Scientific knowledge : basic issues in the philosophy of science
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Abstract
Philosophy of Overview. PART ONE: THE SOCIAL CONTEXT IN WHICH SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IS PRODUCED. Gerald Holton: On the Psychology of Scientists, and Their Social Concerns. Marguerite Holloway: Lab of Her Own. Natalie Angier: Women Join the Ranks of but Remain Invisible at the Top. Shirley Tilghman: Science v. the Female Scientist. Shirley Tilghman: Science v. Women-A Radical Solution. Bruno Latour and Stever Woolgar: An Anthropologist Visits the Laboratory. PART TWO: THE EMPIRICAL BASIS OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE. Karl Popper: Problem of the Empirical Basis. Norwood Russell Hanson: Observation. Steven Shapin: Pump and Circumstance: Robert Boyles Literary Technology. Ann Oakley: Interviewing Women: A Contradiction in Terms. Andy Pickering: Against Putting the Phenomena First: The Discovery of the Week Neutral Current. PART THREE: THE VALIDATION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE. Rudolph Carnap: Confirmation of Laws and Theories. Karl Popper: Science: Conjectures and Refutations. Pierre Duhem: Physical Theory and Experiment. Imre Lakatos: Falsification and the Methodology of Scien- tific Research Pogrammes. Thomas Kuhn: Objectivity, Value Judgment, and Theory Choice. Ruth Hubbard: Have Only Men Evolved. Helen Longino: Can There Be a Feminist Science? PART FOUR: THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE. Carl Hempel: Explanation in Science... Paul Oppenheim and Hilary Putnam: Unity of as a Working Hypothesis. Karl Popper: The Rationality of Scientific Revolutions. Thomas Kuhn: Function of Dogma in Scientific Research. Thomas Kuhn: Nature and Necessity of Scientific Reasoning. Larry Landau: Dissecting the Holist Picture of Scientific Change. PART FIVE: REALISM VERSUS ANTI-REALISM: THE ONTOLOGICAL IMPORT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE. Grover Marshall: Ontological Status of Theoretical Entities. Bas van Fraassen: Arguments Concerning Scientific Realism. Ernan McMullin: Case for Scientific Realism. Arthur Fine: Natural Ontological Attitude. Evelyn Fox Keller: Critical Silences in Scientific Discourse: Problems of Form and Reform. Michael Gardner: Realism and Instrumentalism in Pre-Newtonian Astronomy. Ian Hacking: Experimentation and Scientific Realism.