Postnatal depression and its effects on child development: a review of evidence from low- and middle-income countries
British Medical BulletinPublished 29 November 2011
Christine E. Parsons, Katherine S. Young, Tamsen Rochat, Morten L. Kringelbach, Alan Stein
Citations390
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.01
SNIP2.68
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
There is a compelling case for the implementation of interventions to reduce the impact of PND on the quality of the mother-infant relationship and improve child outcomes.
Abstract
Nonetheless, there is a compelling case for the implementation of interventions to reduce the impact of PND on the quality of the mother-infant relationship and improve child outcomes.
Keywords
PsychologyMedicine
The LancetGlobal mortality, disability, and the contribution of risk factors: Global Burden of Disease Study
4,476 Citations1997Christopher J L Murray, Alan D López
The three leading contributors to the burden of disease are communicable and perinatal disorders affecting children, and the substantial burdens of neuropsychiatric disorders and injuries are under-recognised.
The LancetDevelopmental potential in the first 5 years for children in developing countries
3,616 Citations2007Sally Grantham‐McGregor, Yin Bun Cheung +4 more
International Review of PsychiatryRates and risk of postpartum depression—a meta-analysis
3,155 Citations1996Michael W. O’Hara, Annette Swain
JAMANeuroscience, Molecular Biology, and the Childhood Roots of Health Disparities
2,276 Citations2009Jack P. Shonkoff, W. Thomas Boyce +1 more
Handbook of infant development
2,272 Citations1979Joy D. Osofsky
The LancetChild development: risk factors for adverse outcomes in developing countries
2,105 Citations2007Susan Walker, Theodore D. Wachs +5 more
The evidence is sufficient to warrant interventions for malaria, intrauterine growth restriction, maternal depression, exposure to violence, and exposure to heavy metals, including iron deficiency anaemia.
Psychological BulletinLess is more: Meta-analyses of sensitivity and attachment interventions in early childhood.
1,867 Citations2003Marian J. Bakermans‐Kranenburg, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn +1 more
The most effective interventions used a moderate number of sessions and a clear-cut behavioral focus in families with, as well as without, multiple problems, which supports the notion of a causal role of sensitivity in shaping attachment.
General Hospital PsychiatryAntenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a synthesis of recent literature
1,846 Citations2004Emma Robertson, Sherry L. Grace +2 more
Critical appraisal of the literature revealed a number of methodological and knowledge gaps that need to be addressed in future research, including examining specific risk factors in women of lower socioeconomic status, risk factors pertaining to teenage mothers, and the use of appropriate instruments assessing postpartum depression for use within different cultural groups.
Social Science & MedicinePoverty and common mental disorders in low and middle income countries: A systematic review
1,311 Citations2010Crick Lund, Alison Breen +6 more
The debate is attempted to shift the debate from questions about whether poverty is associated with CMD in LMIC, to questions about which particular dimensions of poverty carry the strongest (or weakest) association.
BMJCohort study of depressed mood during pregnancy and after childbirth
1,295 Citations2001Jonathan Evans, Jon Heron +3 more
Symptom scores from the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale at 18 and 32 weeks of pregnancy and 8 weeks and 8 months postpartum and research and clinical efforts need to be moved towards understanding, recognising, and treating antenatal depression.
The LancetCognitive behaviour therapy-based intervention by community health workers for mothers with depression and their infants in rural Pakistan: a cluster-randomised controlled trial
963 Citations2008Atıf Rahman, Abid Malik +3 more
This cognitive behaviour therapy-based intervention delivered by community-based primary health workers in rural Pakistan has the potential to be integrated into health systems in resource-poor settings.
Journal of Affective DisordersCross-cultural and social diversity of prevalence of postpartum depression and depressive symptoms
783 Citations2006Uriel Halbreich, Sandhya Karkun
The widely cited mean prevalence of PPD-10-15% is not representative of the actual global prevalence and magnitude of the problem, due to the wide range of reports.
American Journal of PsychiatryGender, Poverty, and Postnatal Depression: A Study of Mothers in Goa, India
768 Citations2002Vikram Patel, Merlyn M. Rodrigues +1 more
Maternal and infant health policies, a priority in low-income countries, must integrate maternal depression as a disorder of public health significance and incorporate a strong gender-based component.
International Food Policy Research Institute eBooksExplaining Child Malnutrition in Developing Countries: A Cross-Country Analysis
714 Citations2000Lisa C. Smith, Lawrence James Haddad
This research report examines the success of the efforts of the past 25 years to reduce preschooler undernutrition and uses an econometric model to identify the factors associated with the reduction in undernutrition.
Archives of General PsychiatryImpact of Maternal Depression on Infant Nutritional Status and Illness
664 Citations2004Atıf Rahman, Zafar Iqbal +3 more
Maternal depression in the prenatal and postnatal periods predicts poorer growth and higher risk of diarrhea in a community sample of infants in a low-income country.
Psychological MedicineAffective disorders in five United States communities
640 Citations1988Myrna M. Weissman, Philip J. Leaf +5 more
The LancetEffect of a participatory intervention with women's groups on birth outcomes and maternal depression in Jharkhand and Orissa, India: a cluster-randomised controlled trial
495 Citations2010Prasanta Tripathy, Nirmala Nair +13 more
This intervention could be used with or as a potential alternative to health-worker-led interventions, and presents new opportunities for policy makers to improve maternal and newborn health outcomes in poor populations.
Development and PsychopathologyEffective treatment for postpartum depression is not sufficient to improve the developing mother–child relationship
489 Citations2007David Forman, Michael W. O’Hara +4 more
Treatment for depression in the postpartum period should target the mother–infant relationship in addition to the mothers' depressive symptoms, and early maternal negative perceptions of the child predicted negative temperament and behavior problems 18 months after treatment.
Bulletin of the World Health OrganizationMaternal depression and early childhood growth in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis
445 Citations2011Pamela J. Surkan, Caitlin E. Kennedy +2 more
Maternal depression was associated with early childhood underweight and stunting in the children of depressed mothers and early identification, treatment and prevention of maternal depression may help reduce child stunting and underweight in developing countries.
Nursing ResearchA Meta-Analysis of Predictors of Postpartum Depression
438 Citations1996Cheryl Tatano Beck
A meta-analysis of 44 studies was conducted to determine the magnitude of the relationship between postpartum depression and each of the following predictor variables: prenatal depression, history of previous depression, social support, life stress, child care stress, maternity blues, marital satisfaction, and prenatal anxiety.
The British Journal of PsychiatryPost-partum depression and the mother-infant relationship in a South African peri-urban settlement
430 Citations1999Peter Cooper, Mark Tomlinson +4 more
The rate of post-partum depression in Khayelitsha was around three times that found in British post- partum samples, and these depressions were strongly associated with disturbances in the mother–infant relationship.
BMJImproving quality of mother-infant relationship and infant attachment in socioeconomically deprived community in South Africa: randomised controlled trial
427 Citations2009P. J. M. Cooper, M. Tomlinson +6 more
The intervention, delivered by local lay women, had a significant positive impact on the quality of the mother-infant relationship and on security of infant attachment, factors known to predict favourable child development.
The British Journal of PsychiatryThe Relationship between Post-natal Depression and Mother–Child Interaction
417 Citations1991Alan Stein, Dennis Gath +4 more
Social and marital difficulties were associated with reduced quality of mother-child interaction and in a subgroup of index mothers and children where the mother had recovered from depression by 19 months.
Psychological MedicineLife events, social support and depression in childbirth: perspectives from a rural community in the developing world
397 Citations2003Atıf Rahman, Zafar Iqbal +1 more
Over one-quarter of mothers in a rural sub-district of Pakistan suffer from depression shortly before and after childbirth, suggesting Rapidly changing traditional family structures and practices may be increasing the risk of depression in many women.
Infant Behavior and DevelopmentPrenatal depression effects on the fetus and the newborn
377 Citations2004Tiffany Field, Miguel Diego +6 more
Prenatal mood and biochemistry levels were assessed and the newborns of depressed mothers had less optimal habituation, orientation, motor, range of state, autonomic stability and depressed scores, thus mimicking their mothers prenatal levels.
The British Journal of PsychiatryPost-partum depression in a cohort of women from a rural area of Tamil Nadu, India
361 Citations2002Mani Chandran, Prathap Tharyan +2 more
Depression occurred as frequently during late pregnancy and after delivery as in developed countries, but there were cultural differences in risk factors.
Archives of Disease in ChildhoodPostnatal depression and infant growth and development in low income countries: a cohort study from Goa, India
347 Citations2002Vikram Patel
BMC PsychiatryPostnatal depression in Southern Brazil: prevalence and its demographic and socioeconomic determinants
335 Citations2008Leila Tannous, Luciana Petrucci Gigante +2 more
The prevalence of PND is higher than the Figures found in most developed countries and similar to the figures found in developing countries, and differences in PND by regions or countries can be partially explained by the effect of income on the mediation of risk factors.
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchAn international study exploring levels of postpartum depressive symptomatology
327 Citations2000Dyanne D. Affonso, Anindya K. De +2 more
BirthImpact of Postnatal Depression on Breastfeeding Duration
299 Citations2003Jennifer Henderson, Sharon Evans +3 more
Postnatal depression has a significant negative impact on breastfeeding duration and assistance with breastfeeding issues should be included in the management of postnatal depression.
Journal of Affective DisordersPre- and postnatal psychological wellbeing in Africa: A systematic review
287 Citations2009Alexandra Sawyer, Susan Ayers +1 more
It is demonstrated that maternal mental health disorders are prevalent in African women, and the importance of maternalmental health care being integrated into future maternal and infant health policies in African countries is highlighted.
Revista de Saúde PúblicaHealth and psychosocial effects of flexible working hours
287 Citations2004Daniela Janßen, Friedhelm Nachreiner
Recommendations for an appropriate design of flexible working hours should be developed in order to minimize any impairing effects on health and psychosocial well-being, and that variability in flexible workinghours should be kept low (or at least moderate), even if this variability is company controlled.
Research in Nursing & HealthDepression, perceived stress, and social support among first‐time Chinese mothers and fathers in the postpartum period
277 Citations2008Lingling Gao, Sally Wai‐Chi Chan +1 more
Perceived stress, social support, and partner's depression were significantly associated with depression in first-time mothers and fathers in mainland China.
Clinical Psychology ReviewAttachment security A meta-analysis of maternal mental health correlates
275 Citations2000Leslie Atkinson
This meta-analysis addresses the association between attachment security and each of three maternal mental health correlates in mother-child pairs and discusses measurement issues (specifically, overreliance on self-report inventories) and the need to study the correlates of change in attachment security, rather than just the correlate of attachment security per se.
Journal of Affective DisordersDetecting perinatal common mental disorders in Ethiopia: Validation of the self-reporting questionnaire and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
275 Citations2007Charlotte Hanlon, Girmay Medhin +8 more
The SRQ-20 was superior to EPDS across all domains for evaluating cultural equivalence and showed validity as a dimensional measure of perinatal CMD in this rural, low-income setting.
Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaIdentifying women at‐risk for postpartum depression in the immediate postpartum period
267 Citations2004Cindy‐Lee Dennis, Patricia A. Janssen +1 more
To develop a multifactorial predictive model of depressive symptomatology in the first week postpartum in order to assist in targeted screening procedures.
Journal of Epidemiology & Community HealthMaternal mental health and child nutritional status in four developing countries
265 Citations2005Trudy Harpham, Sharon Huttly +2 more
There was a relation between high maternal CMD and poor child nutritional status in India and Vietnam, however, the findings from Peru and Ethiopia do not provide clear evidence for a similar association being present in non-Asian countries.
Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaAssociation between antenatal depression and low birthweight in a developing country
258 Citations2006Atıf Rahman, James Bunn +2 more
Examination of the association between antenatal depression and low birthweight in infants in a rural community in Rawalpindi, Pakistan found a high prevalence of depression in south Asian women.
Child DevelopmentThe Mother–Infant Relationship and Infant Attachment in a South African Peri-Urban Settlement
253 Citations2005Mark Tomlinson, Peter Cooper +1 more
The quality of the early mother-infant relationship remained important, but maternal depression was no longer predictive, and cross-cultural differences and consistencies in the development of attachment are discussed.
Archives of Women s Mental HealthPostpartum depression: prevalence and determinants in Lebanon
234 Citations2002Monique Chaaya, Oona M. R. Campbell +4 more
The overall prevalence of PPD was 21% but was significantly lower in Beirut than the Beka'a Valley (16% vs. 26%).
Archives of Disease in ChildhoodMaternal postnatal depression and children's growth and behaviour during the early years of life: exploring the interaction between physical and mental health
227 Citations2010Bilal Iqbal Avan, Linda Richter +3 more
Maternal postnatal depression is associated with later child behaviour problems independent of the socioeconomic status of the family, and this association is mediated by the child's growth, demonstrating the importance of considering a child's physical and mental health together.
Psychological MedicineDepression and social stress in Pakistan
218 Citations2000Nusrat Husain, Francis Creed +1 more
The high prevalence of depressive disorders in Pakistan is confirmed and it is suggested that this may be higher than other developing countries because of the high proportion of the population who experience social adversity.
Journal of Affective DisordersDetecting postnatal common mental disorders in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Kessler Scales
218 Citations2009Markos Tesfaye, Charlotte Hanlon +2 more
The EPDS, K6 and K10 all demonstrated acceptable clinical utility as screening scales for postnatal CMD in an urban setting in Ethiopia and the marked urban-rural difference in EPDS performance within Ethiopia highlights the difficulty of applying urban-validated instruments to rural settings in LAMIC.
Social Science & MedicineListening to mothers: qualitative studies on motherhood and depression from Goa, India
210 Citations2003Merlyn M. Rodrigues, Vikram Patel +2 more
The study provides validity for the construct of PND in an Indian setting, but also shows that the emotional distress is interpreted from the context of social adversity, poor marital relationships and cultural attitudes towards gender rather than a biomedical psychiatric category.
PubMedValidation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale on a cohort of South African women.
210 Citations1998Theresa A Lawrie, G Justus Hofmeyr +2 more
The EPDS, administered verbally, is a valid screening instrument in this urban South African community and validated against the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) criteria for depression.
JAMADepression Among Pregnant Rural South African Women Undergoing HIV Testing
200 Citations2006Tamsen Rochat, Linda Richter +4 more
Little is known about the rates of depression among women undergoing HIV testing in prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs (PMTCT) and whether these perceptions were related to depression status.
Child Care Health and DevelopmentThe influence of maternal depression, caregiving, and socioeconomic status in the post‐natal year on children's language development
198 Citations2008Alan Stein, Lars‐Erik Malmberg +4 more
Examination of whether maternal depression and maternal caregiving during the first year of life are associated with children's subsequent language development found that depression was associated with poorer caregiving but was not independently associated with language.
Archives of Women s Mental HealthPrevalence and social correlates of postnatal depression in a low income country
195 Citations2006Nusrat Husain, Irene Bevc +4 more
There is a high prevalence of postnatal depression in Pakistani women and early interventions should be developed that target the antenatal period and strengthen social support networks in women at risk.
Journal of Affective DisordersImpact of postnatal depression on infants' growth in Nigeria
184 Citations2007Abiodun O. Adewuya, Bolanle Ola +3 more
Prevention of postnatal depression and close monitoring of the growth of infants of depressed mothers should be integrated into maternal and child health policies in this region.
PubMedPostpartum major depression at six weeks in primary health care: prevalence and associated factors.
184 Citations2006Juliet Nakku, Grace Nakasi +1 more
There is indication for routine screening of at risk women in the peri-natal period to avoid, recognize and manage postpartum psychiatric morbidity and its consequence on mothers and their developing children.
Child Care Health and DevelopmentMothers’ mental health and infant growth: a case–control study from Rawalpindi, Pakistan
176 Citations2003Atıf Rahman, Hermione Lovel +3 more
Exposure to maternal mental distress is associated with undernutrition in 9-month infants in urban Pakistan, and these mothers may represent a group whose children are at higher risk of ill health, and potentially be a specific target for advice on infant care.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological ResearchPrenatal and postnatal depression among low income Brazilian women
176 Citations1998V. A. Da-Silva, A.R. Moraes-Santos +3 more
The prevalence rate of 12% observed for depression in the third month postpartum is comparable to that of studies from other countries, and the period of pregnancy may be susceptible to socio-environmental factors that induce depression, such as the lack of affective support from the partner.
PubMedAntenatal psychosocial risk factors associated with adverse postpartum family outcomes.
169 Citations1996Lynn Wilson, Anthony Reid +4 more
Psychosocial risk factors during the antenatal period may herald postpartum morbidity and research is required to determine whether detection of these risk factors may lead to interventions that improve post partum family outcomes.
BMC Public HealthPrevalence and predictors of undernutrition among infants aged six and twelve months in Butajira, Ethiopia: The P-MaMiE Birth Cohort
160 Citations2010Girmay Medhin, Charlotte Hanlon +6 more
There was a high prevalence of undernutrition in the first year of infancy in this rural Ethiopia population, with significant gender imbalance, and the importance of prenatal maternal nutritional status and household sanitary facilities as potential targets for intervention was highlighted.
Tropical Medicine & International HealthThe neglected ‘m’ in MCH programmes – why mental health of mothers is important for child nutrition
159 Citations2008Atıf Rahman, Vikram Patel +2 more
It is proposed that promoting maternal mental health and treating maternal mental illness offer important new opportunities to tackle the twin scourges of maternal ill‐health and child undernutrition.
Revista de Saúde PúblicaPrevalência da depressão pós-parto e fatores associados
157 Citations2006Inácia Gomes da Silva Moraes, Ricardo Tavares Pinheiro +4 more
Os achados sugerem that baixas condicoes socioeconomicas de vida da puerpera e a nao aceitacao da gravidez sao elementos-chave no desenvolvimento da depressao pos-parto no analise multivariada.
Infant Mental Health JournalMaternal depression: A review of relevant treatment approaches for mothers and infants
151 Citations2006Kimberly J. Nylen, Tracy E. Moran +2 more
It is concluded that mother-infant psychotherapies and home-based interventions are generally efficacious in their goal of ameliorating detrimental consequences for children of depressed mothers.
Child Care Health and DevelopmentCan maternal depression increase infant risk of illness and growth impairment in developing countries?
147 Citations2002Atıf Rahman, Richard Harrington +1 more
It is hypothesize that the level of care provided by mothers with depression may put their infants at higher risk of infection and impaired growth, compared with infants of mothers without depression.
The British Journal of PsychiatryMaternal psychological morbidity and low birth weight in India
147 Citations2006Vikram Patel, Martin Prince
It is found that maternal psychological morbidity has an adverse impact on foetal growth and is associated with poor child growth in developing countries.
Psychological MedicineLife events, difficulties and depression among women in an urban setting in Zimbabwe
146 Citations1998Jeremy Broadhead, Melanie Abas
Results indicate a common mechanism for the development of depression, as defined by international criteria, between Zimbabwe and London, and the high frequency of severe events, and their especially adverse qualities, offer an explanation for the high incidence of depression in Harare.
Research and theory for nursing practiceA Longitudinal Study of Maternal Postpartum Depression Symptoms
145 Citations2004June Andrews Horowitz, Janice H. Goodman
Initial decrease in depression scores suggests that postpartum depression symptoms posed a time-limited problem for many women with peak occurrence from 4 to 8 weeks after delivery, however, for manyWomen depression symptoms persisted at 2 years after delivery.
Archives of Disease in ChildhoodMaternal depression and low maternal intelligence as risk factors for malnutrition in children: a community based case-control study from South India
144 Citations2004S. Anoop
Evidence is found for an association between postpartum maternal depression, low maternal intelligence, and low birth weight with malnutrition in children aged 6–12 months in rural South India.
Archives of Disease in ChildhoodMaternal depression increases infant risk of diarrhoeal illness: -a cohort study
143 Citations2006Atıf Rahman, James Bunn +2 more
Maternal depression is associated with infant diarrhoeal morbidity in a low-income community settingIndependent of the effects of known factors such as undernutrition, socioeconomic status and parental education, the association remained significant after adjustment for other risk factors by multivariate analysis.
American Journal of Clinical NutritionMaternal depressive symptoms and infant growth in rural Bangladesh
139 Citations2009Maureen M. Black, Abdullah H Baqui +3 more
The finding that infants of mothers with depressive symptoms in Bangladesh experience poor linear growth may extend to other low-income countries with high rates of food insecurity.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyPostnatal depression in Turkey: epidemiological and cultural aspects
136 Citations2002Ayşen Esen Danacı, Gönül Dinç +3 more
The findings revealed that the prevalence of postnatal depression in the Manisa province and the factors affecting it were very similar to other studies; but the negative impact of bad relations of the mother with her family-in-law on postnatal Depression seems to be a distinguishing aspect of Turkish culture.
International Journal of Nursing StudiesValidation of the Mainland Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in Chengdu mothers
134 Citations2010Ying Lau, Yuqiong Wang +3 more
The data confirm the validity of the Mainland Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in identifying postnatal depression among postnatal women in Chengdu by using >10 cut-off point and it is recommended that the EPDS be used in routine postnatal screening.
BMJScreening for postnatal depression in primary care: cost effectiveness analysis
134 Citations2009Mike Paulden, Stephen Palmer +2 more
Formal identification methods for postnatal depression do not currently satisfy the National Screening Committee’s criteria for the adoption of a screening strategy as part of national health policy.
Social Science & MedicineFetal gender and postpartum depression in a cohort of Chinese women
127 Citations2007Ri‐hua Xie, Guoping He +4 more
The risk of postpartum depression is increased in Chinese women who give birth to a female infant as compared to those who gaveBirth to a male infant, and it is speculated that this is associated with the negative reactions of family members towards the birth of a female baby.
Archives of Women s Mental HealthCohort study of depressive moods in Thai women during late pregnancy and 6–8 weeks of postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
123 Citations2005N. Limlomwongse, Tippawan Liabsuetrakul
One-fifth of pregnant and postpartum women experienced depressive moods but the severity declined at postpartums, and the depressive moodS were significantly reduced postnatally.
PubMedThe public mental health significance of research on socio-economic factors in schizophrenia and major depression.
123 Citations2005Benedetto Saraceno, Itzhak Levav +1 more
The epidemiological research evidence on the role of socio-economic factors in the origins and disease experience of schizophrenia and major depression is reviewed and community-based interventions that have to be guided by principles of equity in the distribution of resources and grounded in biopsychosocial models of care are provided.
Archives of Women s Mental HealthPrevalence of postpartum depression in a Moroccan sample
121 Citations2005Mohamed Agoub, Driss Moussaoui +1 more
Postnatal visits were effective in the identification of Moroccan depressed mothers and depressive disorder was significantly associated with pregnancy complications, stressful life events during pregnancy, baby's health problems, and poor marital relationship.
BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & GynaecologyPrevalence, nature, severity and correlates of postpartum depressive symptoms in Vietnam
121 Citations2004Jane Fisher, Marina Morrow +2 more
The aim is to examine depressive symptomatology in women after childbirth in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and find out if it is related to post-partum depression or not.
Archives of Women s Mental HealthValidation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale among women in a high HIV prevalence area in urban Zimbabwe
120 Citations2009Dixon Chibanda, Walter Mangezi +7 more
The Shona version of the EPDS is a reliable and valid tool to screen for PND among HIV-infected and un- Infected women in Zimbabwe and should be integrated into routine antenatal and postnatal care in areas with high HIV prevalence.
Archives of Disease in ChildhoodThe effect of early stimulation on maternal depression: a cluster randomised controlled trial
118 Citations2005Helen Baker‐Henningham
A home visiting intervention with mothers of undernourished children, with a primary aim of improving child development, had significant benefits for maternal depression.
Journal of Child Psychology and PsychiatryMaternal Depressive Symptoms Affect Infant Cognitive Development in Barbados
116 Citations2000Janina R. Galler, Robert H. Harrison +3 more
The combination of diminished infant feeding intensity and maternal depression predicted delays in infant social development, demonstrating the need to carefully monitor maternal moods during the postpartum period, in order to maximize the benefits of breast-feeding and related health programs to infant cognitive development.
Child Care Health and DevelopmentPost‐partum depression and infant growth in a South African peri‐urban settlement
115 Citations2006Mark Tomlinson, Peter Cooper +3 more
Although maternal depression at 2 months was found to be associated with lower infant weight at 18 months, when birthweight was considered this effect disappeared and no clear effect of post-partum depression on infant growth was found.
Tropical Medicine & International HealthShort communication: Detecting depression after pregnancy: the validity of the K10 and K6 in Burkina Faso
114 Citations2007Rebecca F. Baggaley, Rasmané Ganaba +6 more
The validity of the K10 and K6 scales for the detection of postnatal depression in Burkina Faso is described.
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchPsychosocial factors associated with the early termination of breast-feeding
110 Citations1993Peter Cooper, Lynne Murray +1 more
There was a significant association with depressive disorder which in the great majority preceded the cessation of breast-feeding and low social class, being young and lower educational attainment were of importance.
Journal of Affective DisordersPrediction of depression in the postpartum period: a longitudinal follow-up study in high-risk and low-risk women
108 Citations2002Gerda Verkerk, Victor J.M. Pop +2 more
Women at high risk and low risk for depression during the early postpartum period can be detected during pregnancy, and two risk factors were independently predictive of depression during the postpartum period: a personal history of depression, and high depressive symptomatology during mid-pregnancy.
The British Journal of PsychiatryDepressive symptoms during pregnancy and low birth weight at term
105 Citations2007Jonathan Evans, Jon Heron +2 more
There is little evidence of an independent association between depressive symptoms during pregnancy and birth weight, according to the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.
Journal of Affective DisordersPredictors of postnatal depression in an urban South African cohort
103 Citations2008Paul Ramchandani, Linda Richter +2 more
This study shows that it is possible to identify women at risk of postnatal depression during pregnancy in a developing world setting, most notably antenatal exposure to extreme societal stressors.
Journal of Family PsychologyThe impact of maternal HIV infection on parenting in inner-city African American families.
103 Citations1997Beth A. Kotchick, Rex Forehand +5 more
The results indicated that mother-child relationship quality and monitoring were important parenting factors for adaptive child psychosocial functioning, and HIV-infected mothers reported poorer mother- child relationshipquality and less monitoring of their children's activities than did noninfected Mothers.
Tropical Medicine & International HealthA controlled study of postpartum depression among Nepalese women: validation of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale in Kathmandu
102 Citations2002Shishir Regmi, Wendy Sligl +3 more
To measure the prevalence of depression amongst postpartum and non‐postpartum Nepalese women in Kathmandu using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and to assess the ease of use and validity of the scale compared with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐IV) criteria for major depression.
General Hospital PsychiatryPostnatal depression in primary care populations in Nigeria
101 Citations2006O.A. Abiodun
The EPDS should be incorporated into the maternal and child health care programs of PHC centers in developing countries in order to ensure early detection and appropriate therapeutic intervention in cases of postnatal depression.
Psychological MedicineMagnitude and contributory factors of postnatal depression: a community-based cohort study from a rural subdistrict of Bangladesh
99 Citations2008Kaniz Gausia, Colleen Fisher +2 more
The high prevalence of postnatal depression in the study was similar to other countries in the South Asian region and highlights the need for programme managers and policy makers to allocate resources and develop strategies to address PND in Bangladesh.
Revista Brasileira Ginecologia e ObstetríciaRastreamento da depressão pós-parto em mulheres atendidas pelo Programa de Saúde da Família
97 Citations2005Eliane Bezerra da Silva Cruz, Gláucia Lucena Simões +1 more
Because of its high prevalence and negative impact upon mother and child, it is worthwhile to sensitize health care professionals about the importance of PPD.
International Journal of Social PsychiatryPost-Partum Depression in the Community: a Qualitative Study From Rural South India
95 Citations2009Rogina J. S. Savarimuthu, Punitha Ezhilarasu +4 more
Many social and cultural factors have a major impact on post-partum depression, including age less than 20 or over 30 years, schooling less than five years, thoughts of aborting current pregnancy, unhappy marriage, physical abuse during current pregnancy and after childbirth.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyPostnatal depression: A comparison of African and Scottish women
95 Citations1983John Cox
A total of 183 Ugandan women were interviewed at their first visit to a rural antenatal clinic and again 6–15 weeks after childbirth, using the Luganda modification of Goldberg's Standardised Psychiatric Interview.
Maternal and Child NutritionMaternal common mental disorder and infant growth – a cross‐sectional study from Malawi
92 Citations2008Robert C. Stewart, Eric Umar +7 more
There is an association between maternal CMD and infant growth impairment in rural sub-Saharan Africa and this association was confirmed in multivariate analysis.
International Journal of Gynecology & ObstetricsPostpartum depression and traditional postpartum care in China: Role of Zuoyuezi
89 Citations2008Ellen Y. Wan, Cheryl A. Moyer +4 more
To determine the relationship between the traditional Chinese practice of post partum care, known as zuoyuezi, and postpartum depression (PPD) in China, researchers used a database of more than 100,000 cases of PPD in China to establish a causal relationship.
Jornal Brasileiro de PsiquiatriaPostpartum depression in Recife - Brazil: prevalence and association with bio-socio-demographic factors
87 Citations2010Amaury Cantilino, Carla Fonseca Zambaldi +4 more
O estudo utilizou um corte transversal e teve uma amostra de conveniencia de 400 mulheres que levavam seus bebes para ambulatorios de puericultura e que estavam entre 2 e 26 semanas de pos-parto.
RePEc: Research Papers in EconomicsExplaining child malnutrition in developing countries
86 Citations1999Lisa C. Smith, Lawrence James Haddad
This research report examines the success of the efforts of the past 25 years to reduce preschooler undernutrition and uses an econometric model to identify the factors associated with the reduction in undernutrition.
Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & GynecologyProspective study of postpartum depression in an Israeli cohort: prevalence, incidence and demographic risk factors
85 Citations1998Saralee Glasser, Vita Barell +5 more
The finding that immigrant status was the most potent demographic predictor may support the role of stressful life events in the etiology of PPD.
European Journal of Clinical NutritionMothers of undernourished Jamaican children have poorer psychosocial functioning and this is associated with stimulation provided in the home
84 Citations2003Helen Baker‐Henningham, Catherine Powell +2 more
When caring for undernourished children attention should be paid to the psychosocial status of the mother as well as the physical condition of the child, as undernutrition was found to be mainly explained by economic factors.
Journal of Developmental & Behavioral PediatricsMaternal Moods Predict Breastfeeding in Barbados
82 Citations1999Janina R. Galler, Robert H. Harrison +3 more
Depressive symptoms at 7 weeks postpartum predicted a reduced preference for breastfeeding at current and later infant ages and feeding practices did not predict maternal moods at later ages, which have important implications for public policy dealing with programs promoting breastfeeding.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyCommon mental disorder and associated factors amongst women with young infants in rural Malawi
82 Citations2009Robert C. Stewart, James Bunn +7 more
It is demonstrated that CMD is a significant health burden among women with infants in rural Malawi, and is associated with poverty, relationship difficulties, HIV infection and infant health problems.
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology researchSocial support and symptoms of postpartum depression among new mothers in Eastern Turkey
80 Citations2008Emel Ege, Sermin Timur +3 more
The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between symptoms of postpartum depression and social support in new mothers in a semi‐rural province (Malatya) of Eastern Turkey.
Journal of Community Health NursingScreening for Depression Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women
78 Citations2006Victoria Mosack, Elsie R. Shore
A standard regression analysis using previous pregnancies, history of depression, married versus nonmarried, presence of support, and breast-feeding as predictor variables did not produce statistically significant findings for predicting depression among the pregnant and postpartum women in this study.
The Journal of the American Board of Family MedicineInfluence of Parental Mental Health on Early Termination of Breast-Feeding: a Case-Control Study
78 Citations2004Olga García Falceto, Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani +1 more
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology researchClinical applications of anxiety, social support, stressors, and self‐esteem measured during pregnancy and postpartum for screening postpartum depression in Thai women
75 Citations2007Tippawan Liabsuetrakul, Arnont Vittayanont +1 more
To assess the clinical applications of anxiety, social support, stressors and self‐esteem as well as the Postpartum Depression Risk Scale (PDRS), measured during pregnancy and postpartum, for screening post partum depression.
…