Opioids, Reward and Addiction: An Encounter of Biology, Psychology, and Medicine
Pharmacological ReviewsPublished 1 June 1999
Jan M. van Ree, M.A.F.M. Gerrits, Louk J. M. J. Vanderschuren
Citations300
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score6.60
SNIP4.90
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TL;DR
If the entire materia medica at the authors' disposal were limited to the choice and use of only one drug, I am sure that a great many, if not the majority, of us would choose opium.
Abstract
If the entire materia medica at our disposal were limited to the choice and use of only one drug, I am sure that a great many, if not the majority, of us would choose opium ([Macht, 1915][1]). ### A. Early History Opium is the dried milky juice of the unripe seed capsule of the poppy, the Papaver
Keywords
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Conditioned Place Preference: A Parametric Analysis Using Systemic Heroin Injections
111 Citations1987Michael A. Bozarth
Although place preference is usually tested in drug-free subjects, the strongest place preference was seen when subjects were tested following injections of the conditioning drug, suggesting that the drug cue may be the most salient stimulus associated with the rewarding action of the drug, and the absence of this stimulus may limit the strength of theconditioning seen in most place preference studies.
NatureMorphine-induced Suppression of Voluntary Alcohol Drinking in Rats
111 Citations1973J. D. Sinclair, Jessica E. Adkins +1 more
This data indicates that morphine antagonists do not precipitate withdrawal in alcohol-dependent animals, and usually no cross-dependencies or cross-tolerances have been found, although there are reports of increased tolerance for morphine in mice that have been habituated to alcohol.
PsychopharmacologyEndogenous κ-opioid systems in opiate withdrawal: role in aversion and accompanying changes in mesolimbic dopamine release
110 Citations1994Rainer Spanagel, Osborne F. X. Almeida +2 more
The results suggest that endogenous κ-systems are important in the modulation of mesolimbic DA release and the accompanying place aversion which occurs during opiate withdrawal.
NatureInduction of tolerance to the analgesic action of lipotropin C-Fragment
110 Citations1976Jan M. van Ree, D. de Wied +4 more
The results reported here confirm the analgesic potency of C-Fragment administered intracerebrally in the rat, and show that chronic administration of the peptide leads to the development of tolerance to its analgesic actions.
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsEffects of buprenorphine and other opioid agonists and antagonists on alfentanil- and cocaine-reinforced responding in rhesus monkeys.
109 Citations1992Gail Winger, Paul Skjoldager +1 more
The data suggest that buprenorphine suppresses drug-maintained responding through an agonist action but that alfentanil-maintain responding is uniquely sensitive to buperenorphine's effects.
Molecular Brain ResearchInfluence of nigrostriatal dopaminergic tone on the biosynthesis of dynorphin and enkephalin in rat striatum
108 Citations1990S.J. Li, Hongquan Jiang +6 more
The data indicate that the nigrostriatal pathway exerts a tonic excitatory influence over the biosynthesis of dynorphin and that this influence is not maximal since an additional increase in dopaminergic tone further increases the expression of Dynorphin.
Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorEffects of nicotine on the threshold for rewarding brain stimulation in rats
107 Citations1992David Huston-Lyons, Conan Kornetsky
Although naloxone increased the variability of nicotine's effect on the reward threshold, it failed to dose dependently block nicotine's threshold-lowering effect.
SynapseCocaine alters opiate receptor binding in critical brain reward regions
107 Citations1989Ronald P. Hammer
It is observed that opiate receptor density as labeled by [3H]naloxone was altered by chronic cocaine exposure in critical brain reward regions, including the nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, and lateral hypothalamus.
Brain ResearchMorphine alters preproenkephalin gene expression
107 Citations1988George R. Uhl, James P. Ryan +1 more
Brain ResearchIs the motivational effect of opiate withdrawal reflected by common somatic indices of precipitated withdrawal? A place conditioning study in the rat
107 Citations1987Ronald F. Mucha
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsBuprenorphine and naltrexone effects on cocaine self-administration by rhesus monkeys.
106 Citations1990Nancy K. Mello, J H Mendelson +2 more
It is suggested that buprenorphine decreases cocaine's reinforcing properties more effectively than naltrexone across the dose-range studied, and may be an effective pharmacotherapy for treatment of cocaine abuse as well as dual abuse of cocaine plus heroin.
British Journal of AddictionBuprenorphine Abuse Among Opiate Addicts
106 Citations1988John O’Connor, Eamonn Moloney +2 more
The extent of Buprenorphine abuse among opiate addicts in Ireland is established using self-reporting by addicts of drugs abused, and it is clear that contrary to initials beliefs, this drug has high abuse potential.
Brain ResearchSimultaneous rate-independent and rate-dependent assessment of intracranial self-stimulation: Evidence for the direct involvement of dopamine in brain reinforcement mechanisms
106 Citations1979Peter Zarevics, Paulette E. Setler
'Reward threshold' was decreased following D-amphetamine treatment, and was accompanied by a dose-related decrease in response rates at high to medium current intensities, suggesting that neuroleptic attenuation of ICSS is due to diminished reward and not to motor deficits.
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