Memory: Anatomical Organization of Candidate Brain Regions
Comprehensive physiologyPublished 1 December 1987
David G. Amaral
Citations262
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.76
SNIP1.49
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Abstract
The sections in this article are: 1 Relationship Between Association Cortices and Medial Temporal Lobe 2 Anatomy of Hippocampal Formation 2.1 Species Differences 2.2 Nomenclature 2.3 Subdivisions 2.4 Intrinsic Circuitry 2.5 Hippocampal Topography 2.6 Extrinsic Connections 2.6.1 Subcortical Connections 2.6.2 Commissural Connections 2.6.3 Cortical Projections 2.6.4 Summary 2.7 Immunohistochemical Studies of Neuroactive Substances 2.7.1 Peptides 2.7.2 Other Neuroactive Substances 3 Anatomy of Mamillary Complex 3.1 Intrinsic Organization 3.1.1 Medial Mamillary Nucleus 3.1.2 Lateral Mamillary Nucleus 3.1.3 Associated Nuclei 3.2 Afferents 3.3 Efferents 3.4 Connections of Associated Nuclei 4 Anatomy of Amygdaloid Complex 4.1 Nomenclature and Subdivisions 4.2 Intrinsic Circuitry 4.3 Extrinsic Connections 4.3.1 Brain Stem 4.3.2 Hypothalamus 4.3.3 Thalamus 4.3.4 Basal Forebrain 4.3.5 Striatum 4.3.6 Hippocampal Formation 4.3.7 Cortex 4.4 Neuroactive Substances 4.4.1 Amino Acids 4.4.2 Peptides 5 Comparison of Organization of Amygdaloid Complex and Hippocampal Formation 6 Anatomy of Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus 6.1 Intrinsic Organization 6.2 Cortical Connections 6.3 Subcortical Connections 7 Neuropathology of Memory-Related Structures in Alzheimer's Disease 7.1 Hippocampal Formation 7.2 Amygdaloid Complex 7.3 Mamillary Complex and Mediodorsal Thalamus 7.4 Loss of Neuroactive Substances in Alzheimer-Affected Hippocampal Formation 8 Temporal Stem Hypothesis Revisited 9 Are There Additional Candidate Structures?
Keywords
NeuroscienceBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
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274 Citations1985Catherine Verney, Michel Baulac +4 more
The hippocampostriatal projections, that represent a link between the limbic and central motor mechanisms, could be under dopaminergic influence.
Brain ResearchNeurotensin receptor localization by light microscopic autoradiography in rat brain
269 Citations1981W. Scott Young, Michael J. Kuhar
The results suggest sites of neurotensin's action in producing various physiological effects such as hypothermia and analgesia in mammalian brain sections.
Journal of NeuroscienceAutoradiographic localization of cholecystokinin receptors in rodent brain
266 Citations1983MA Zarbin, RB Innis +3 more
The results are discussed in terms of physiological functions associated with CCK, presynaptic receptors, and axonal flow of CCK receptors in the guinea pig and rat central nervous system.
ScienceSubicular Input from Temporal Cortex in the Rhesus Monkey
266 Citations1979Gary W. Van Hoesen, Douglas L. Rosene +1 more
The subicular cortices of the primate hippocampal formation form a physical and connectional link between the cortex of the temporal lobe and the hippocampus, and underscore the pivotal role of these areas in the potential interplay between the hippocampus and the association cortices.
Brain ResearchA new type of specific interneuron in the monkey hippocampus forming synapses exclusively with the axon initial segments of pyramidal cells
263 Citations1983Péter Somogyi, M.G. Nunzi +2 more
An interneuron is found in the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus which forms synapses exclusively on the axon initial segments ofPyramidal neurons and so might be involved in the generation of rhythmic activity and in epileptogenesis.
Brain ResearchAfferent connections of the entorhinal area in the rat as demonstrated by retrograde cell-labeling with horseradish peroxidase
259 Citations1978Robert M. Beckstead
Although HRP injection of either division of EC led to cell-labeling in the hippocampal formation, most in ammonic field CA1 and the subiculum, several cells of the presubiculum were preferentially labeled by injection of MEA, suggesting that EC is projected upon by several allocortical and subcortical structures and that there are differences in the afferent connections of the two subdivisions.
Acta NeuropathologicaTopographic distribution of neurofibrillary tangles and granulovacuolar degeneration in hippocampal cortex of aging and demented patients. A quantitative study
257 Citations1978Melvyn J. Ball
The notable similarities of both such orders of predilection to the well-recognized “selective vulnerability” of certain hippocampal neurones in clinical conditions of hypoxia, ischemia and epilepsy suggest some common, focally accentuated cytotoxic mechanism may underlie all these regional predispositions.
NeuroscienceThe cytoarchitecture, histochemistry and projections of the tuberomammillary nucleus in the rat
251 Citations1985C. Köhler, Larry W. Swanson +2 more
NeuroendocrinologyEvidence for the Release of Vasopressin and Oxytocin into Cerebrospinal Fluid: Measurements in Plasma and CSF of Intact and Hypophysectomized Rats
246 Citations2008J. Dogterom, Tj. B. van Wimersma Greidanus +1 more
Arginine-8-vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) were measured by radio-immunoassay (RIA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of Wistar rats under various conditions.
Journal of NeuroscienceEvidence for collateral projections by neurons in Ammon's horn, the dentate gyrus, and the subiculum: a multiple retrograde labeling study in the rat
244 Citations1981LW Swanson, P.E. Sawchenko +1 more
The cortical and cortico-subcortical connections of the hippocampal formation thus appear to be quite different from those of the neo-cortex, and the existence of such an extensive system of collateral projections clearly has important consequences for studies of the development of the hippocampus and of its response to selective deafferentation.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyA study of the reciprocal connections between the septum and the entorhinal area using anterograde and retrograde axonal transport methods in the rat brain
243 Citations1984Ángel Alonso, Christer Köhler
Findings suggest that the septo‐entorhinal projection consists of a cholinergic as well as a noncholinergic component.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyProjections of the amygdala to the thalamus in the cynomolgus monkey
236 Citations1984John P. Aggleton, Mortimer Mishkin
The findings from the two types of tracer experiments demonstrated the origins, course, and terminal pattern of amygdaloid projections to two thalamic nuclei – medialis dorsalis (MD) and reuniens.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyIpsilateral afferents to the commissural zone of the fascia dentata, demonstrated in decommissurated rats by silver impregnation
235 Citations1971Jens Zimmer
An ipsilateral pathway to the commissural zone of the dentate fascia has been demonstrated in the rat using the Fink‐Heimer silver impregnation method and the resulting degeneration was shown to be of purely ipsilaterally origin.
BrainNEURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF THE AMYGDALOID COMPLEX IN THE MONKEY
231 Citations1962Walle J. H. Nauta
This paper is the result of a series of experiments performed in an attempt to determine the wider neural organizations of which the amygdaloid complex forms a part.
NeuroscienceThe distribution of enkephalin immunoreactive fibers and terminals in the monkey central nervous system: An immunohistochemical study
230 Citations1982Suzanne N. Haber, R. Elde
Differences were observed in some areas including the hypoglossal nucleus, substantia nigra and in the region of the nucleus accumbens and olfactory area and the possible functional significance of enkephalin localization in regions related to regulation of pain, mood, and autonomic function is discussed.
Brain Research BulletinCholinergic projections to the basolateral amygdala: A combined Evans Blue and acetylcholinesterase analysis
229 Citations1982Nancy J. Woolf, Larry L. Butcher
It is concluded that the major cholinergic input to the basolateral amygdala derives from the basal forebrain, following microscopic evaluation of labelled somata and intracellular organization of the AChE reaction product.
Brain ResearchAssociational and commissural collaterals of neurons in the hippocampal formation (Hilus fasciae dentatae and subfield CA3)
228 Citations1981Søren Laurberg, Knud Erik Sørensen
It is concluded that the commissural and associational fibers to the area dentata and the Ammon's horn arise from neurons in the hilus and the CA3, respectively, and that at least some hilus and CA3 neurons have both an associational and a commISSural branch.
Journal of NeurochemistryQUANTITATIVE HISTOCHEMISTRY OF ACETYL‐CHOLINESTERASE IN RAT HIPPOGAMPAL REGION CORRELATED TO HISTOCHEMICAL STAINING
227 Citations1970Jon Storm‐Mathisen
The quantitative histochemistry of acetylcholinesterase has been examined in hippocampus (regio superior) and area dentata and the highest activities were found in two zones adjacent to the granular layer.
Brain Behavior and EvolutionThalamic Relationships of the Medial Cortex in the Rat (Part 1 of 2)
226 Citations2008Valerie B. Domesick
Thalamic projections to the medial cortex (cingulate cortex and presubiculum) were studied by the use of anterograde degeneration methods and observations made in rats with various lesions of the anterio.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyAfferent connections to the amygdaloid complex of the rat with some observations in the cat. III. Afferents from the lower brain stem
224 Citations1981Ole Petter Ottersen
The projections from the medulla oblongata, pons, and mesencephalon to each nucleus of the amygdaloid complex of the rat were investigated by the use of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyAfferent connections to the amygdaloid complex of the rat and cat: II. Afferents from the hypothalamus and the basal telencephalon
221 Citations1980Ole Petter Ottersen
The projections from the basal telencephalon and hypothalamus to each nucleus of the amygdaloid complex of the rat, and to the central amygdala of the cat, were investigated by the use of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase.
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