Finite element analysis of incompressible viscous flows by the penalty function formulation

Abstract

A review of recent work and new developments are presented for the penalty-function/finite element formulation of incompressible viscous flows. Basic features of the penalty method are described in the context of the steady and unsteady Navier-Stokes equations. Galerkin and “upwind” treatments of convection terms are discussed. Numerical results indicate the versatility and effectiveness of the new methods.