School Based Community Recovery in Kamaishi, Japan
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Abstract
The East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami (EJET) had devastating effects on schools and communities. Not only did it interrupt educational activities, but also weakened community ties due to displacement of affected people, including students of affected schools. Under this situation, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan has proposed the concept, "School Centered Community Building," which is composed of four main pillars, which are: (1) Securing safety of schools and relocating them to safe areas as necessary, (2) Retrofitting schools to improve their functions as evacuation center and hub for disaster management, (3) Making school building eco-friendly and (4) Making schools multi-functional public facilities to become the center of communities. Kamaishi is one of the disaster-affected cities in which in its city recovery plan has incorporated this concept. This chapter presents the initial findings of the school recovery process in Toni District, Kamaishi City, Iwate Prefecture as a study case to look into the actual implementation of School Centered Recovery and Community Building.