Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the Million Women Study
The LancetPublished 1 August 2003
Valerie Beral
Citations2,971
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score12.11
SNIP22.72
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TL;DR
Current use of HRT is associated with an increased risk of incident and fatal breast cancer; the effect is substantially greater for oestrogen-progestagen combinations than for other types of H RT.
Abstract
Current use of HRT is associated with an increased risk of incident and fatal breast cancer; the effect is substantially greater for oestrogen-progestagen combinations than for other types of HRT.
Keywords
MedicineBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
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15,680 Citations2002Jacques E. Rossouw
Overall health risks exceeded benefits from use of combined estrogen plus progestin for an average 5.2-year follow-up among healthy postmenopausal US women, and the results indicate that this regimen should not be initiated or continued for primary prevention of CHD.
The LancetBreast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52 705 women with breast cancer and 108 411 women without breast cancer
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Of the many factors examined that might affect the relation between breast cancer risk and use of HRT, only a woman's weight and body-mass index had a material effect: the increase in the relative risk of breast cancer diagnosed in women using HRT and associated with long durations of use in current and recent users was greater for women of lower than of higher weight or body- mass index.
JAMAInfluence of Estrogen Plus Progestin on Breast Cancer and Mammography in Healthy Postmenopausal Women
1,846 Citations2003Rowan T. Chlebowski, Susan L. Hendrix +12 more
Relatively short-term combined estrogen plus progestin use increases incident breast cancers, which are diagnosed at a more advanced stage compared with placebo use, and also substantially increases the percentage of women with abnormal mammograms, a pattern which continued for the study duration.
JAMAMenopausal Estrogen and Estrogen-Progestin Replacement Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk
1,062 Citations2000Catherine Schairer
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstituteEffect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Breast Cancer Risk: Estrogen Versus Estrogen Plus Progestin
885 Citations2000R K Ross
New England Journal of MedicineThe Risk of Breast Cancer after Estrogen and Estrogen–Progestin Replacement
617 Citations1989Leif Bergkvist, Hans‐Olov Adami +3 more
In this cohort, long-term perimenopausal treatment with estrogens (or at least estradiol compounds) seems to be associated with a slightly increased risk of breast cancer, which is not prevented and may even be increased by the addition of progestins.
The LancetEvidence from randomised trials on the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy
489 Citations2002Valerie Beral, Emily Banks +1 more
Overall, HRT users had a significantly increased incidence of breast cancer, stroke, and pulmonary embolism; a significantly reduced incidence of colorectal cancer and fractured neck of femur; but no significant change in endometrial cancer or coronary heart disease.
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstituteRisk of Endometrial Cancer Following Estrogen Replacement With and Without Progestins
475 Citations1999Elisabete Weiderpass, Hans‐Olov Adami +6 more
The risk of developing endometrial cancer is increased after long-term use of estrogens without progestins and with cyclically added progestin use, and Continuously added progESTins may be needed to minimize the endometricrial cancer risk associated with estrogen replacement therapy.
Statistics in MedicineFloating absolute risk: An alternative to relative risk in survival and case‐control analysis avoiding an arbitrary reference group
437 Citations1991D.F. Easton, J Peto +1 more
The construction of standard errors for the parameters of all groups, without the need to select a baseline group, can be regarded as relating to roughly independent parameters, so that groups can be compared efficiently without knowledge of the covariances.
JAMARelationship Between Long Durations and Different Regimens of Hormone Therapy and Risk of Breast Cancer
419 Citations2003Christopher I. Li
It is suggested that use of CHRT is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, particularly invasive lobular tumors, whether the progestin component was taken in a sequential or in a continuous manner.
International Journal of CancerBreast-cancer risk following long-term oestrogen- and oestrogen-progestin-replacement therapy
416 Citations1999Cecilia Magnusson, John A. Baron +4 more
A positive association which was noted for use of oestrogen combined with testosterone‐derived progestins appeared especially pronounced with continuously combined regimens, which may substantially increase the incidence of post‐menopausal breast cancer, particularly among non‐obese women.
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer InstituteEstrogen-Progestin Replacement Therapy and Endometrial Cancer
317 Citations1997M. C. Pike, Ruth Peters +5 more
The progestin in sequential estrogen‐progestin replacement therapy needs to be given for at least 10 days to block effectively any increased risk of endometrial cancer.
PubMedUse of HRT and the subsequent risk of cancer.
165 Citations1999V. Beral, Emily Banks +2 more
The breast and endometrial cancers that are diagnosed in HRT users are less aggressive clinically than cancers in never-users but, as yet, there is little reliable information about the relationship between use of HRT and mortality from these cancers.
Breast Cancer ResearchComparison of various characteristics of women who do and do not attend for breast cancer screening
133 Citations2001Emily Banks, Valerie Beral +10 more
Women who attend the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme come from less deprived areas and are more likely to have a current prescription for hormone replacement therapy than non-attenders, but do not differ in terms of age or recent prescriptions for various other medications.
Breast Cancer ResearchThe Million Women Study: design and characteristics of the study population
118 Citations1999The Million Women Study Collaborative Group
By the end of the year 2002, the Million Women Study will have sufficient statistical power to detect relative risks of 0.8 or less, or of 1.2 or more in current users compared with never users of hormone replacement therapy for mortality from breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung and ovarian cancer, ischaemic heart disease and stroke.
BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & GynaecologyPatterns of use of hormone replacement therapy in one million women in Britain, 1996–2000
82 Citations2002Million Women Study Collaborators, The collaborators are listed on page 1329
National patterns of use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in 1996–2000 are described to describe national patterns ofuse in 1996-2000.
Journal of Medical ScreeningHormone replacement therapy and the sensitivity and specificity of breast cancer screening: a review
78 Citations2001Emily Banks
Analysis of epidemiological evidence for the relation between use of HRT and the risk of having breast cancer diagnosed between screens and being recalled for assessment after initial mammography with no diagnosis of breast cancer at that screen indicates that women using HRT are more likely to experience reduced sensitivity and specificity of Breast cancer screening, compared with women not using H RT.
Journal of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsAgreement between general practice prescription data and self-reported use of hormone replacement therapy and treatment for various illnesses
77 Citations2001Emily Banks
Important aspects of use of HRT, such as type of preparation currently being used, are reported very reliably by women completing a self-administered questionnaire.
Cancer Causes & ControlPatterns of postmenopausal progestin use with estrogen in relation to endometrial cancer (United States)
41 Citations2003Polly A. Newcomb, Amy Trentham‐Dietz
Both continuous and cyclic progestin regimens are associated with a much lower risk of endometrial cancer than estrogen alone, however, many women using these regimens remain at significantly increased risk of Endometrial Cancer.