Autonomous Distributed Vehicle-to-Grid for Ubiquitous Power Grid and its Effect as a Spinning Reserve

Abstract

AbstractThis paper propose an autonomous distributed vehicle-to-grid control scheme of grid-connected (plug-in hybrid) electric vehicle. Grid-friendly charge and discharge maintaining user convenience for plug-out and battery state-of-charge is realized based on frequency measurement at the plug-in terminal. Implementing proposed scheme to automotive power electronics circuit, (plug-in hybrid) electric vehicle works as a smart storage which is an alternative to stationary battery. The smart storage is expected to be a spinning reserve because of its high-speed response without information exchange to a central load dispatch center. An effect of the autonomous distributed vehicle-to-grid and cooperation with centralized speed governor control and load frequency control of conventional thermal power generator is evaluated.Keywords: Smart Grid(Plug-in Hybrid) Electric VehicleVehicle-to-GridSpinning ReserveLoad Frequency Control Additional informationNotes on contributorsYutaka OtaYutaka Ota received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. Eng. degrees from Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan, in 1998, 2000 and 2003, respectively. He is currently a Project Assistant Professor of Ubiquitous Power Grid Endowed Chair in the Center for Advanced Power and Environmental Technology (APET) of The University of Tokyo. His research interests include vehicle-to-grid technology, modeling of batteries, and application of phasor measurement unit based wide area measurement system to power system monitoring, protection, and control.Haruhito TaniguchiHaruhito Taniguchi received the B.S, M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan in 1973, 1975 and 1994, respectively. In 1975, he joined Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI). He was Director of Power System Department, Director of System Engineering Research Laboratory, CRIEPI. He is currently a Project Professor, Ubiquitous Power Grid Endowed Chair, Center for Advanced Power and Environmental Technology (APET), the University of Tokyo, since 2008. He has been engaged in research mainly on planning, operation and control of power systems as well as new technology development. He is a distinguished member of CIGRE.Tatsuhito NakajimaTatsuhito Nakajima received the B.S., M.S., and Dr. Eng. degrees from the University of Tokyo in 1985, 1987, and 1990, respectively. He joined Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) in 1990. He has been with Power Engineering R&D Center of TEPCO. He is currently a Project Associate Professor in the Center for Advanced Power and Environmental Technology (APET) of the University of Tokyo. His research interests include application of power electronics for power systemsK. M. LiyanageKithsiri M. Liyanage obtained B.Sc. Eng (Hons) from University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka in 1983, M.Eng. and Dr.Eng. from University of Tokyo in 1988 and 1991 respectively. He has held positions at the University of Tokyo, Japan, University of Washington, USA and Universities of Ruhuna and Peradeniya in Sri Lanka. From September 2008 to August 2010 he was with the Center for Advanced Power and Environmental Technology (APET) of the University of Tokyo as a Visiting Research Fellow on sabbatical leave from University of Peradeniya where he is a Senior Lecturer currently. His current research interests include the making use of ICT to create an environmental friendly energy sector.Koichiro ShimizuKoichiro Shimizu received the B.S. in Electrical Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan, in 2009. He is currently a master student at The University of Tokyo, Japan. His interests include system frequency control using Electric Vehicle (EV).Taisuke MasutaTaisuke Masuta received the B.S and M.S. in Electrical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan, in 2004 and 2006. He is currently a doctoral student at The University of Tokyo, Japan. His interests include system frequency control using customer equipment such as Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) and Electric Vehicle (EV).Jumpei BabaJumpei Baba received the B. Eng., M.Eng., and Ph.D. Eng degrees from The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan in 1996, 1998, and 2001, respectively. He has been with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, since 2001, and with the Department of Advanced Energy, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, since 2003. He is currently an Associate Professor of Department of Advanced Energy, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo.Akihiko YokoyamaAkihiko Yokoyama received the B. Eng., M.Eng., and Dr.Eng. degrees from The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, in 1979, 1981, and 1984, respectively. He has been with the Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, since 1984 and is currently a Professor in charge of Power System Engineering. He was a Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Texas, Arlington, and the University of California, Berkeley, during the period of February 1987 to February 1989.