Long-term Health Outcomes and Medical Effects of Torture Among US Navy Prisoners of War in Vietnam
JAMAPublished 7 August 1996
D. Stephen Nice, Cedric F. Garland, S Hilton, James C. Baggett, Robert E. Mitchell
Citations70
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score5.35
SNIP10.71
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Being a former POW was associated with increased cumulative incidence rates of chronic disorders of the peripheral nervous system, joints, and back and an increased hazard rate of peptic ulcer.
Abstract
During captivity, ropes, ratchet handcuffs, leg irons, or stocks were used to put tightly constrictive pressure around the extremities of POWs as a means of torture, resulting in painful ischemia and subsequent neuropathies. Being a former POW was associated with increased cumulative incidence rates of chronic disorders of the peripheral nervous system, joints, and back and an increased hazard rate of peptic ulcer.
Keywords
PsychologySocial Sciences
Springer series in statisticsNonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
45,533 Citations1992Edward L. Kaplan, Paul Meier
Revue économiqueNonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
35,492 Citations1958Henri Guitton, Sidney Siegel
British Journal of CancerDesign and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. II. Analysis and examples
8,392 Citations1977Richard Peto, M. C. Pike +8 more
Efficient methods of analysis of randomized clinical trials in which the authors wish to compare the duration of survival among different groups of patients are described.
British Journal of CancerDesign and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. I. Introduction and design
2,312 Citations1976Richard Peto, Malcolm C. Pike +8 more
This report is the first simple account yet published for non-statistical physicians of how to analyse efficiently data from clinical trials of survival duration, and it may be preferable to use these statistical methods to study time to local recurrence of tumour, or toStudy time to detectable metastatic spread, in addition to studying total survival.
BiometricsObtaining Confidence Intervals for the Risk Ratio in Cohort Studies
409 Citations1978Daniela Katz, Jorge Baptista +2 more
Annals of Internal MedicineThe Clinical Significance of <i>Campylobacter pylori</i>
265 Citations1988Cornelius P. Dooley, HARTLEY COHEN
Campylobacter pylori has many attributes in common with other campylobacters but it may represent a new genus and it produces abundant quantities of urease, and this property has been used to develop a rapid diagnostic test.
JAMAThe Physical and Psychological Sequelae of Torture
214 Citations1988Anne E. Goldfeld
It is revealed that certain tortures and their physical and emotional sequelae are more prevalent than previously appreciated and the use of standardized diagnostic criteria in the evaluation of patients who have survived torture is recommended.
American Journal of PsychiatryForty-year follow-up of United States prisoners of war
193 Citations1986J. C. Kluznik, Nancy Speed +2 more
The authors performed structured psychiatric examinations of 188 former prisoners of war and confirmed the DSM-III concept of and criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder.
American Journal of EpidemiologyFOLLOW-UP STUDIES OF WORLD WAR II AND KOREAN WAR PRISONERS
179 Citations1975Gilbert W. Beebe
Persistent psychiatric sequelae are the more notable and pervasive for both Pacific World War II POW's and Korean War POW's as seen not only in elevated hospital admission rates but also in VA disability awards and in symptoms reported on the cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire.
Journal of Clinical PsychologyPTSD 40 years later: Incidence and person-situation correlates in former POWs
118 Citations1989Robert A. Zeiss, Harold R. Dickman
A statewide sample of WWII ex-POWs responded to questionnaires that sampled current and past difficulties with PTSD-related symptoms; an incidence of serious difficulties with these symptoms of 56% was revealed.
American Journal of PsychiatryPsychiatric illness in U.S. Air Force Viet Nam prisoners of war: a five- year follow-up
96 Citations1981Robert J. Ursano, James A. Boydstun +1 more
Data indicate a significant degree of psychiatric readjustment problems, which were greatest among POWs captured before 1969, and support the association of an unusually stressful environment with an increased incidence of psychiatric illness.
American Journal of EpidemiologyFOLLOW-UP STUDIES OF WORLD WAR II AND KOREAN CONFLICT PRISONERS. III. MORTALITY TO JANUARY 1, 1976
88 Citations1980Robert J. Keehn
No evidence of increased aging among former prisoners of war is seen in mortality from the chronic and degenerative diseases, while the reported mortality experience for World War II spans 30 calendar years and for Korea 22 years.
American Journal of EpidemiologyFOLLOW-UP STUDIES OF WORLD WAR II AND KOREAN WAR PRISONERS: I. STUDY PLAN AND MORTALITY FINDINGS1
82 Citations1970M. Dean Nefzger
American Journal of PsychiatryThe Viet Nam Era prisoner of war: precaptivity personality and the development of psychiatric illness
74 Citations1981Robert J. Ursano
The author examines the role of the preexisting personality structure in the development of psychiatric illness after prisoner of war (POW) experience using case studies of six repatriated Viet Nam POWs who were coincidentally evaluated before their captivity to indicate that the presence of psychiatric illnesses or predisposition to psychiatric illness is neither necessary nor sufficient.
Psychiatric ServicesPrevalence of Somatic and Psychiatric Disorders Among Former Prisoners of War
62 Citations1991Raina Eberly, Brian Engdahl
POWs had moderately elevated lifetime prevalence rates of depressive disorders and greatly elevated rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), although their rates of hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and alcoholism were not elevated.
Military MedicineThe Prisoner of War
62 Citations1990Robert Joseph Ursano, James R. Rundell
The severity of captivity and the presence or absence of social supports during and after the POW experience play major roles in the recovery or illness that may occur after repatriation.
The Medical Journal of AustraliaGastrointestinal morbidity among World War II prisoners of war: 40 years on
59 Citations1985Kerry Goulston, Owen F. Dent +5 more
A study of Australian male World War II veterans was conducted to assess clinically the gastrointestinal ill‐effects which were present 40 years after the stress of internment as prisoners of war of the Japanese.
The Journal of Nervous and Mental DiseasePrevalence and Correlates of Depressive Symptoms among Former Prisoners of War
48 Citations1991William F. Page, Brian Engdahl +1 more
Evidence is found that depressive symptomatology, as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, is elevated in World War II POWs from the Pacific and European theaters and in Korean conflict POWs.
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & PsychiatryPersisting nutritional neuropathy amongst former war prisoners.
43 Citations1982Geoff Gill, D. R. Bell
Of 898 former Far East prisoners of war, assessed between 1968 and 1981, 49 had evidence of persisting symptomatic neurological disease dating back to their periods of malnutrition in captivity, with the commonest syndromes being peripheral neuropathy, optic atrophy, and sensori-neural deafness.
Psychological MedicineClinical psychiatric illness in prisoners of war of the Japanese: forty years after release
42 Citations1986Christopher Tennant, Kerry Goulston +1 more
Prisoners of war had significantly more anxiety and depressive ‘neuroses’ and more major affective illness, although the latter finding was not statistically significant and the two groups did not differ in the risk of alcohol abuse and dependence.
The Journal of Nervous and Mental DiseaseCoping and Recovery Styles in the Vietnam Era Prisoner of War
38 Citations1986Robert J. Ursano, Richard D. Wheatley +3 more
Examination of four coping styles of USAF POWs related to successful/ unsuccessful coping and resistance stance during captivity and cognitive integration of the prisoner experience after repatriation indicates that no coping style is clearly associated with an increased risk of postrepatriation psychiatric morbidity.
Psychological ReportsPerson and Situation Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Pow Survivors
33 Citations1990Patricia B. Sutker, Franlynn Bugg +1 more
131 former POWs assigned PTSD diagnoses were distinguished from 62 of their nondiagnosed counterparts by greater stressor severity reflected in measures of confinement weight loss and psychological and biological hardship as well as person characteristics of less socioeconomic advantage and lower military rank.
Europe PMC (PubMed Central)The Health of Former Prisoners of War: Results from the Medical Examination Survey of Former POWs of World War II and the Korean Conflict
24 Citations1992William F. Page
Using the results from comprehensive medical examinations, this volume explores the prevalence of disease among former prisoners of war of World War II and the Korean conflict and the relationship between that prevalence and their decades-earlier treatment while in captivity.
Australian & New Zealand Journal of PsychiatryMemories of Vietnam: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders in Australian Veterans
20 Citations1990Christopher Tennant, Jeffrey Streimer +1 more
It is suggested that post traumatic stress disorder (or war neurosis) has possibly been under-diagnosed by treating psychiatrists in the Veterans Affairs Department, especially in the pre-DSM-III era.
The Medical Journal of AustraliaChronic morbidity of former prisoners of war and other Australian veterans
18 Citations1991Alison Venn, Charles Guest
This report is the first summary article from a review of studies on long‐term morbidity associated with war service or internment, commissioned by the Sir Edward Dunlop Medical Research Foundation.
American Journal of PsychiatryPsychiatric effects of prolonged Asian captivity: a two-year follow-up
17 Citations1976R C Hall, P T Malone
It is found that most of the men experiences cognitive, social, work, emotional, and family difficulties during the first two years after their return, but most of these problems were resolved after two years, and there was no evidence of the concentration camp syndrome, homicidal or suicidal behavior, violent physical aggression, impotence, fugue states, psychosomatic disorders, or major psychiatric illnesses in any of theMen.
PsychiatryOperation Homecoming: Psychological Observations of Repatriated Vietnam Prisoners of War
16 Citations1975Robert S. Andersen
In military service as a psychiatrist stationed at Scott Air Force Base, I had the opportunity to do the psychiatric evaluations on a number of the prisoners of war returning from North Vietnam, probably unique in military history in that it was comprised almost entirely of officers.
Military MedicineInjuries and Illnesses of Vietnam War POWs. I. Navy POWs
14 Citations1977S. WILLIAM BERG, Milton Richlin
Australian & New Zealand Journal of PsychiatryPsychosocial Causes of Duodenal Ulcer
13 Citations1988Chris Tennant
It is concluded that Alexander's inclusion of duodenal ulcer as one of a handful of classic psychosomatic disorders has been confirmed and some role for psychological treatments for patients who relapse and have co-existing high state or trait anxiety or exposure to chronic stressors.
Military MedicineInjuries and Illnesses of Vietnam War POWs. IV. Comparison of Captivity Effects in North and South Vietnam
11 Citations1977S. William Berg, Milton Richlin
PubMedSerial personality evaluations of repatriated U.S. Air Force Southeast Asia POWs.
8 Citations1982Richard D. Wheatley, Robert J. Ursano
The results of 294 initial and 160 second Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) evaluations obtained during a 5-year voluntary follow-up program for all 332 repatriated U.S. Air Force Southeast Asia Prisoners of War indicate the Pre-69 RPWs may be at increased risk for psychological distress.
PsycEXTRA DatasetA Comparison Group for the Navy Repatriated Prisoners of War from Vietnam: Selection Procedures Used and the Lessons Learned
4 Citations1978Raymond C. Spaulding, Lester E. Murphy +1 more