Monitoring constructivist classroom learning environments

Abstract

The incorporation of constructivist and critical theory perspectives on the farming of the classroom learning environment led to the development of the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES). CLES enables researchers and teacher-researchers to monitor constructivist teaching approaches and to address key restraints to the development of constructivist classroom climates. CLES assesses either student or teacher perceptions of Personal Relevance, Uncertainty, Student Negotiation, Shared Control, and Critical Voice. The p plausibility of the CLES was established in small-scale classroom-based qualitative studies and its statistical integrity and robustness were validated in large-scale studies conducted in the USA and Australia.