Applied Mathematical Modelling
Journal of Hydraulic ResearchPublished 1 July 1976Open access
H.N.C. Breusers
Citations286
SJR quartileQ2
SJR score0.56
SNIP1.01
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Abstract
Multi-temperature joint delivery multi-temperature food transportation. For medium-term planning, this study optimizes uality such tures. The Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan developed a multi-temperature joint delivery (MTJD) system of multi-temper-mperature s (eutectic in standard cold boxes or cabinets that are loaded into regular vehicles. In this way, the temperatures in the cold boxes ar ified for different requirements and are not changed during door openings. In addition, the combination of temperature in the vehicle can also be easily changed. Kuo and Chen [1] pointed out a way of using the MTJD model in which carrier
Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association IncPulsatile flow and atherosclerosis in the human carotid bifurcation. Positive correlation between plaque location and low oscillating shear stress.
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These studies confirm earlier findings under steady flow conditions that plaques tend to form in areas of low, rather than high, shear stress, but indicate in addition that marked oscillations in the direction of wall shear may enhance atherogenesis.
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The molecular, cellular, and vascular processes supporting the role of low ESS in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling are explored and likely mechanisms concerning the different natural history trajectories of individual coronary lesions are indicated.
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciencesAtheroma and arterial wall shear - Observation, correlation and proposal of a shear dependent mass transfer mechanism for atherogenesis
1,354 Citations1971C. G. Caro, Jamie M. Fitzgerald +1 more
It appears that wall shear rate may be a major controlling factor in the development of atheromatous lesions in man and in animals and a net flux of cholesterol from blood to wall cannot account for the observed normally occurring (quasi-steady state) and experimentally induced atheroma.
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A perivascular shear stress modifier is developed that induces regions of lowered, increased, and lowered/oscillatory (ie, with vortices) shear stresses in mouse carotid arteries and studied plaque formation and composition, finding lowered shear stressed lesions induce larger lesions with a vulnerable plaque phenotype.
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A novel technique to assess the relation between fluid dynamic variables and the permeability of the endothelium to macromolecules indicates that in vivo endothelial permeability to albumin decreases with increasing time-average shear stress over the normal range.
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The Lystbeige mutation in LDLr−/− mice has proatherogenic properties that are independent of NK cell–mediated cytolysis and lymphocyte-mediated acquired immunity.
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296 Citations1993C. Michael Gibson, Luis Ángel Vilaú Díaz +6 more
Variations in local vessel wall shear stress may explain the previously reported near-independent rate of atherosclerosis progression in multiple lesions within the same patient despite exposure to the same circulating lipoprotein values and systemic hemodynamics.
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The major thrombogenic plaque components--collagen and TF--induce platelet activation and coagulation, respectively, in 2 consecutive steps, and targeting specifically the first step is crucial and might be sufficient to inhibit atherothrombus formation.
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The shear shining non-Newtonian nature of blood has little effect on LDL and oxygen transport in most regions of the aorta, but in the atherogenic-prone areas where luminal surface LDL concentration is high and oxygen flux is low, its effect is apparent.
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Early in vivo identification of arterial subsegments likely to develop high-risk plaque characteristics may allow for selective interventions to avoid adverse cardiac outcomes.
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157 Citations2011Jonas Lantz, Johan Renner +1 more
It was found that the influence of wall motion was low on time-averaged WSS and oscillating shear index, but when regarding instantaneous WSS values the effect from the wall motionWas clearly visible, and a FSI simulation should be considered.
Journal of Biomechanical EngineeringEffects of Wall Motion and Compliance on Flow Patterns in the Ascending Aorta
156 Citations2003Jin Suo, John N. Oshinski +1 more
The computed results were in agreement with the MR data only when full wall motion was included in the model, suggesting that the flow patterns observed in the ascending aorta arise not only from geometric curvature of the arch but also from the motion of the aortA resulting from its attachment to the beating heart.
Journal of Biomechanical EngineeringComputational Analysis of Coupled Blood-Wall Arterial LDL Transport
155 Citations2001D. Kim Stangeby, C. Ross Ethier
A coupled approach to model fluid flow within both the lumen and wall of a constricted, axisymmetric tube simulating a stenosed artery, and to use this flow pattern to study LDL mass transport from the blood to the artery wall to show an elevated LDL concentration at the downstream side of the stenosis.
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143 Citations2011Jacob Fog Bentzon, Mat J.A.P. Daemen +16 more
There is a strong biological basis and supportive clinical evidence that low-density lipoprotein lowering with statins is useful for the stabilisation of vulnerable plaques and the validity of anti-inflammatory approaches to promote plaque stability.
ScienceShear Rate Dependence of the Viscosity of Whole Blood and Plasma
141 Citations1961Roe E. Wells, Edward W. Merrill
The analysis of the shear stress/shear rate relationship, and thus the viscosity/Shear rate relation, of blood and plasma shows that freshly drawn whole blood has a large shear rate dependence on viscosities.
American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory PhysiologyHemodynamics in the mouse aortic arch as assessed by MRI, ultrasound, and numerical modeling
129 Citations2006Akiva Feintuch, Permyos Ruengsakulrach +10 more
It is found that the hemodynamically induced stresses on arterial endothelial cells are much larger in magnitude and more spatially uniform in the mouse than in the human, an effect that can be explained by fluid mechanical scaling principles.
Magnetic Resonance in MedicineIn vivo assessment of wall shear stress in the atherosclerotic aorta using flow‐sensitive 4D MRI
125 Citations2010Andreas Harloff, Andrea Nußbaumer +6 more
The results indicate that the predictive value of WSS for plaque existence depends on the aortic segment and that locations of critical wall parameters move to neighboring segments of regions affected by atherosclerosis.
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine3D MR flow analysis in realistic rapid‐prototyping model systems of the thoracic aorta: Comparison with in vivo data and computational fluid dynamics in identical vessel geometries
123 Citations2008Christian Canstein, P. Cachot +7 more
The results indicate the potential of patient‐specific model systems for detailed experimental simulation of realistic vascular hemodynamics in the thoracic aorta and the influence of refined boundary conditions of the human circulatory system such as fluid‐wall interaction and their effect on normal and pathological blood flow characteristics associated with vascular geometry.
Journal of Biomechanical EngineeringNumerical Investigation and Prediction of Atherogenic Sites in Branching Arteries
121 Citations1995Ming Lei, Clement Kleinstreuer +1 more
It is suggested that the local wall shear stress gradient (WSSG) is the single best indicator of nonuniform flow fields leading to atherosclerosis, and alternative predictors of susceptible sites are briefly evaluated.
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This system can potentially serve as a basis for a flexible toolbox for X-ray image analysis and simulation, that can efficiently utilize modern multi-processor hardware for advanced scientific computations.
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88 Citations2008Yunlong Huo, Xiaomei Guo +1 more
The scaling law between flow and diameter holds in the entire aorta and primary branches of mice under pulsatile blood flow conditions, and this model will eventually serve to elucidate the causal relation between hemodynamic patterns and atherogenesis in KO mice.
Computational and Mathematical Methods in MedicineFinite Element Modelling of Pulsatile Blood Flow in Idealized Model of Human Aortic Arch: Study of Hypotension and Hypertension
84 Citations2012P. Vasava, Payman Jalali +2 more
The assessment of hemodynamics shows that under the flow regimes of hypotension and hypertension, the risk of atherosclerosis localization in human aorta may increase, and the focus is on variation of wall shear stress.
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Results clearly demonstrate quantifiable differences between cells cultured under disturbed flow conditions, which are cuboidal with short and randomly oriented actin microfilaments and show intermittent expression of β-Catenin and cells culturedunder normal flow.
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The mechanisms that govern the recruitment of circulating monocytes into the incipient atherosclerotic lesion and their differentiation into macrophages are summarized and current knowledge on macrophage polarization is discussed.
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68 Citations2012Kwong Ming Tse, Rong Chang +4 more
The aorta with an irregular contour and large degree of curvature at its arch favours the development of the intra-aortic secondary flow that subsequently relates to the pathogenesis of atheroma.
BioMed Research InternationalThe Fat‐Fed Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mouse Brachiocephalic Artery in the Study of Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture
59 Citations2010Andrew Bond, Christopher L. Jackson
The purpose of this review is to highlight the reasons why the apolipoprotein E knockout mouse should be looked to to further understand the mechanisms behind the rupture of plaques.
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Positron emission tomography imaging utilizing [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) may provide a non-invasive means of characterizing inflammatory activity within atherosclerotic plaque, thus serving as a surrogate biomarker for detecting vulnerable plaque.
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56 Citations2012Jingliang Dong, Kelvin K. L. Wong +1 more
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The basic mechanics that govern plaque behavior, the material properties of atherosclerotic tissues and the studies investigating the association between high biomechanical stresses and plaque rupture are discussed.
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47 Citations2012Mark A. Van Doormaal, Asimina Kazakidi +8 more
Lesion formation does not seem to uniquely associate with low or oscillating WSS in this segment of the mouse aortic arch, suggesting that other factors may also play a role in lesion localization.
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43 Citations2012Troels Thim, Mette K. Hagensen +8 more
Investigating the relation between wall shear stress and local plaque development in surgically induced common carotid artery stenoses of hypercholesterolemic minipigs found low and oscillatory shear stressed promoted plaque development, including plaques with necrotic cores that are the key and dangerous characteristic of vulnerable plaques.
Current Medical Research and OpinionWall shear stress gradient topography in the normal left coronary arterial tree: possible implications for atherogenesis
41 Citations2004Thomas M. Farmakis, Johannes V. Soulis +3 more
This computational work determines, probably for the first time, the topography of the WSSG in the normal human LCA tree, and indicates that low values of this parameter probably correlate to atherosclerosis localization.
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The results indicate that in vivo micro-CT imaging can provide an excellent alternative for vascular corrosion casting and enables follow-up studies.
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It is demonstrated that locally elevated subendothelial LDL concentration correlates with subsequent plaque formation at the same location in coronary arteries of patients with coronary artery disease.
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The hypothesis that coronary arteries with positive remodeling are more vulnerable to rupture than those arteries with negative remodeling for comparable geometrical conditions is supported.
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From the results, it is shown that a high level of compression occurs at the stenotic apex, and can potentially be responsible for plaque progression, and wall shear stress and deformation are significantly affected by the degree of stenosis.
Journal of Biomechanical EngineeringThe Impact of Simplified Boundary Conditions and Aortic Arch Inclusion on CFD Simulations in the Mouse Aorta: A Comparison With Mouse-specific Reference Data
33 Citations2011Bram Trachet, Joris Bols +4 more
A reference data set is presented by combining high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced micro-CT to measure (in vivo) the time-dependent volumetric flow waveforms in the complete aorta of 10 male ApoE -/- deficient mice on a C57Bl/6 background and found that the influence of using average flow fractions on the CFD simulations is limited and often restricted to the side branches.
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26 Citations2009Bram Trachet, Abigaïl Swillens +5 more
WSS values for mice were found to decrease rapidly in early life stages and to reach a plateau in adulthood, thus supporting a mediating role for WSS in arterial growth.
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19 Citations2012Hong Sun Ryou, Seung‐Wook Kim +2 more
A numerical model that effectively predicts lesion forming sites was also generated based on the healthy vessel construction method presented in this study.
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17 Citations2012Ian C. Campbell, Daiana Weiss +6 more
The results suggest that if plaque rupture is possible in mice, it may be driven by a different mechanism than mechanics, and the relative distribution of stresses in the walls of murine and human plaques is computed.
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13 Citations2011Triantafillos G. Giannakopoulos, Efthymios D. Avgerinos +6 more
The utilization of biomarker panels can increase the accuracy of predicting the transformation of the atherosclerotic plaque into a vulnerable one and may aid in the planning of intervention and in choosing the best medical treatment.
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11 Citations2012Johan Renner, Hossein Nadali Najafabadi +3 more
The results show that the semi‐automatic segmentation method can be used in future to estimate relevant aortic WSS, indicating that the WSS is more sensitive to local geometric differences in these parts of the cardiac cycle.
ChronoPhysiology and TherapyEvolution and rupture of vulnerable plaques: a review of mechanical effects
9 Citations2013Kerry Hourigan, Pauline Assémat
The purpose of the present article is to review the current mechanical models used to describe the blood flow in arteries in the presence of plaques, as well as reviewing the literature treating the influence of mechanical effects on plaque formation, development, and rupture.
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3 Citations2020Hui Zhu