Simpson's Paradox in Real Life
The American StatisticianPublished 1 February 1982
Clifford H. Wagner
Citations329
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score0.78
SNIP1.50
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Abstract
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size This article is part of the following collections: Teaching Simpson's Paradox, Confounding, and Causal Inference
Keywords
MathematicsDecision Sciences
Contemporary Sociology A Journal of ReviewsDiscrete Multivariate Analysis: Theory and Practice.
5,160 Citations1975James R. Beniger, Yvonne Bishop +4 more
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology)The Interpretation of Interaction in Contingency Tables
2,317 Citations1951Esther Simpson
TechnometricsThe Analysis of Cross-Classified Categorical Data
1,957 Citations1979J. Wanzer Drane, Stephen E. Fienberg
ScienceSex Bias in Graduate Admissions: Data from Berkeley
663 Citations1975Peter J. Bickel, E. A. Hammel +1 more
Examination of aggregate data on graduate admissions to the University of California, Berkeley, for fall 1973 shows a clear but misleading pattern of bias against female applicants.
Journal of the American Statistical AssociationOn Simpson's Paradox and the Sure-Thing Principle
566 Citations1972Colin R. Blyth
BiometrikaNOTES ON THE THEORY OF ASSOCIATION OF ATTRIBUTES IN STATISTICS
442 Citations1903G. Undy Yule
The Annals of StatisticsThe Role of Exchangeability in Inference
278 Citations1981D. V. Lindley, Melvin R. Novick
Journal of the American Statistical AssociationOn Simpson's Paradox and the Sure-Thing Principle
114 Citations1972Colin R. Blyth
Journal of the American Statistical AssociationSimpson's Paradox and Mutually Favorable Events
28 Citations1973Colin R. Blyth
Journal of Chronic DiseasesA pictorial representation of confounding in epidemiolog1c studies
28 Citations1975Kenneth J. Rothman
The pictorial approach presented here is not intended as a substitute for quantification of confounding in epidemiologic studies, but rather as a tool to facilitate understanding of the principles of confounding and its control.