Hepatitis C virus infection among a cohort of Victorian injecting drug users

To describe the epidemiology of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Victoria, a large number of cases are diagnosed with HCV each year.

Abstract

This population of IDUs has a very high rate of exposure to HCV, related to duration of injecting and independently to opiate use and prison history, perhaps reflecting increased risk in particular social networks. There is evidence of high rates of carriage of HCV, of continuing transmission of HCV, and of ongoing liver disease among these IDUs. If these IDUs are at all representative of all IDUs in Australia, we estimate that 80,000 current and former IDUs may be at risk of chronic liver disease from HCV, and that 8000-10,000 new infections may be occurring each year. Two subjects who were seronegative had HCV RNA detectable in sera. These data have important implications for screening programs and document the need for further measures to prevent spread of blood-borne viruses including HIV among IDUs.