[Etiology of non-melanoma skin cancer].

UV-specific mutations in the p53 tumour suppressor gene probably play an important role through both tumour initiation and cell selection, and Physicians should advise their patients to avoid unnecessary sun exposure and to use sun protection, including sun screen creams.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most countries are experiencing an increased incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Based on relevant literature found by search in the PubMed database, an overview of the present knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of non-melanoma skin cancer is given. RESULTS: DNA damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the main cause of non-melanoma skin cancer. Failure to repair these genetic alterations leads to unrestrained growth and ultimately tumour formation. In addition, ultraviolet radiation induces a relative immunosuppression in the skin that prevents cutaneous tumour rejection. UV-specific mutations in the p53 tumour suppressor gene probably play an important role through both tumour initiation and cell selection. INTERPRETATION: Physicians should advise their patients to avoid unnecessary sun exposure and to use sun protection, including sun screen creams.