Diurnal variation of cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 (Orexin-A) levels in control and depressed subjects
Biological PsychiatryPublished 1 July 2003
Ronald M. Salomon, Beth Ripley, John Kennedy, Benjamin Johnson, Dennis E. Schmidt, Jamie M. Zeitzer
Citations274
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score4.68
SNIP2.24
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The finding that sertraline but not bupropion slightly decreased cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 indicates a serotoninergic influence on hypocretsin tone, consistent with previous physiologic findings in depression indicating dampened diurnal variations in hypocretIn-1.
Abstract
Our results are consistent with previous physiologic findings in depression indicating dampened diurnal variations in hypocretin-1. The finding that sertraline but not bupropion slightly decreased cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 indicates a serotoninergic influence on hypocretin tone.
Keywords
PsychologyNeuroscience
Encyclopedia of Social WorkDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
109,983 Citations2013Janet B. W. Williams, Michael B. First
CellOrexins and Orexin Receptors: A Family of Hypothalamic Neuropeptides and G Protein-Coupled Receptors that Regulate Feeding Behavior
5,513 Citations1998Takeshi Sakurai, Akira Amemiya +19 more
Two novel neuropeptides are identified, both derived from the same precursor by proteolytic processing, that bind and activate two closely related (previously) orphan G protein-coupled receptors in the hypothalamus of rats.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesThe hypocretins: Hypothalamus-specific peptides with neuroexcitatory activity
3,873 Citations1998Luı́s de Lecea, Thomas S. Kilduff +13 more
A hypothalamus-specific mRNA is described that encodes preprohypocretin, the putative precursor of a pair of peptides that share substantial amino acid identities with the gut hormone secretin, suggesting that the hypocretins function within the CNS as neurotransmitters.
Journal of NeuroscienceNeurons Containing Hypocretin (Orexin) Project to Multiple Neuronal Systems
3,470 Citations1998Christelle Peyron, Devin K. Tighe +5 more
The results of this immunohistochemical study suggest that hypocretins are likely to have a role in physiological functions in addition to food intake such as regulation of blood pressure, the neuroendocrine system, body temperature, and the sleep–waking cycle.
CellNarcolepsy in orexin Knockout Mice
3,084 Citations1999Richard M. Chemelli, Jon T. Willie +13 more
It is proposed that orexin regulates sleep/wakefulness states, and that Orexin knockout mice are a model of human narcolepsy, a disorder characterized primarily by rapid eye movement (REM) sleep dysregulation.
Medical Entomology and ZoologyPsychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress
2,988 Citations1995Floyd E. Bloom, David J. Kupfer
CellThe Sleep Disorder Canine Narcolepsy Is Caused by a Mutation in the Hypocretin (Orexin) Receptor 2 Gene
2,619 Citations1999Ling Lin, Juliette Faraco +8 more
It is determined that canine narcolepsy is caused by disruption of the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene (Hcrtr2) and this result identifies hypocretins as major sleep-modulating neurotransmitters and opens novel potential therapeutic approaches for Narcoleptic patients.
Nature MedicineA mutation in a case of early onset narcolepsy and a generalized absence of hypocretin peptides in human narcoleptic brains
2,106 Citations2000Christelle Peyron, Juliette Faraco +20 more
In situ hybridization of the perifornical area and peptide radioimmunoassays indicated global loss of hypocretins, without gliosis or signs of inflammation in all human cases examined, indicating most cases of human narcolepsy are associated with a deficient hypocretin system.
NeuronReduced Number of Hypocretin Neurons in Human Narcolepsy
2,090 Citations2000Thomas C. Thannickal, Robert Y. Moore +6 more
It is shown that human narcoleptics have an 85%-95% reduction in the number of Hcrt neurons, and the presence of gliosis in the hypocretin cell region is consistent with a degenerative process being the cause of the HcrT cell loss in narcoLEpsy.
The LancetHypocretin (orexin) deficiency in human narcolepsy
1,756 Citations2000Seiji Nishino, Beth Ripley +3 more
Alterations in the hypocretin receptor 2 and preprohypocretin genes produce narcolepsy in animal models andHypocretein was undetectable in seven out of nine people with narcoLEpsy, indicating abnormal hypocretIn transmission.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyDifferential expression of orexin receptors 1 and 2 in the rat brain
1,656 Citations2001Jacob Marcus, Carl Aschkenasi +5 more
The differential distribution of oxin receptors is consistent with the proposed multifaceted roles of orexin in regulating homeostasis and may explain the unique role of the OX2R receptor in regulating sleep state stability.
Archives of General PsychiatrySleep and Psychiatric Disorders
1,449 Citations1992Ruth M. Benca
Findings for patients with affective disorders differed most frequently and significantly from those for normal controls, and patterns of sleep disturbances associated with categories of psychiatric illnesses were observed.
Journal of EndocrinologyThe role of corticotropin-releasing factor in depression and anxiety disorders
1,380 Citations1999Lotta Arborelius, Owens Mj +2 more
The hypothesis that CRF receptor antagonists may represent a novel class of antidepressants and/or anxiolytics, probably through its effects on central noradrenergic systems, is supported.
Archives of NeurologyThe Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid Hypocretin Measurement in the Diagnosis of Narcolepsy and Other Hypersomnias
1,109 Citations2002Emmanuel Mignot, Gert Jan Lammers +10 more
Measuring CSF hypocretin-1 is a definitive diagnostic test, provided that it is interpreted within the clinical context, in cases with cataplexy and when the MSLT is difficult to interpret (ie, in subjects already treated with psychoactive drugs or with other concurrent sleep disorders).
The American Journal of the Medical SciencesSleep and Wakefulness
1,063 Citations1964Nathaniel Kleitman, James E. Eckenhoff
Annual Review of NeuroscienceTo Eat or to Sleep? Orexin in the Regulation of Feeding and Wakefulness
765 Citations2001Jon T. Willie, Richard M. Chemelli +2 more
These findings suggest that the orexin neuropeptide system plays a significant role in feeding and sleep-wakefulness regulation, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physiologic responses of these complementary homeostatic functions.
Journal of NeuroscienceFos Expression in Orexin Neurons Varies with Behavioral State
647 Citations2001Ivy V. Estabrooke, Marie T. McCarthy +6 more
Results suggest that activation of orexin neurons may contribute to the promotion or maintenance of wakefulness, and relative inactivity of oxin neuron may allow the expression of sleep.
American Journal of PsychiatryThe biological basis of an antidepressant response to sleep deprivation and relapse: review and hypothesis
624 Citations1990Joseph C. Wu, William E. Bunney
The authors suggest that these phenomenological observations concerning relapse with a night of sleep or with naps after successful sleep deprivation would be compatible with the existence of a sleep-associated depressogenic process.
Journal of Affective DisordersStress, hypercortisolism and corticosteroid receptors in depression: implicatons for therapy
563 Citations2001Florian Holsboer
Journal of NeuroscienceHypothalamic Hypocretin (Orexin): Robust Innervation of the Spinal Cord
535 Citations1999Anthony N. van den Pol
Long descending axonal projections that contain hypocretin were found that innervate all levels of the spinal cord from cervical to sacral segments, as studied in mouse, rat, and human spinal cord and not previously described, suggesting that in addition to possible roles in feeding and endocrine regulation, the descending hypocrretin fiber system may play a role in modulation of sensory input.
Annals of NeurologyLow cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin (orexin) and altered energy homeostasis in human narcolepsy
452 Citations2001Seiji Nishino, Beth Ripley +8 more
It is concluded that the hypocretin ligand is deficient in most cases of human narcolepsy, providing possible diagnostic applications and increased BMI and leptin indicate altered energy homeostasis.
European Journal of NeuroscienceFluctuation of extracellular hypocretin‐1 (orexin A) levels in the rat in relation to the light–dark cycle and sleep–wake activities
449 Citations2001Yasushi Yoshida, Nobuhiro Fujiki +6 more
It is suggested that hypocretin activity may be critical in opposing sleep propensity during periods of prolonged wakefulness, and likely to build up during wakefulness and decline with the occurrence of sleep.
Trends in NeurosciencesThe hypocretin/orexin ligand–receptor system: implications for sleep and sleep disorders
443 Citations2000Thomas S. Kilduff, Christelle Peyron
This article reviews the research that led to the isolation of the hypocretin/orexin peptides, their receptors and the activity of these molecules as the authors currently understand them and proposed model in which the cells that make these peptides might be involved in arousal state control.
NeurologyCSF hypocretin/orexin levels in narcolepsy and other neurological conditions
415 Citations2001Beth Ripley, Sebastiaan Overeem +13 more
Undetectable CSF hypocretin-1 levels are highly specific to narcolepsy and rare cases of GBS, which is a useful diagnostic procedure and future research in this area is needed to establish functional significance.
PubMedCircadian rhythm disorders in manic-depressives.
358 Citations1978Daniel F. Kripke, Daniel J. Mullaney +2 more
A circadian etiology is consistent with the genetics and age distribution of manic-depressive illness and affective disturbances could be evolutionary remnants of the photo-periodic seasonal responses in animals.
Annual Review of NeuroscienceThe Role of Hypocretins (Orexins) in Sleep Regulation and Narcolepsy
338 Citations2002Shahrad Taheri, Jamie M. Zeitzer +1 more
The aim of this review is to describe and discuss the current knowledge regarding the hypocretin neurotransmitter system in narcolepsy and normal sleep.
Archives of General PsychiatryLoss of Glucocorticoid Fast Feedback in Depression
296 Citations1991Elizabeth A. Young
The data presented herein are the first demonstration that abnormal feedback occurs at the level of the brain rather than pituitary in depressed patients, and suggest a decreased sensitivity to glucocorticoid fast feedback in depression patients.
NeuroreportCentrally administered orexin/hypocretin activates HPA axis in rats
281 Citations2000Makiko Kuru, Yoichi Ueta +5 more
Results suggest that central orexin/hypocretin activates hypothalamo-pituitary-adernal (HPA) axis and may be involved in stress-induced activation of the HPA axis.
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchSleep and psychiatric disorders
281 Citations1994Michel Billiard, Markku Partinen +2 more
Sleep quality dete riorates by the direct temazepaminduced slow-wave reduction, but both the direct increase of spindle time and the resulting compensatory increase in slow-w ave time improve sleep quality more.
Journal of Sleep ResearchHealth‐related quality of life in narcolepsy
222 Citations2001Emma Daniels, Martin King +2 more
The results showed that the subjects had significantly lower median scores on all eight domains of the SF‐36 than normative data, and scored particularly poorly for the domains of role physical, energy/vitality, and social functioning.
NeuroreportChanges in CSF hypocretin-1 (orexin A) levels in rats across 24 hours and in response to food deprivation
217 Citations2001Nobuhiro Fujiki, Yasushi Yoshida +4 more
An important link between circadian control of sleep and energy homeostasis via the hypocretin system is indicated through fluctuation of CSF hypocret in response to food restriction in rats.
Journal of Biological ChemistryStructure and Function of Human Prepro-orexin Gene
198 Citations1999Takeshi Sakurai, Takashi Moriguchi +5 more
It is suggested that this genomic fragment contains all the necessary elements for appropriate expression of the gene and will be useful for the targeted expression ofThe exogenous gene in orexin-containing neurons in transgenic mice.
PubMedIncreased dopaminergic transmission mediates the wake-promoting effects of CNS stimulants.
186 Citations1998Seiji Nishino, J Mao +2 more
It is suggested that presynaptic activation of DA transmission is a key pharmacological property mediating the wake-promoting effects of currently available CNS stimulants.
Journal of NeuroendocrinologyEffects of Orexins on the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal System
174 Citations2000Miklós Jászberényi, E. Bujdosó +2 more
This study suggests that these appetite‐regulating peptides might activate the HPA system at a central level but neither orexin‐A nor orex in‐B appears to modulate directly the adrenal corticosterone release.
Depression and AnxietyDepression, sleep physiology, and antidepressant drugs
172 Citations2001Andrew Winokur, Keith A. Gary +4 more
Findings regarding effects of antidepressant compounds on sleep architecture support the idea that critical neurochemical mechanisms involved in the regulation of discrete sleep stages can be elucidated by means of polysomnographic investigations utilizing pharmacologically targeted agents.
American Journal of PsychiatryHypersomnia and Manic-Depressive Disease
170 Citations1972Thomas Detre, Jonathan M. Himmelhoch +4 more
The finding that hypersomnia is not an unusual symptom of depression has implications both for the classification of affective disorders and for biologic research.
BioEssaysHypocretin/orexin, sleep and narcolepsy
153 Citations2001Marcel Hungs, Emmanuel Mignot
It is believed hypocretin cells drive cholinergic and monoaminergic activity across the sleep cycle, and input from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to hypoc retin‐containing neurons may explain the occurrence of clock‐dependent alertness.
NeurologySpinal descent of cerebrospinal fluid in man
148 Citations1976Giovanni Di Chiro, Mary K. Hammock +1 more
A substantial and rapid downward progression of the albumin-tagged tracer has been observed, which is faster than the subarachnoidal ascent toward the convexity of the brain.
Journal of Molecular MedicineOrexins: from neuropeptides to energy homeostasis and sleep/wake regulation
146 Citations2002Carsten T. Beuckmann, Masashi Yanagisawa
Although narcoleptic patients rarely have genetic defects in the orexin system, they lack these neuropeptides in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, indicating that human Narcolepsy is an orexIn deficiency syndrome in the majority of cases.
Journal of NeuroendocrinologyThe Central Effects of Orexin‐A in the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> in Male Rats
129 Citations2001S. H. Russell, C. J. Small +5 more
Results suggest that orexin‐A is involved in activation of the HPA axis, and that these effects could be mediated via the release of NPY.
PsychopharmacologyRhythm and blues. Neurochemical, neuropharmacological and neuropsychological implications of a hypothesis of circadian rhythm dysfunction in the affective disorders
123 Citations1987David Healy
Evidence is presented supportive of the notion that the pathophysiology of the Affective disorders involves a disruption of circadian rhythms and that the primary locus of action of agents effective in the affective disorders is on the circadian rhythm system.
Archives of General PsychiatryReliability and Validity of the Symptoms of Major Depressive Illness
104 Citations1986Carolyn M. Mazure
Results indicated that most signs and symptoms of major depression and melancholia can be reliably rated by clinicians during a semistructured interview.
Depression and AnxietySleep deprivation as a model experimental antidepressant treatment: Findings from functional brain imaging
101 Citations2001J. Christian Gillin, Monte S. Buchsbaum +3 more
A SPECT study using a radioactively labeled D2 receptor antagonist suggests that the antidepressant benefits of sleep deprivation are correlated with endogenous release of dopamine, consistent with some but not all functional brain imaging studies of antidepressant medications in depressed patients.
NeuropsychopharmacologyA Commentary on the Neurobiology of the Hypocretin/Orexin System
81 Citations2001Emmanuel Mignot
Hypocretins/orexins are rapidly emerging as functionally important neurotransmitters that are uniquely positioned to link sleep, appetite and neuroendocrine control, three behaviors of major importance in psychiatry.
Journal of Clinical PsychopharmacologyPreferential Cerebrospinal Fluid Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition by Rivastigmine in Humans
74 Citations1999John Kennedy, Ronald J. Polinsky +8 more
It is confirmed that the feasibility of using continuous measurement of AChE activity in CSF over prolonged periods is confirmed, that rivastigmine markedly inhibits CSF AchE after a single oral dose of 3 mg, and that the inhibition of central A cholinesterase is substantially greater than that of peripheral ACh E or BuChE.
Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaOn the contribution of sleep wake physiology to the explanation and the treatment of depression
65 Citations1988Rutger H. van den Hoofdakker, Domien G. M. Beersma
Three hypotheses play a leading role in this context: the "phase‐advance", the "S‐deficiency" and the "acetylcholine‐monoamine imbalance" hypothesis, which explain the therapeutic effects of a variety of sleep wake manipulations as consequenses of the normalization of depressogenic sleep regulation disturbances.
Biological PsychiatryThe effects of antidepressants on the thyroid axis in depression
61 Citations1993Richard C. Shelton, Sheilah Winn +2 more
Thirty-nine patients with major depression were studied to determine the differential effects of desipramine and fluoxetine on thyroid hormones and there was a significant association between a decline in triiodothyronine levels and response to FLU but not DMI.
Journal of Chronic Fatigue SyndromeReview and Hypothesis
52 Citations1998Mildred S. Seelig
The latent tetany syndrome (LTS) parallels CFS in its neuromuscular and psychiatric manifestations, as well as in inner ear disturbances: vestibular in CFS and FM, and increased vulnerability to noise-induced deafness in LTS.
Depression and AnxietyTreatment of insomnia in patients with mood disorders
48 Citations2001Peter D. Nowell, Daniel J. Buysse
The subjective symptoms and polysomnographic findings of subjects with mood and insomnia syndromes are reviewed and various treatments of patients with insomnia and mood disorders are presented.
Biological PsychiatryEEG sleep profiles and recurrent depression
47 Citations1991David J. Kupfer, Cindy L. Ehlers +3 more
Findings in this sample of 32 patients point to the presence of specific rapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalities as being more pronounced earlier in the course of a depressive episode.
Rhythm and blues
23 Citations2003Jocelyn Chaplin
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryDysregulation of neuroendocrine crossroads: Depression, orcadian rhythms and the retina — A hypothesis
16 Citations1987H Steiner, Eva S. Werstiuk +1 more
It is suggested that variations of retinal photosensitivity in humans can be measured by using a visual testing system, and that depressed patients might show changes in photosensitivity which could be corrected when treated with lithium and/or antidepressants.
Depression and AnxietyPotential mechanisms of the sleep therapies for depression
15 Citations2001Brenda L. Ringel, Martin P. Szuba
Sleep deprivation for one night has been investigated as a treatment for depression since the first publications describing its antidepressant properties almost 30 years ago and is the only intervention consistently demonstrated to produce next‐day antidepressant results.
Brain Research BulletinDisruption of the Activity–Rest Cycle by MAOI Treatment: Dependence on Light and a Secondary Visual Pathway to the Circadian Pacemaker
7 Citations1998Wallace C. Duncan, Kimberly Johnson +2 more
The results suggest that MAOI treatment weakens the coupling between oscillators that comprise the circadian pacemaker, and augments the disruptive effects of continuous light acting via the intergeniculate leaflet region of the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus.