Working overtime hours: relations with fatigue, work motivation, and the quality of work.
PubMedPublished 1 December 2004Open access
Dgj Beckers, Dimitri van der Linden, Pgw Smulders, Maj Kompier, Mjpm van Veldhoven, Nico W van Yperen
Citations148
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Moderate overtime is common among Dutch workers, who seem to be happy workers with attractive jobs rather than fatigued employees.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We sought to better understand the relationship between overtime and mental fatigue by taking into account work motivation and the quality of overtime work and studying theoretically derived subgroups. METHODS: We conducted a survey-study among a representative sample of the Dutch full-time workforce (n = 1807). The prevalence of overtime work and the associations between overtime and job demands, job variety, decision latitude, fatigue, and work motivation was studied through descriptive statistics. We used MANCOVA (covariates: age, gender, salary level) to compare six overtime-fatigue subgroups with respect to work motivation and job characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 67% of the respondents worked overtime (mean, 3.5 hours). Overtime workers appeared to be nonfatigued, motivated workers with favorable work characteristics. MANCOVA revealed no significant overtime-fatigue interaction. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate overtime is common among Dutch workers, who seem to be happy workers with attractive jobs rather than fatigued employees.
Keywords
PsychologySocial SciencesHealth Professions
Journal of Happiness StudiesThe Measurement of Engagement and Burnout: A Two Sample Confirmatory Factor Analytic Approach
9,630 Citations2002Wilmar B. Schaufeli, Marisa Salanova +2 more
Journal of Occupational Health PsychologyAdverse health effects of high-effort/low-reward conditions.
4,086 Citations1996Johannés Siegrist
Psychological Aspects of Workload
1,159 Citations1998T.F. Meijman
Journal of Occupational and Organizational PsychologyThe effects of hours of work on health: A meta‐analytic review
705 Citations1997Kate Sparks, Cary L. Cooper +2 more
A quantitative and qualitative review of existing literature on working hours and health indicated small, but significant positive mean correlations between overall health Symptoms, physiological and psychological health symptoms, and hours of work.
Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & HealthLong workhours and health
602 Citations2003M. van der Hulst
Support for the physiological recovery mechanism seems stronger than support for the behavioral life-style mechanism, but the evidence is inconclusive because many studies did not control for potential confounders.
CirculationChanges in the Serum Cholesterol and Blood Clotting Time in Men Subjected to Cyclic Variation of Occupational Stress
564 Citations1958Meyer Friedman, Ray H. Rosenman +2 more
Accountants were selectively chosen as a self-controlled group for studying effects of cyclic occupational stress upon serum cholesterol and blood clotting time, since their routine work schedule is interrupted by urgent tax deadlines, associated with severe occupational stress.
Occupational and Environmental MedicineHealth and safety problems associated with long working hours: a review of the current position.
535 Citations1997A. Spurgeon, J M Harrington +1 more
There is currently sufficient evidence to raise concerns about the risks to health and safety of long working hours, however, much more work is required to define the level and nature of those risks.
Work & StressThe relationships between work characteristics and mental health: examining normal, reversed and reciprocal relationships in a 4-wave study
532 Citations2004Annet H. de Lange, Toon W. Taris +3 more
Accident Analysis & PreventionFactors associated with falling asleep at the wheel among long-distance truck drivers
286 Citations2000Anne T. McCartt, John Rohrbaugh +2 more
The results suggest that countermeasures that limit drivers' work hours and enable drivers to get adequate rest and that identify drivers with sleep disorders are appropriate methods to reduce sleepiness-related driving by truck drivers.
Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & HealthChallenges in longitudinal designs in occupational health psychology
258 Citations2003Toon W. Taris, Michiel A. J. Kompier
Industrial HealthEpidemiology of Job Stress and Health in Japan: Review of Current Evidence and Future Direction.
229 Citations1999Norito Kawakami, Takashi Haratani
It is suggested that Japanese workers tend to suppress expression of positive feelings, which results in apparently higher psychological distress and lower job satisfaction among Japanese workers compared with workers in the U.S., and future epidemiologic studies in Japan should focus more on a prospective study design.
Work & StressAssociations between overtime and psychological health in high and low reward jobs
211 Citations2001M. van der Hulst, Sabine A. E. Geurts
Journal of Applied Social PsychologyIndividual and Nomothetic Models of Job Stress: An Examination of Work Hours, Cohesion, and Well‐Being<sup>1</sup>
159 Citations1996Paul D. Bliese, Ronald R. Halverson
Work & StressLearning new behaviour patterns: A longitudinal test of Karasek's active learning hypothesis among Dutch teachers
158 Citations2003Toon W. Taris, Michiel A. J. Kompier +3 more
PubMedLong working hours and occupational stress-related cardiovascular attacks among middle-aged workers in Japan.
141 Citations1991T. Uehata
It was concluded that Karoshi, meaning fatal attacks by overload, was one of the work-related diseases mainly triggered by long working hours.
PubMedShift work and health--a critical review of the literature on working hours.
139 Citations1994J M Harrington
The inherent conflict between the interest of the worker and the enterprise over unsocial hours can be mitigated by improvements in working conditions especially at night and by advice to the worker on coping strategies.
Social Science & MedicineYoung doctors' health—I. How do working conditions affect attitudes, health and performance?
134 Citations1997P. J. Baldwin, Michael C. Dodd +1 more
A number of working conditions, number of emergency admissions,Number of deaths on the ward and the number of minor menial tasks contribute to a perception of being overwhelmed, as revealed by factor analysis of the Attitudes to Work questionnaire.
Industrial HealthLong Working Hours and Subjective Fatigue Symptoms.
127 Citations2001Jungsun PARK, Yangho Kim +2 more
It is concluded that the questionnaire on the subjective fatigue complaints is a good screening tool for early detection of cumulative fatigue due to chronic job stress such as long working hours.
Occupational and Environmental MedicineNeed for recovery after work and the subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease in a working population
117 Citations2003Ludovic G. P. M. van Amelsvoort, Ij. Kant +2 more
The results show that need for recovery is a strong predictor of subsequent cardiovascular disease and might be an intermediate factor between job stressors and cardiovascular disease.
Occupational and Environmental MedicineJob stress, fatigue, and job dissatisfaction in Dutch lorry drivers: towards an occupation specific model of job demands and control
109 Citations2002E. M. de Croon, Roland W. B. Blonk +3 more
ErgonomicsAdvancing versus delaying shift systems
90 Citations1993Jane Barton, Simon Folkard
A study to determine the impact of the direction of shift rotation on the health and well-being of the individuals concerned adds some support for the use of delaying as opposed to advancing systems, and highlights the detrimental effects of incorporating a quick return into an advancing system.
PubMedWorkplace intervention studies.
55 Citations2000kristensen Ts
The author reviews and discusses several intervention studies with implications for CVD or CV risk that address chemical exposures, work schedules and working hours, and psychosocial factors at work.
Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & HealthAre long workhours a health risk?
51 Citations2003Mikko Härmä
The review shows that long workhours are indeed associated with adverse health, in particular cardiovascular disease, disability retirement, subjectively measured poor health, and fatigue, and shows that short sleep hours due to a lack of insufficient recovery may be the most important pathway connecting extended workhours and adverse health.
Work & StressWork and rest in the long-distance road transport industry in Australia
29 Citations1995Anne-Marie Feyer, Ann Williamson