Relative importance of face, body, and speech in judgments of personality and affect.

Journal of Personality and Social PsychologyPublished 1 February 1980

Paul Ekman, Wallace V. Friesen, Maureen O’Sullivan, Klaus R. Scherer

DOI10.1037/0022-3514.38.2.270

Source URL

Citations262

SJR quartileQ1

SJR score3.87

SNIP3.12

Abstract

Three experiments correlated judgments made from observing single channels (face, body, or speech) with multiple channel judgments (face, body, and speech together; or face and speech together). Judges observed the spontaneous behavior of videotaped student nurses in 2 types of interview situations, deceptive and honest, and rated the nurses on 14 bipolar adjective scales (e.g., awkward–natural). The single channel judgments that correlated most highly with the multiple channel judgments depended on the type of attribute being judged and the situation in which the behavior occurred (e.g., in the deception condition, judgments made from speech had the highest correlation with whole-person judgments). (18 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords

PsychologyMedicine

PsychiatryNonverbal Leakage and Clues to Deception<sup>†</sup>

1,791 Citations1969Paul Ekman, Wallace V. Friesen

The study explores the interaction situation, and considers how within deception interactions differences in neuroanatomy and cultural influences combine to produce specific types of body movements and facial expressions which escape efforts to deceive and emerge as leakage or deception clues.

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111 Citations1973Kenton L. Burns, Ernst G. Beier

Judgments from visual cues were found to be more accurate as measured against the (audio visual) criterion than were judgments from vocal cues.

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The results suggest that a minimal set of vocal cues consisting of pitch level and variations, amplitude level and variation, and rate of articulation may be sufficient to communicate the evaluation, potency, and activity dimensions of emotional meaning.

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Decoders were least consistent in decoding presentations conveyed in the audio channel; combined audio-video judgments were no more consistent than judgments based on the video channel alone; some encoders showed variations in feelings principally through visually mediated stimuli, others through the tone of the voice.

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A difference in general sensitivity to all available cues is suggested by the finding that NV responders were able to detect stress in the V mode also, while the V responders showed little ability to respond to NV cues.