Fault Tolerance in Distributed Systems
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Abstract
1. Introduction. Basic Concepts and Definitions. Phases in Fault Tolerance. Overview of Hardware Fault Tolerance. Reliability and Availability. Summary. 2. Distributed Systems. System Model. Interprocess Communication. Ordering of Events and Logical Clocks. Execution Model and System State. Summary. 3. Basic Building Blocks. Byzantine Agreement. Synchronized Clocks. Stable Storage. Fail Stop Processors. Failure Detection and Fault Diagnosis. Reliable Message Delivery. Summary. 4. Reliable, Atomic, and Causal Broadcast. Reliable Broadcast. Atomic Broadcast. Causal Broadcast. 5. Recovering A Consistent State. Asynchronous Checkpointing and Rollback. Distributed Checkpointing. Summary. 6. Atomic Actions. Atomic Actions and Serializability. Atomic Actions in a Centralized System. Commit Protocols. Atomic Actions on Decentralized Data. Summary. 7. Data Replication And Resiliency. Optimistic Approaches. Primary Site Approach. Resiliency with Active Replicas. Voting. Degree of Replication. Summary. 8. Process Resiliency. Resilient Remote Procedure Call. Resiliency with Asynchronous Communication. Resiliency with Synchronous Message Passing. Total Failure and Last Process to Fail. Summary. 9. Software Design Faults. Approaches for Uniprocess Software. Backward Recovery in Concurrent Systems. Forward Recovery in Concurrent Systems. Summary. Bibliography.