The public health burden of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Africa: deriving the numbers
UCL Discovery (University College London)Published 1 January 2003
Robert W. Snow, M. Craig, Charles R. Newton, Richard W. Steketee
Citations128
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TL;DR
The authors' Pan-African malaria risk criteria is modified and the fuzzy membership model is used to delineate four areas of Africa where either there is no human settlement or zero fuzzy climate values for malaria transmission.
Abstract
In the present analysis we have modified our Pan-African malaria risk criteria and used the fuzzy membership model to delineate four areas of Africa: Class 1 (white: areas) where either there is no human settlement or zero fuzzy climate values for malaria transmission. Class 2 (yellow areas) where populations are exposed to marginal risks of malaria transmission and these risks are uncommon on an average year (fuzzy suitability greater than zero but less than 0.25). Class 3 (orange areas) where populations are exposed to a fuzzy suitability value greater than or equal to 0.25 but less than 0.75 corresponding approximately to acute seasonal transmission with a tendency toward epidemics. Finally Class 4 (brown areas) represent populations exposed to stable endemic malaria transmission which may still vary seasonaly (fuzzy suitability greater than 0.75). (excerpt)
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Medicine
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Despite the limited statistical power, the results of this study show an association between HIV infection and clinical malaria; if confirmed, this finding could be important for public health in sub-Saharan Africa.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and HygieneMalaria Morbidity Among Children Exposed to Low Seasonal Transmission in Dakar, Senegal and its Implications for Malaria Control in Tropical Africa
73 Citations1993Jean-François Trape, Evelyne Lefebvre-Zante +5 more
To measure morbidity due to malaria and to study its relationship with transmission and parasitemia in children living in an area of low malaria endemicity, a cohort study of 343 schoolchildren was undertaken during a one-year period in Dakar, Senegal.
Clinical Infectious DiseasesMalaria: Nutritional Implications
71 Citations1982Ian A. McGregor
It is expressed that, although deficiencies of some dietary factors may potentiate the resistance to malaria conferred by some genetic traits, there is as yet little convincing evidence that malnutritional states in humans materially enhance the severity or lethality of plasmodial infections.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and HygieneAn open randomized trial of artemether versus quinine in the treatment of cerebral malaria in African children
70 Citations1996Steven Murphy, Mike English +8 more
It is concluded that there would currently be no advantage in replacing quinine with artemether for the treatment of cerebral malaria in African children.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and HygieneAnalysis of repeated hemoglobin measures in full-term, normal birth weight Kenyan children between birth and four years of age. III. The Asemobo Bay Cohort Project.
70 Citations1999Peter D. McElroy, Altaf A. Lal +7 more
This is the first description of an analysis strategy specifically for repeated Hb measures collected in a longitudinal field study in Africa to facilitate improved study of time-varying covariates thought to influence pediatric anemia.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and HygieneHuman immunodeficiency virus seropositivity and malaria as risk factors for third-trimester anemia in asymptomatic pregnant women in western Kenya.
70 Citations2001Anna Maria van Eijk, J G Ayisi +7 more
Asymptomatic HIV seropositivity is an important risk factor to be considered in the differential diagnosis of maternal anemia, independent of P. falciparum parasitemia.
Tropical Medicine & International HealthSevere anaemia in Zambian children with <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> malaria
66 Citations2000Godfrey Biemba, D.E. Dolmans +3 more
Severe anaemia and cerebral malaria are highly prevalent complications of Plasmodium falciparum malaria among African children and the mechanisms of severe malarial anaemia are not known.
Tropical Medicine & International HealthPatterns in age‐specific malaria incidence in a population exposed to low levels of malaria transmission intensity
66 Citations2001Immo Kleinschmidt, Brian Sharp
The population of the northern part of the province of KwaZulu Natal in South Africa has experienced low levels of malaria transmission intensity for many years, and the widely held assumption that individuals in this population do not develop clinical tolerance to infection with Plasmodium falciparum is investigated.
The Journal of Infectious DiseasesSeroconversion Rate, Mortality, and Clinical Manifestations Associated with the Receipt of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Blood Transfusion in Kinshasa, Zaire
58 Citations1991Robert Colebunders, R. W. Ryder +11 more
Findings underscore the urgent need for appropriate HIV screening facilities in transfusion centers worldwide and highlight the need to evaluate the consequences of receiving HIV-1-seropositive blood.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and HygieneThe effect of malaria suppression in a group of accra school children
55 Citations1955M. J. Colbourne
The absentee rate in the treated school children was reduced, and it is calculated that they were saved about 5–6 days' incapacitating sickness by treatment by treatment during the year.
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