Lithium as an immunologic adjuvant
Medical HypothesesPublished 1 January 1980
Louis Shenkman, William Borkowsky, Baron Shopsin
Citations40
SJR quartileQ3
SJR score0.39
SNIP0.33
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Lithium, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor, stimulates a variety of in vitro indices of immune function, including proliferation of lymphocytes in response to mitogens, rosette formation by T-cells and phagocytosis by macrophages.
Abstract
Lithium, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor, stimulates a variety of in vitro indices of immune function, including proliferation of lymphocytes in response to mitogens, rosette formation by T-cells and phagocytosis by macrophages. Lithium enhances these immunologic responses at concentrations comparable to those achieved in patients receiving lithium for treatment of manic-depressive disorders. Lithium may prove to have important therapeutic applications as an immune adjuvant, particularly in immune deficiency states associated with excessive C-AMP production.
Keywords
Immunology and MicrobiologyMedicine
New England Journal of MedicineProstaglandin-Producing Suppressor Cells in Hodgkin's Disease
544 Citations1977James S. Goodwin, Ronald P. Messner +4 more
A glass-adherent, prostaglandin-producing suppressor cell is responsible for the hyporesponsiveness to phytohemagglutinin seen with Hodgkin-disease lymphocytes.
Journal of Biological ChemistryAdenyl Cyclase in Fat Cells
436 Citations1969Lutz Birnbaumer, Stephen L. Pohl +1 more
It was concluded that ACTH and fluoride ion activate the same enzyme and alter the same kinetic parameter involved in activation, but do so by different means.
Nature New BiologyEffect of Cyclic AMP on Release of Lysosomal Enzymes from Phagocytes
378 Citations1971Gerald Weissmann, P. Dukor +1 more
Phagocytosis of undigestible particles causes the selective extrusion of lysosomal enzymes from macrophages and polymorphonuclear leucocytes and the process can be modified by cyclic nucleotides, prostaglandin E and colchicine.
New England Journal of MedicineMechanisms of Lithium Action
299 Citations1973Irwin Singer, Donald Rotenberg
The results have ranged from the production of severe and occasionally fatal Li to use as a psychoactive agent in the treatment of manic-depressive disorders.
Journal of Biological ChemistryAdenyl Cyclase in Fat Cells
235 Citations1970Martin Rodbell, Lutz Birnbaumer +1 more
It is concluded that secretin activates adenyl cyclase in fat cells via a receptor that is distinct from the receptors for glucagon and the other lipolytic hormones.
ScienceRegulation of Macrophage Tumoricidal Function: A Role for Prostaglandins of the E Series
215 Citations1978Richard M. Schultz, Nicholas Pavlidis +2 more
Exogenously added prostaglandins E1 and E2, but not F2alpha, inhibited the tumoricidal activity of interferon-activated macrophages of mice, suggesting a role for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in modulating macrophage functional activity.
Journal of Clinical InvestigationAntithyroid effects of lithium
166 Citations1970Stephen C. Berens, Robert S. Bernstein +2 more
The discrepancy between acute and chronic responses to lithium, and the dissociation between the inhibition of iodine release and stimulatory effects is discussed.
Experimental Biology and MedicineEffect of Cyclic 3',5'-Adenosine Monophosphate and Theophylline on Lymphocyte Transformation
157 Citations1970Rochelle Hirschhorn, Jacob Grossman +1 more
The effect of cyclic AMP, its dibutyryl derivative and theophylline (an inhibitor of cyclIC AMP degradation) upon the stimulation of lymphocytes is studied.
ScienceLithium: a Modulator of Cyclic AMP-Dependent Events in Lymphocytes?
135 Citations1979Erwin W. Gelfand, Hans‐Michael Dosch +2 more
A role for lithium in the modulation of cyclic AMP-dependent events in lymphocytes is suggested and its potential role as an inhibitor of suppressor cell activity warrants further attention.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research CommunicationsInhibition of thyrotropin-stimulated adenyl cyclase activity of beef thyroid membranes by low concentration of lithium ion
127 Citations1970J. Wolff, Stephen C. Berens +1 more
Lithium inhibits the TSH-induced stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity in beef thyroid membranes without affecting basal activity and a relation of the inhibition to the acute antithyroid effects of Li+ is suggested.
BloodEnhancement of colony-stimulating activity production by lithium
125 Citations1977W G Harker, Gerald Rothstein +3 more
It was concluded that lithium promoted enhanced granulocyte production in vitro by stimulating the synthesis of CSA.
New England Journal of MedicineLithium Carbonate Attenuation of Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia
124 Citations1977Richard S. Stein, Colleen Beaman +4 more
The administration of lithium to psychotic patients is associated with leukocytosis, and preliminary studies have suggested that the mechanism of this leukocytes is not established, but the impact of this mechanism on psychosis is unclear.
Clinical Immunology and ImmunopathologyEffect of anti-inflammatory drugs and agents that elevate intracellular cyclic AMP on the release of toxic oxygen metabolites by phagocytes: Studies in a model of tissue-bound IgG
114 Citations1978Joyce E. Lehmeyer, Richard B. Johnston
The results are consistent with the possibility that the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids are due in part to their ability to suppress the release of toxic oxygen metabolites from phagocytic cells at the sites of inflammation and suggest that elevation of intracellular levels of cyclic AMP could constitute a natural means of limiting inflammatory tissue damage.
The Journal of Experimental MedicineHUMAN T LYMPHOCYTE "E" ROSETTE FUNCTION
85 Citations1974Francis V. Chisari, Thomas S. Edgington
Evidence is provided that elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP diminishes E rosette function of lymphocytes, and the effects of dibutyryl cyclicAMP and the adenyl cyclase stimulators are potentiated by inhibition of phosphodiesterase.
Clinical Pharmacology & TherapeuticsInhibition by lithium of prostaglandin E<sub>1</sub> and norepinephrine effects on cyclic adenosine monophosphate production in human platelets
83 Citations1973Dennis L. Murphy, Cynthia H. Donnelly +1 more
It is suggested that these and possibly other hormonal blocking effects of lithium may be relevant to its antimanic efficacy and to other clinical effects of this drug.
Biochemical EducationCell Membranes: Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Pathology
71 Citations1976P.N. Campbell
PubMedThe effects of cyclic AMP on leucocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) production and on the inhibition of leucocyte migration.
69 Citations1976R Lomnitzer, Arthur R. Rabson +1 more
The findings show that cyclic AMP is important in modulating both cell-mediated and inflammatory responses in the migration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes out of capillary tubes.
Clinical Immunology and ImmunopathologyEnhancement of lymphocyte and macrophage function in vitro by lithium chloride
69 Citations1978Louis Shenkman, William Borkowsky +2 more
Lithium chloride, an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, augmented several in vitro immune reactions and reversed the effect of Prostaglandin E1, suggesting that its actions on lymphocytes may be mediated, at least in part, by inhibitingAdenylates cyclase.
Hospital PracticeCyclic Nucleotides and Cell Function
47 Citations1974Nelson D. Goldberg
The “second messenger” function of the cyclic nucleotides, CA and CG MP, is thought to depend on their ability to activate a class of enzymes known as protein kinases, which set in motion a cascade of biochemical processes that modulate and enormously amplify the metabolic activities carried on within the cell.
PubMedPolymorphonuclear leukocyte motility in vitro. VI. Effect of purine and pyrimidine analogues: possible role of cyclic AMP.
44 Citations1972Rose L. Tse, Paulding Phelps +1 more
5-methyl uracil (thymine) was found to be as potent as uric acid in stimulating motility suggesting that a substituent at position-5 of the pyrimidine nucleus is probably essential for this latter function.
PubMedFunctional differentiation of B lymphocytes in agammaglobulinemia. III. Characterization of spontaneous suppressor cell activity.
35 Citations1978Hans‐Michael Dosch, Erwin W. Gelfand
Cells mediating SSA may play a role in preventing the normal transition of pre-B cells to B cells in patients with agammaglobulinemia without B lymphocytes.
Clinical Immunology and ImmunopathologyReversal of an abnormality of polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis with lithium
28 Citations1980H. Daniel Perez, Howard B. Kaplan +3 more
Lithium chloride significantly enhanced directed migration in vitro of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from a 29-year-old woman with a long history of recurrent staphylococcal and streptococcal skin infections, suggesting that lithium may prove to be useful for the treatment of other patients with similar abnormalities.
Experimental hematology todayThe Regulatory Role of the Macrophage in Normal and Neoplastic Hemopoiesis
26 Citations1977JI Kurland, M A Moore
The requirement for CSF of both the CFU-c andCFU-pm, and the inability of CSF to influence the clonal proliferation of two other hemopoietic cells capable of growth in soft agar suggest cell-type specificity of this regulator ofin vitro granulopoiesis.
The Journal of ImmunologyFunctional Differentiation of B Lymphocytes in Agammaglobulinemia
24 Citations1978Hans‐Michael Dosch, Erwin W. Gelfand
Cells mediating SSA may play a role in preventing the normal transition of pre-B cells to B cells in patients with agammaglobulinemia without B lymphocytes.
EndocrinologyEffects of Lithium on Vasopressin-Dependent Cyclic AMP in Rat Renal Medulla
15 Citations1975Nama Beck, Bernard B. Davis
The results suggest that lithium inhibits the vasopressin-dependent cyclic AMP concentration in renal medulla via the augmentation of its catabolism, rather than via the inhibition of cyclicAMP generation.
Biochemical Society TransactionsInsulin-Induced Adenosine 3′: 5′-Cyclic Monophosphate-Independent Phosphorylation of a Fat-Cell Protein: Effect of Starving and Re-feeding
3 Citations1974William B. Benjamin, Susan T. Fish +1 more