The assessment of childhood maltreatment and its associations with affective symptoms in adulthood: Results of the German National Cohort (NAKO)
The World Journal of Biological PsychiatryPublished 18 March 2022
Johanna Klinger-König, Fabian Streit, Angelika Erhardt, Luca Kleineidam, Florian Schmiedek, Börge Schmidt
Citations29
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.29
SNIP1.04
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
First results of the distribution of childhood maltreatment in the population-based mega cohort German National Cohort (NAKO) and estimates associations with affective symptoms in adulthood are reported and differential associations with psychopathological symptoms for the five types of Childhood maltreatment are suggested.
Abstract
The distribution of childhood maltreatment in NAKO is similar to previous reports. Additionally, our results suggest differential associations with psychopathological symptoms for the five types of childhood maltreatment.
Keywords
PsychologyHealth Professions
Journal of General Internal MedicineThe PHQ-9
44,186 Citations2001Kurt Kroenke, Robert L. Spitzer +1 more
In addition to making criteria-based diagnoses of depressive disorders, the PHQ-9 is also a reliable and valid measure of depression severity, which makes it a useful clinical and research tool.
Archives of Internal MedicineA Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder
31,472 Citations2006Robert L. Spitzer, Kurt Kroenke +2 more
Child Abuse & NeglectDevelopment and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire
6,317 Citations2003David P. Bernstein, Judith A. Stein +9 more
These findings support the viability of the CTQ-SF across diverse clinical and nonreferred populations and demonstrated good criterion-related validity in a subsample of adolescents on whom corroborative data were available.
The Lancet Public HealthThe effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis
5,013 Citations2017Karen Hughes, Mark A Bellis +6 more
To sustain improvements in public health requires a shift in focus to include prevention of ACEs, resilience building, and ACE-informed service provision, as well as identifying considerable heterogeneity between estimates for almost half of the outcomes.
Medical CareValidation and Standardization of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) in the General Population
4,597 Citations2008Bernd Löwe, Oliver Decker +5 more
Evidence supports reliability and validity of the G AD-7 as a measure of anxiety in the general population and can be used to compare a subject's GAD-7 score with those determined from a general population reference group.
General Hospital PsychiatryThe Patient Health Questionnaire Somatic, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptom Scales: a systematic review
4,121 Citations2010Kurt Kroenke, Robert L. Spitzer +2 more
ThePHQ-9, GAD-7 and PHQ-15 are brief well-validated measures for detecting and monitoring depression, anxiety and somatization.
PLoS MedicineThe Long-Term Health Consequences of Child Physical Abuse, Emotional Abuse, and Neglect: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
3,316 Citations2012Rosana Norman, Munkhtsetseg Byambaa +4 more
A systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted to assess the relationship between child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect, and subsequent mental and physical health outcomes.
Annual Review of Clinical PsychologyStress and Depression
2,918 Citations2004Constance Hammen
There is growing interest in moving away from unidirectional models of the stress-depression association, toward recognition of the effects of contexts and personal characteristics on the occurrence of stressors, and on the likelihood of progressive and dynamic relationships between stress and depression over time.
International Standard Classification of Education, ISCED 1997
2,362 Citations2003UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
American Journal of PsychiatryChildhood Maltreatment Predicts Unfavorable Course of Illness and Treatment Outcome in Depression: A Meta-Analysis
1,473 Citations2011Valentina Nanni, Rudolf Uher +1 more
A meta-analysis of 16 epidemiological studies suggested that childhood maltreatment was associated with an elevated risk of developing recurrent and persistent depressive episodes and with lack of response or remission during treatment for depression.
American Journal of PsychiatryChildhood Maltreatment and Psychopathology: A Case for Ecophenotypic Variants as Clinically and Neurobiologically Distinct Subtypes
1,046 Citations2013Martin H. Teicher, J Samson
Phenotypic expression of psychopathology may be strongly influenced by exposure to maltreatment, leading to a constellation of ecophenotypes that fit within conventional diagnostic boundaries, but likely represent distinct subtypes.
The British Journal of PsychiatryChildhood maltreatment and characteristics of adult depression: Meta-analysis
807 Citations2016Janna Nelson, Anne Klumparendt +2 more
Depression severity was most prominently linked to childhood emotional maltreatment, and childhood maltreatment represents a risk factor for severe, early-onset, treatment-resistant depression with a chronic course.
DiagnosticaScreening psychischer Störungen mit dem “Gesundheitsfragebogen für Patienten (PHQ-D)“
804 Citations2004Kerstin Gräfe, Stephan Zipfel +2 more
Eine ausgezeichnete Kriteriumsvaliditat des PHQ-D zeigte sich insbesondere bei der Diagnose der Major Depression, wo die Sensitivitat fur die medizinische Stichprobe bei 95 % and die Spezifitat bei 86 % lag.
Journal of Affective DisordersPrevalence, correlates, and course of minor depression and major depression in the national comorbidity survey
789 Citations1997Ronald C. Kessler, Shanyang Zhao +2 more
It is argued that minor depression is a variant of depressive disorder that should be considered seriously both as a target for preventive intervention and for treatment.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyThe neglect of child neglect: a meta-analytic review of the prevalence of neglect
723 Citations2012Marije Stoltenborgh, Marian J. Bakermans‐Kranenburg +1 more
Child neglect is a problem of considerable extent, but seems to be a neglected type of maltreatment in scientific research, illustrated by the deplorable dearth of studies on child neglect, especially in low-resource countries.
Molecular PsychiatryChildhood maltreatment and obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis
718 Citations2013Andrea Danese, Marcus Tan
A meta-analysis of 41 studies revealed that childhood maltreatment was associated with elevated risk of developing obesity over the life-course, and the association was stronger in samples including more women and whites, but was not influenced by study quality.
Psychosomatic MedicineA Meta-Analytic Review of the Effects of Childhood Abuse on Medical Outcomes in Adulthood
617 Citations2009Holly L. Wegman, Cinnamon Stetler
Experiencing child abuse was associated with an increased risk of negative physical health outcomes in adulthood and the magnitude of the risk is comparable to the association between child abuse and poor psychological outcomes.
Child Abuse & NeglectChildhood emotional abuse and neglect as predictors of psychological and physical symptoms in women presenting to a primary care practice
506 Citations2003Ilyse L. Spertus, Rachel Yehuda +3 more
Hierarchical multiple regressions demonstrated that emotional abuse and neglect predicted symptomatology in these women even when controlling for other types of abuse and lifetime trauma exposure.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral ReviewsStress, epigenetics and depression: A systematic review
454 Citations2019Caroline Park, Joshua D. Rosenblat +7 more
Epigenetic changes in glucocorticoid signaling, serotonergic signaling, and neurotrophin genes appear to be the most promising therapeutic targets for future research, however, continued research is warranted due to inconsistent findings regarding the directionality of epigenetic modification.
European Journal of EpidemiologyThe German National Cohort: aims, study design and organization
366 Citations2014German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium
PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische PsychologieDie deutsche Version des Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) – psychometrische Eigenschaften in einer bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Stichprobe
343 Citations2011Grit Klinitzke, Matthias Romppel +3 more
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental HealthChild maltreatment in Germany: prevalence rates in the general population
291 Citations2017Andreas Witt, Rebecca C. Brown +3 more
Knowing about different types of maltreatment based on the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire can help to put findings of future studies into an epidemiological and societal context and women seem to be at greater risk for sexual and emotional abuse than men.
Child Abuse & NeglectThe influence of geographical and economic factors in estimates of childhood abuse and neglect using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A worldwide meta-regression analysis
176 Citations2015Thiago Wendt Viola, Giovanni Abrahão Salum +4 more
It is found that Europe and Asia were associated with lower CTQ estimates while South America presented the highest estimates among continents, and China, Netherlands and United Kingdom presented the lowest maltreatment estimates.
Psychiatrische PraxisEin Screeninginstrument für Missbrauch und Vernachlässigung in der Kindheit: der Childhood Trauma Screener (CTS)
157 Citations2012Hans J. Grabe, Andrea Schulz +10 more
The CTS is a reliable, valid and economic screener for the retrospective assessment of adverse childhood experiences especially in large epidemiological studies.
Psychiatrische PraxisDer Childhood Trauma Screener (CTS) - Entwicklung und Validierung von Schwellenwerten zur Klassifikation
133 Citations2013Heide Glaesmer, Andrea Schulz +4 more
PLoS ONEExperiences of severe childhood maltreatment, depression, anxiety and alcohol abuse among adults in Finland
106 Citations2017Wail Rehan, Jan Antfolk +3 more
Although the majority of severely abused or neglected individuals did not show clinical levels of depression, anxiety or alcohol use, severe childhood maltreatment increased the risk for showing clinical level of psychopathology in adulthood.
Journal of Affective DisordersChildhood maltreatment, maladaptive personality types and level and course of psychological distress: A six-year longitudinal study
103 Citations2015Philip Spinhoven, Bernet M. Elzinga +3 more
Routine assessment of maladaptive personality types and possible childhood emotional maltreatment in persons with severe and prolonged psychological distress seems warranted to identify persons who may need a different or more intensive treatment.
BMC Public HealthFrequency of child maltreatment in a representative sample of the German population
96 Citations2013Benjamin Iffland, Elmar Brähler +3 more
Although the analysis has found lower rates of child maltreatment than previous reports that used less well validated criteria, the results confirm that child abuse, with its many different facets, is a significant problem in Germany.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - GesundheitsschutzDie Basiserhebung der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie: Teilnahme an den Untersuchungsmodulen, Qualitätssicherung und Nutzung von Sekundärdaten
91 Citations2020Sabine Schipf, Gina Schöne +49 more
An overview of design, methods, participation in the examinations, and their quality assurance based on the midterm baseline dataset (MBD) of the recruitment is provided.
American Journal of OrthopsychiatryParental awareness and child abuse: A cognitive-developmental analysis of urban and rural samples.
72 Citations1983Carolyn Moore Newberger, Susan Cook
A cognitive-developmental analysis of parental reasoning on child-rearing issues is presented and applied in two controlled studies of parents of abused or neglected children.
Psychiatry ResearchComorbidity profile of mental disorders among adolescents: A latent class analysis
63 Citations2019Cecilia A. Essau, Alejandro de la Torre‐Luque
Characterising comorbid profile of mental disorders using person-based approach yields a higher-order classification that could have important clinical implications, and is based on the best fit for the data.
Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaChildhood maltreatment and treatment outcome in psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
63 Citations2019Sarah Thomas, Michael Höfler +2 more
A systematic review and meta‐analysis is conducted on the association between CM and treatment outcome in psychotic disorders and the characteristics that could be relevant for treatment.
The World Journal of Biological PsychiatryLifetime and current depression in the German National Cohort (NAKO)
58 Citations2021Fabian Streit, Lea Zillich +43 more
The NAKO represents a valuable epidemiologic resource to investigate depression, and the range of measures for lifetime and current depression allows users to select the most suitable instrument for their specific research question.
Journal of the American Heart AssociationIncreased Cardiometabolic and Mortality Risk Following Childhood Maltreatment in the United Kingdom
50 Citations2020Joht Singh Chandan, Kelvin Okoth +4 more
Considering the high prevalence of exposure to childhood maltreatment, there is a clear need to ensure that public health approaches are implemented to prevent the adverse consequences following exposure to Childhood maltreatment.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - GesundheitsschutzSoziodemografische und erwerbsbezogene Merkmale in der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie
38 Citations2020Nico Dragano, Marvin Reuter +35 more
The distribution of individual characteristics in the cohort as well as relationships with health-related measures are presented by way of example and the analysis is based on the data of the first half of the baseline survey.
The World Journal of Biological PsychiatryGeneralised anxiety and panic symptoms in the German National Cohort (NAKO)
17 Citations2021Angelika Erhardt, Götz Gelbrich +12 more
Clinically relevant GAD symptoms as well as panic attacks are frequent in the NAKO and are associated with sociodemographic factors, and high anxiety symptoms are accompanied by pronounced stress and depression levels.
The World Journal of Biological PsychiatryThe assessment of cognitive function in the German National Cohort (NAKO) – Associations of demographics and psychiatric symptoms with cognitive test performance
14 Citations2022Luca Kleineidam, Melina Stark +13 more
The NAKO cognitive test battery and the derived cognitive domain scores for memory and executive function are sensitive measures of cognition.
The World Journal of Biological PsychiatryThe value of ‘mega cohorts’ for psychiatric research
14 Citations2022Klaus Berger, Marcella Rietschel +1 more
Different design approaches for a priorisation in the assessment of phenotypes for psychiatric and/or neurological disorders in large cohorts are described and the concept of studying emotional and cognitive functions and related disorders in GNC is introduced.
The World Journal of Biological PsychiatryGeneral cognitive ability assessment in the German National Cohort (NAKO) – The block-adaptive number series task
9 Citations2022Florian Schmiedek, Ulf Kroehne +16 more
The number series task provides a valid proxy of general cognitive ability for the Level-2 sample of the NAKO, based on a highly time-efficient assessment procedure.
