Agoraphobia and the hyperventilation syndrome
Behaviour Research and TherapyPublished 1 January 1983
Bert Garssen, Willem Van Veenendaal, Rob Bloemink
Citations98
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.01
SNIP1.64
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
An investigation was made into how often the HVS and the agoraphobic syndrome appeared together and into the causal relationship between both syndromes.
Abstract
One of the causes of agoraphobic complaints is the fear of having an attack of physical complaints in public places. The Hyperventilation Syndrome (HVS) with its diverse symptoms seems to fit well in this model. Hyperventilation symptoms are threatening, because for most subjects they occur unexpectedly and without a clear reason. An investigation was made into how often the HVS and the agoraphobic syndrome appeared together and into the causal relationship between both syndromes. About 60% of the agoraphobic patients suffered from hyperventilation complaints and about 60% of the HVS patients were agoraphobic. Most patients mentioned the fear of having an attack as an important reason for their agoraphobic complaints, and this applied especially in the case of the HVS.
Keywords
Psychology
Archives of General PsychiatryImportance of Psychiatric Diagnosis in Prediction of Clinical Drug Effects
276 Citations1967Donald F. Klein
The utility of psychiatric diagnosis when appropriately modified for prediction of treatment outcome is emphasized, as well as the issue of the prediction of drug effect.
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchHyperventilation: The tip and the iceberg
174 Citations1975L.C. Lum
This survey does not include a very considerable number of patients in whom hyperventilation was present, but who also had organic disease of sufficient severity to produce symptoms; e.g. cardiac infarction.
Journal of the Royal Society of MedicineHyperventilation and Anxiety State
173 Citations1981L.C. Lum
Tetany is one of the least common manifestations; few physicians recognize the more subtle, but infinitely more common syndromes of chronic habitual hyperventilation, which may present with symptoms relating to virtually any organ or system, leading to much fruitless investigation and the accumulation of a dossier more remarkable for size than for clinical relevance.
The British Journal of PsychiatryA Controlled Retrospective Study of Behaviour Therapy in Phobic Patients
141 Citations1965I. M. Marks, Michael Gelder
Considerable claims have been made for behaviour therapy, but the evidence for its effectiveness is still conflicting and any general statement about the value of behaviour therapy in a mixed group of neuroses is of limited value.
Behaviour Research and TherapyDimensional structure and psychopathology correlates of the fear survey schedule (FSS-III) in a phobic population: A factorial definition of agoraphobia
139 Citations1980Willem A. Arrindell
The responses of 703 non-institutionalized phobics to the Fear Survey Schedule (FSS-III) were factor-analyzed utilizing a principal components procedure, clearly supporting clinical observations with regard to the Agoraphobic syndrome.
The American Journal of MedicineSymptom patterns of the hyperventilation syndrome
100 Citations1950Raymond L. Rice
The symptom patterns of the hyperventilation syndrome have been discussed and an attempt has been made to correlate these symptoms and the physiologic processes responsible for them.
The British Journal of PsychiatryA Clinical Investigation of Phobias
99 Citations1968R. P. Snaith
It is shown that the group of fears, which constitute the "agoraphobia constellation" are the very fears which are least common in the general population and have the highest correlation of all the groups of phobias with the anxiety level.
Behaviour Research and TherapyFears of phobic patients: Factor analyses of self-report data
98 Citations1978Richard Hallam, R. Julian Hafner
It is revealed that agoraphobics are generally more fearful and depressed than other phobics, and score more highly on a cluster of items which include ‘breathing difficulties’ and ‘dizziness’.
Annals of Internal MedicineTHE HYPERVENTILATION SYNDROME
82 Citations1953Bernard I. Lewis
The hyperventilation syndrome is generally considered an acute, transitory episode characterized by gross hyperpnea and culminating in frank tetany, and its presumed low incidence an...
The British Journal of PsychiatryHousebound Housewives—A Follow-Up Study of a Phobic Anxiety State
74 Citations1964A. H. Roberts
This study was undertaken to learn more about a group of patients, married women, who had become housebound by their phobic anxiety symptoms, and what proportion remained housebound and what data there had been available on admission to hospital that might in retrospect be seen to have had prognostic significance.
Journal of the American Medical AssociationCHRONIC HYPERVENTILATION SYNDROME
52 Citations1954Bernard I. Lewis
It is indicated that hyperventilation syndromes are common, generally have a chronic course, present diverse clinical pictures that often mimic serious organic disease, and are usually attended by marked disability.
PsychosomaticsDiagnosis and treatment of the hyperventilation syndrome
51 Citations1979Theo Compernolle, Kees Hoogduin +1 more
A therapeutic procedure based on provoking ahyperventilation attack, teaching the patient to stop the attack by breathing into a paper bag, and daily voluntary hyperventilation was successful in more than 100 patients.
The Journal of PediatricsHyperventilation syndrome in childhood
47 Citations1967Norbert Enzer, Preston A. Walker
The cases of hyperventilation in patients without previously diagnosed physiologic or psychologic disturbances illustrate the need for careful diagnostic evaluation and treatment because of the high rate of chronicity of the underlying disturbances.
PubMedHyperventilation syndrome: a clinical and physiological evaluation.
42 Citations1959Bernard I. Lewis
Studies on 250 patients with chronic hyperventilation patterns revealed the rapidity with which biochemical and physiological changes can occur and the characteristics of the resultant symptoms and signs, with particular reference to the heart and lungs.
American Journal of PsychiatryDIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF THE PHOBIC REACTION
39 Citations1956Walter I. Tucker
This type of phobic reaction is a commonly seen neurotic reaction and occurs most frequently in young wives and mothers, yet it is often misdiagnosed and mismanaged by physicians in all fields of medical practice.
The Journal of Nervous and Mental DiseasePanic Attacks
35 Citations1981Leon Grunhaus, Sergio Gloger +1 more
The results of the controlled pharmacological trials on patients complaining of panic attacks are presented and some relationships between panic attacks, panic disorder, and agoraphobia are discussed.
Psychotherapy and PsychosomaticsRole of Stress in the Development of the Hyperventilation Syndrome
30 Citations2010Bert Garssen
Results in this experiment led to the conclusion that stress brings about only a mild degree of hyperventilation in normal subjects, and the discrepancy with results found in HSV patients has been discussed.
LungDas Hyperventilationssyndrom
29 Citations1968A. Bühlmann
Volontary hyperventilation during 20 minutes was followed by a reduction in plasma volume and in local cerebral, liver and skin flow, which was associated with an increase in pulse rate, whereas blood pressure remained constant.
Psychotherapy and PsychosomaticsThe Aetiology of the Hyperventilation Syndrome
29 Citations2010Jeremy M. Pfeffer
The aetiology of the hyperventilation syndrome is reviewed with special emphasis on psychological aspects and it is suggested that the distressing symptoms produced byhyperventilation may themselves cause anxiety and exacerbate the hypervention, thus setting up a vicious circle.
PharmacopsychiatryClomipramine Treatment of Hyperventilation Syndrome
24 Citations1980M.J.A.J.M. Hoes, P Colla +1 more
Six patients suffered from a hyperventilation syndrome for 3.4 +/- 1.2 years with a lowered PAco2 at rest and an abnormal CO2 response curve and were placed on clomipramine, 25 mg t.i.d. for 9 months, finding that their anxiety andhyperventilation attacks diminished after one month of clomine, and their fear of attacks an their phobias subsided after two months.
Medical Clinics of North AmericaHyperventilation in Differential Diagnosis
15 Citations1963Walter I. Tucker