Racial/ethnic differences in bystander CPR in Los Angeles, California.

PubMedPublished 1 January 2009

Peter C Benson, Marc Eckstein, Christian D. McClung, Sean O. Henderson

Citations30

TL;DR

Bystander CPR was found to be an independent predictor of survival to hospital discharge and, after adjustment, Latino ethnicity was associated with lower rates of bystander CPR.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bystander CPR (BCPR) has been demonstrated to improve rates of return of spontaneous circulation, survival to hospital admission, and quality of life in survivors. While previous studies have shown that African Americans are less likely to receive BCPR than Caucasians even after adjusting for variables such as socioeconomic status, BCPR rates in Latinos have not been reported. OBJECTIVE: To describe BCPR rates in an urban African American and Latino population as compared to Caucasians. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Evaluation in Los Angeles (CARE-LA) database combined with the California Death Statistical Master File (CDSMF). The combined database included location, race/ethnicity/ethnic background, witnessed status, socioeconomic status, and other variables that have previously been associated with differing rates of BCPR. RESULTS: There were 814 individuals included in the final study group (53% Caucasian, 28% African American, 19% Latino). African Americans and Latinos were younger than the Caucasians, had more events in the home and had a bystander CPR rate of 13% compared to 24% for the Caucasians (OR=0.47 (95%CI: 0.30-0.74) for African Americans and OR=0.48 (95%CI:0.28-0.80) for the Latinos). Bystander CPR was found to be an independent predictor of survival to hospital discharge and, after adjustment, Latino ethnicity was associated with lower rates of bystander CPR (OR 0.45 (95%CI:0.22-0.92)). CONCLUSION: After adjusting for other variables, Latinos in Los Angeles receive bystander CPR at approximately half the rate of Caucasians.

Keywords

MedicineHealth ProfessionsEngineering

CirculationSudden Cardiac Death in the United States, 1989 to 1998

1,598 Citations2001Zhi‐Jie Zheng, Janet B. Croft +2 more

Death rates for SCD increased with age and were higher in men than women, although there was no difference at age ≥85 years, and the increase in death rates forSCD among younger women warrants additional investigation.

View PDF

ResuscitationIncidence of EMS-treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States

452 Citations2004Thomas D. Rea, Mickey S. Eisenberg +2 more

A representative national incidence of emergency medical services (EMS)-treated all-rhythm and ventricular fibrillation (VF) SCA as well as survival is determined to assess opportunities and limitations of EMS care with regard to the public health burden of SCA.

Academic Emergency MedicineCPR Training and CPR Performance: Do CPR‐trained Bystanders Perform CPR?

355 Citations2006Robert A. Swor, Iftikhar Khan +4 more

CPR provision was more common in CPR-trained bystanders with more than a high-school education and when CPR training had been within five years, as well as a minority of CPR- trained bystanders performed CPR.

View PDF

Survey of AnesthesiologyRacial Differences in the Incidence of Cardiac Arrest and Subsequent Survival

207 Citations1994Lance B. Becker, Bowie Han +5 more

Annals of Emergency MedicineCardiac Arrest Resuscitation Evaluation in Los Angeles: CARE-LA

174 Citations2005Marc Eckstein, Samuel J. Stratton +1 more

Survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Los Angeles was low but similar to that reported for New York and Chicago, with population density, low bystander CPR rates, and traffic congestion delaying emergency response.

American Journal of Public HealthOut-of-hospital cardiac arrest: racial differences in outcome in Seattle.

127 Citations1993Martín Cowie, Carol Fahrenbruch +2 more

Both effective initial resuscitation and survival were significantly related to White race following adjustment for other covariates, and differences in outcomes were not fully explained by features of the collapse or relevant service factors.

View PDF

ResuscitationEfficacy of bystander CPR: Intervention by lay people and by health care professionals

127 Citations2005Johan Herlitz, Leif Svensson +3 more

Bystander CPR by lay persons (excluding health care professionals) is associated with an increased chance of survival among patients suffering an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; there is a distinction between lay persons and health care providers; survival is higher when the latter perform bystander CPR.

Annals of Emergency MedicineDo blacks get bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation as often as whites?

81 Citations1994Daniel Brookoff, Arthur L. Kellermann +3 more

Black victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest receive bystander CPR less frequently than white victims, and targeted training programs may be needed to improve the rates of bystanderser CPR among certain groups.

Academic Emergency MedicineDemographics of Cardiac Arrest: Association with Residence in a Low‐income Area

62 Citations1995Stan Feero, Jerris R. Hedges +1 more

View PDF

The Journal of Cardiovascular NursingBystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Would They Do It Again?

24 Citations2001Åsa Axelsson