one of the phosphorylated nuclear proteins encoded by this region behaves as a powerful but nonspecific trans-activator of gene expression, and the IE2 gene product(s) appear likely to be key control proteins involved in gene regulation during HCMV infection.
NatureA TATA box implicated in E1A transcriptional activation of a simple adenovirus 2 promoter
228 Citations1987Lily Wu, Debra S. E. Rosser +2 more
A detailed mutational analysis of the adenovirus E1B promoter was undertaken to define the DNA sequences required for proper basal transcription and E1A transactivation, and two key findings emerged: first the E 1B promoter is an unusually simple RNA polymerase II promoter requiring only two sequence elements for proper regulation, the TATA box2 and a binding site for transcription factor Sp13,4.
CellActivation of transcription factor IIIC by the adenovirus E1A protein
197 Citations1988Warren K. Hoeffler, Robert Kovelman +1 more
The in vitro interconversion of the two forms ofTFIIIC by phosphatase treatment suggests that transcriptional activation of RNA polymerase III genes can be mediated by phosphorylation of TFIIIC.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyFactors Involved in Specific Transcription by Mammalian RNA Polymerase II: Purification, Genetic Specificity, and TATA Box-Promoter Interactions of TFIID
184 Citations1988Noboru Nakajima, Masami Horikoshi +1 more
Results indicate either that there are different forms of TFIID or that a single TFIIDs can interact differently with distinct promoters.
CellTranscriptional regulation by the immediate early protein of pseudorabies virus during in vitro nucleosome assembly
183 Citations1988Jerry L. Workman, Susan M. Abmayr +2 more
Results indicate that IE stimulates TFIID binding to promoter sequences, effectively competing with nucleosomes, during chromatin reconstitution, and the general implications for cellular gene regulation are discussed.
Genes & DevelopmentThe pseudorabies immediate early protein stimulates in vitro transcription by facilitating TFIID: promoter interactions.
166 Citations1988Susan M. Abmayr, Jerry L. Workman +1 more
It is suggested that the pseudorabies virus immediate early (IE) protein accentuated the rate or extent of formation of a preinitiation complex involving the TATA factor, rather than subsequent initiation or elongation steps, thus making TFIID: promoter interactions limiting for transcription.
Nucleic Acids ResearchAssociation of the herpes simplex virus regulatory protein ICP4 with specific nucleotide sequences in DNA
165 Citations1986Steve W. Faber, K W Wilcox
It is proposed that the sequence 5'-ATCGTCNNNNYCGRC-3' (N = any base; Y = pyrimidine; R = purine) forms an essential component of the ICP4/protein binding site.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesAlpha 4, the major regulatory protein of herpes simplex virus type 1, is stably and specifically associated with promoter-regulatory domains of alpha genes and of selected other viral genes.
156 Citations1986Thomas M. Kristie, Bernard Roizman
The alpha 4 protein, therefore, forms stable complexes with promoter-regulatory domains of alpha genes and of selected other herpes simplex virus type 1 genes either alone or in combination with other proteins.
ScienceA Genetic Approach to Promoter Recognition During trans Induction of Viral Gene Expression
152 Citations1986Donald M. Coen, Steven P. Weinheimer +1 more
A comprehensive set of mutations was introduced into the chromosome of herpes simplex virus at the tk promoter to directly analyze the effects of promoter mutations on tk transcription and suggest that trans induction of tk expression may be catalyzed initially by the interaction of viral regulatory proteins with cellular transcription factors.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesActivation of early adenovirus transcription by the herpesvirus immediate early gene: evidence for a common cellular control factor.
148 Citations1982L T Feldman, Michael J. Imperiale +1 more
It is argued that the activation, either by the E1A protein or the herpesvirus immediately early protein, most likely occurs indirectly through interaction with a cellular protein rather than by a direct recognition of regulatory sequences at the adenovirus promoters.
ScienceThe DNA-Binding Properties of the Major Regulatory Protein α4 of Herpes Simplex Viruses
142 Citations1988Nancy Michael, David J. Spector +3 more
This report shows that thealpha 4 protein forms specific complexes with DNA fragments derived from 5' transcribed noncoding domains of late (gamma 2) genes whose expression requires viral DNA synthesis as well as functional alpha 4 protein.
VirologyCharacterization of the immediate-early functions of pseudorabies virus
134 Citations1983Shinji Ihara, L. Feldman +2 more
It is concluded that pseudorabies virus codes for a single multifunctional immediate-early protein which is essential for the transcription of immediate- early to early RNA and is required for the continuous transcription of early (and late) RNA.
VirologyCharacterization of transcription-deficient temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1
94 Citations1978Roger J. Watson, J. Barklie Clements
Six DNA-negative, temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 have been characterized by analyses of the nuclear and cytoplasmic transcripts synthesized in cells infected at the restrictive temperature, suggesting that at least two viral products are required to progress from the immediate-early to the early stage of transcription.
The EMBO JournalDNA‐binding properties of an adenovirus 289R E1A protein.
77 Citations1988Pranam Chatterjee, Mark W. Bruner +2 more
Identification of the sites of covalent attachment of 32P‐labelled oligonucleotides by partial proteolysis of the crosslinked E1A protein indicated that the interaction of this protein with DNA is mediated via domain(s) in the C‐terminal half of the protein.
Nucleic Acids ResearchAssociation of herpes simplex virus regulatory protein ICP4 with sequences spanning the ICP4 gene transcription initiation site
63 Citations1988Steve W. Faber, K W Wilcox
ICP4 is a component of a stable complex that contains protein and a sequence of approximately 28 nucleotides that span the ICP4 gene transcription initiation site that is associated with DNA sequences between positions -103 and +32 relative to the I CP4 mRNA start site.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyFactors responsible for the higher transcriptional activity of extracts of adenovirus-infected cells fractionate with the TATA box transcription factor.
60 Citations1988Kelsey Leong, Lydie Brunet +1 more
CellIn vitro stimulation of specific RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription by the pseudorabies virus immediate early protein
46 Citations1985Susan M. Abmayr, L. Feldman +1 more
An in vitro system that mimics, at least in part, the in vivo stimulatory action of the PRV IE protein is demonstrated, implying that the IE protein acts not by increasing the amounts of cellular transcription factors, but rather by directly or indirectly altering their activities.
ScienceActivation of Adenovirus Promoters by the Adenovirus E1A Protein in Cell-Free Extracts
40 Citations1987Rudolph Spangler, Mark W. Bruner +2 more
The results show that the E1A protein specifically stimulates transcription from adenovirus promoters; thus, the induction of cellular transcription factors is not necessary to explain the stimulation of transcription by E 1A.
Molecular and Cellular BiologyFactors Responsible for the Higher Transcriptional Activity of Extracts of Adenovirus-Infected Cells Fractionate with the TATA Box Transcription Factor
35 Citations1988Kelsey Leong, Lydie Brunet +1 more
Results are consistent with the model that E1A protein indirectly activates the TATA box transcription factor and mutants of the major late promoter containing only the Tata box and cap site region were transcribed at higher rates with extracts from virus-infected cells than with extracts of mock- infected cells.
Journal of VirologyRole for DNA-protein interaction in activation of the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D gene
29 Citations1988D G Tedder, Lewis I. Pizer
In vitro transcription from a gD promoter construct containing multiple binding sites showed increased RNA synthesis in the presence of partially purified ICP4, providing the first direct evidence that binding of I CP4 to a specific DNA sequence in the gD gene contributes to activation of transcription.
VirologyActivation and inhibition of expression of the 72,000-da early protein of adenovirus type 5 in mouse cells constitutively expressing an immediate early protein of herpes simplex virus type 1
26 Citations1985Michel L. Tremblay, Siu‐Pok Yee +4 more
The effect of one of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) immediate early genes, ICP4, on Ad5 early gene expression has been examined and a marked inhibition of 72K expression was observed and this inhibition correlated with the amount of I CP4 present.
Journal of VirologyBinding of the pseudorabies virus immediate-early protein to single-stranded DNA
21 Citations1987Caryl A. Chlan, Cynthia L. Coulter +1 more
Wild-type and temperature-sensitive immediate-early proteins bound to nonspecific single-stranded DNA columns with similar affinities at both 0 and 40 degrees C, and affinity for single-Stranded DNA did not appear to be dependent on the phosphorylation state nor on the presence of mammalian cell factors.
Journal of Biological ChemistryThe use of monoclonal antibodies for the characterization of a 5 S gene-specific transcription factor (IIIA) from Xenopus laevis.
20 Citations1983A. Krämer, Robert G. Roeder
Binding of the antibodies toTFIIIA does not interfere with the function of the factor during transcription initiation, and it was found that transcriptionally active TFIIIA could be purified to greater than 95% homogeneity from ovarian extracts using an antibody coupled to Sepharose.
Journal of VirologyEffects of a temperature-sensitive mutation in the immediate-early gene of pseudorabies virus on class II and class III gene transcription
18 Citations1987S E Ahlers, L T Feldman
The tsG mutation inhibits the formation of new transcription complexes on class II genes, but does not affect transcription from preestablished transcription complexes formed in the presence or absence of the adenovirus E1A protein, suggesting that the temperature-sensitive IEP is involved in some physical interaction which actively inhibits transcription of viral genes.
Journal of VirologyImmediate-early protein of pseudorabies virus is not continuously required to reinitiate transcription of induced genes
15 Citations1987S E Ahlers, L T Feldman
The results suggest that immediate-early protein function is required only for the initial activation of early gene transcription and is not required for multiple reinitiation events from activated early genes.