Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Childhood

Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common disorder affecting all age ranges. Studies have indicated that OCD is a heterogeneous disorder with many possible subgroups. It has a bimodal age at onset, which emphasizes the hypothesis that early-onset OCD patients represent a distinct subgroup. Some of the most relevant studies on the early-onset OCD subtype are presented. These studies have reported a male predominance, high comorbidity rates, and higher familial risk for OCD and tic disorders among first-degree family members. Similar to the treatment recommendations for adults, there are empirical data showing the efficacy of both serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of children and adolescents with OCD. Future research is warranted and should integrate categorical and dimensional approaches in the search for a better understanding of the complex interaction between OCD phenotypes and genotypes.