How to label nerve cells so that they can interconnect in an ordered fashion.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesPublished 1 November 1977Open access
C. von der Malsburg, David Willshaw
Citations175
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TL;DR
A method for setting up topographically ordered mappings between two sheets of nerve cells by inducing a set of chemical markers that express the neighborhood relationships within the presynaptic sheet is presented.
Abstract
We present a method for setting up topographically ordered mappings between two sheets of nerve cells. A set of chemical markers that express the neighborhood relationships within the presynaptic sheet is induced by the fibers into the postsynaptic sheet. The markers are used to guide the fibers to their terminal sites. A case for which this idea may be relevant is the retinotectal projection; our model exhibits types of plasticity found experimentally. The fact that the postsynaptic markers remain after removal of the projecting fibers suggests an important difference between development and regeneration. This paper concentrates on explaining the basic idea, and in addition presents a set of preliminary computer simulations.
Keywords
Materials ScienceNeuroscience
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciencesHow patterned neural connections can be set up by self-organization
834 Citations1976David Willshaw, C. von der Malsburg
Without needing to make any elaborate assumptions about its structure or about the operations its elements are to carry out, it is shown that the mappings are set up in a system- to-system rather than a cell-to-cell fashion.
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548 Citations2008G.E. Schneider
Optic tract axons showed a 'pruning effect' which may be attributed to a tendency for axons to conserve the quantity of their terminal arborizations, and may account for the hypertrophy found, after early SC lesions, of the dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract.
Journal of Cell ScienceApplications of a theory of biological pattern formation based on lateral inhibition
472 Citations1974Hans Meinhardt, Alfred Gierer
Model calculations are presented for various problems of development on the basis of a theory of primary pattern formation which involves short-range autocatalytic activation and longer-range inhibition (lateral inhibition) and the effects of symmetry can be included into the formalism in a straightforward manner.
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciencesThe evolution of the retinotectal map during development in <i>Xenopus</i>
241 Citations1974R. M. Gaze, Michael J. Keating +1 more
The results of this study indicate a progressive shift of the retinotectal projection with development which may involve changing synaptic relations between retinal fibres and tectal cells.
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167 Citations1975M. C. Prestige, David Willshaw
The role that competition may play in the development of spatially patterned nervous connexions is discussed, and simple models incorporating competition and graded affinity between axons and postsynaptic sites have been tested by computer simulation.
Experimental NeurologyReorganization of retinotectal projection following surgical operations on the optic tectum in goldfish
151 Citations1971Myonggeun Yoon
The results confirm that the remaining rostral half-tectum reacquires a complete visual projection from the whole retina about 90 days after excision of the caudal half of the tectum, and it is suggested that the reorganization of retinotectal projection is due to synaptic respecifications of individual tectal neurons in correct Retinotopic order.
The Journal of PhysiologyThe retino‐tectal projection in <i>Xenopus</i> with compound eyes
137 Citations1963R. M. Gaze, Mikila R. Jacobson +1 more
NatureThe Visual System and “Neuronal Specificity”
128 Citations1972R. M. Gaze, Michael J. Keating
To explain how neurones make the correct connexions during development and growth, Sperry put forward his hypothesis of neuronal specificity, in which neurones are recognized by individual chemical labels.
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123 Citations1976Ronald Anthony Hope, B. J. Hammond +1 more
The computer simulation of a model – the simple-arrow model – which does not require the tectum to be specified but does account for most of the previously published data is presented.
Experimental NeurologyDeployment of optic nerve fibers is determined by positional markers in the frog's tectum☆
70 Citations1974R. Levine, Marcus Jacobson
These results demonstrate the existence of a set of positional markers in the tectum which determines the polarity of the visuotectal projection and term these positional markers tectal locus specificities.
ScienceNeuronal Locus Specificity: Altered Pattern of Spatial Deployment in Fused Fragments of Embryonic <i>Xenopus</i> Eyes
39 Citations1973R. Kevin Hunt, Marcus Jacobson
It is inferred that separate parts of the early embryonic retina do not contain stable programs for spatial deployment of locus specificity, and that development of definitive locus specificities in retinal ganglion cells requires additional cellular interactions among the retinal cells later in development.
Developmental BiologyDevelopment of neuronal locus specificity in Xenopus retinal ganglion cells after surgical eye transection or after fusion of whole eyes
33 Citations1974R. Kevin Hunt, Mikila R. Jacobson
The developmental program established in the stage 28–32 optic cup of Xenopus embryos can be modified by surgical transection of stage 32 eye primordia and by fusion of whole stage 38 eyes, although most of the transected eyes did develop normal visuotectal projections.