Reviewing the Reviews
JAMAPublished 15 July 1998Open access
John W. Joyce, Sophia Rabe‐Hesketh, Simon Wessely
Citations43
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score5.35
SNIP10.71
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TL;DR
Test the hypothesis that the selection of literature in review articles is unsystematic and is influenced by the authors' discipline and country of residence by searching reviews in English published between 1980 and March 1996.
Abstract
Citation of the literature is influenced by review authors' discipline and nationality.
Keywords
Social SciencesDecision SciencesMedicine
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These results provide evidence for inclusion of all trial reports, irrespective of the language in which they are published, in systematic reviews, likely to increase precision and may reduce systematic errors.
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Assessment of the consistency of an index of the scientific quality of research overviews found it was possible to achieve reasonable to excellent agreement for all of the items in the index, including the overall assessment of scientific quality.
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Concurrence between two reviewers of each of some 500 papers submitted to the New England Journal of Medicine was only moderately better than a chance result, and the reviewing system was important to maintain standards.
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Bias can be minimized by insisting on high-quality research and thorough literature reviews, eliminating the double standard concerning peer review and informed consent applied to clinical research and practice, and publishing legitimate trials regardless of their results.
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Five factors that can detract from accurate probability estimation and three that impair accurate information synthesis are discussed, and ways to minimize the negative influences of these factors are suggested.
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PubMedNational bias: a comparison of citation practices by health professionals.
187 Citations1990Frank Campbell
It is hypothesized that health professionals in the United States and the United Kingdom are nationally biased in their citation practices, and results suggest that U.S. and U.K. authors publishing in the New England Journal of Medicine and Lancet tend to cite material produced in their own countries more than would be warranted by the amount of material produced by these countries.
