Loss of early insulin secretion leads to postprandial hyperglycaemia
DiabetologiaPublished 1 March 2003Open access
Stefano Del Prato
Citations149
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score3.62
SNIP2.67
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The critical role of the early-phase insulin response in determining postprandial hyperglycaemia, is supported by an amelioration of glucose tolerance by restoring the acute rise in plasma insulin concentrations after the ingestion of both glucose and a mixed meal.
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring a physiological pattern of insulin secretion could prove effective in reducing postprandial glucose excursions particularly in the early stage of Type II diabetes.
Keywords
Medicine
Diabetes CarePathogenesis of NIDDM: A Balanced Overview
2,098 Citations1992Ralph A. DeFronzo, Riccardo C. Bonadonna +1 more
Information concerning the loss of first-phase insulin secretion, altered pulsatility of insulin release, and enhanced proinsulin-insulin secretory ratio is discussed as it pertains to altered β-cell function in NIDDM.
Journal of Clinical InvestigationThe natural history of insulin secretory dysfunction and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus
1,937 Citations1999Christian Weyer, Clifton Bogardus +2 more
Defects in insulin secretion and insulin action occur early in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and intervention to prevent diabetes should target both abnormalities.
The LancetRole of glucose and insulin resistance in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: results of a 25-year follow-up study
1,167 Citations1992Blaise C. Martin, James H. Warram +5 more
A minimum model of glucose disposal and insulin secretion based on intravenous glucose tolerance tests to estimate insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness, and first-phase and second-phase beta-cell responsiveness in normoglycaemic offspring of couples who both had type 2 diabetes found that insulin secretion was appropriate for the level of insulin resistance.
New England Journal of MedicineEarly Metabolic Defects in Persons at Increased Risk for Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
822 Citations1989Johan G. Eriksson, A. Franssila-Kallunki +5 more
It is concluded that impaired glucose metabolism is common in the first-degree relatives of patients with NIDDM, despite their normal results on oral glucose-tolerance tests.
New England Journal of MedicineRole of Reduced Suppression of Glucose Production and Diminished Early Insulin Release in Impaired Glucose Tolerance
587 Citations1992Asimina Mitrakou, David E. Kelley +5 more
Impaired glucose tolerance, the precursor of NIDDM, results primarily from reduced suppression of hepatic glucose output due to abnormal pancreatic islet-cell function.
New England Journal of MedicineImpaired Glucose Tolerance as a Disorder of Insulin Action
582 Citations1988Stephen Lillioja, David M. Mott +8 more
The data show that impaired glucose tolerance in the study population is primarily due to impaired insulin action, and relative insulin deficiency first appears at the lower end of the second (diabetic) mode seen in population frequency distributions of plasma glucose concentrations.
DiabetesPredominant Role of Gluconeogenesis in Increased Hepatic Glucose Production in NIDDM
395 Citations1989Agostino Consoli, N. Nurjhan +2 more
It is concluded that increased gluconeogenesis is the predominant mechanism responsible for increased hepatic glucose output in NIDDM.
Endocrine ReviewsPathophysiology and Pharmacological Treatment of Insulin Resistance*
351 Citations2000S. Matthäei, Michael Stümvoll +2 more
This review focuses on the pathophysiology and molecular pathogenesis of insulin resistance and on the capability of antihyperglycemic pharmacological agents to treat insulin resistance, i.e., a-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, sulfonylureas, and insulin.
Diabetes Research and Clinical PracticePostprandial hyperglycaemia and α-glucosidase inhibitors
294 Citations1998Alain Baron
New agents that control postprandial hyperglycaemia have been developed, for example, the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose, which has a potential to reduce the progression of diabetes as well as macro- and microvascular complications associated with diabetes.
DiabetesThe Metabolic Profile of NIDDM Is Fully Established in Glucose-Tolerant Offspring of Two Mexican-American NIDDM Parents
274 Citations1992Giovanni Gulli, Eleuterio Ferrannini +3 more
The results indicate that the glucose-tolerant offspring of two NIDDM parents are characterized by hyperinsulinemia and manifest all of the metabolic abnormalities that characterize the fully established diabetic state, including insulin resistance, a major impairment in nonoxidative glucose disposal, a quantitatively less important defect in glucose oxidation, and a diminished insulin-mediated suppression of lipid oxidation and plasma FFA concentration.
Journal of Clinical InvestigationDirect assessment of liver glycogen storage by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and regulation of glucose homeostasis after a mixed meal in normal subjects.
261 Citations1996Roy Taylor, I Magnusson +5 more
Data are provided for the first time a comprehensive picture of normal carbohydrate metabolism in humans after ingestion of a mixed meal and the pathways of hepatic glycogen synthesis to elucidate the homeostatic adaptation to the fed state in healthy human subjects.
DiabetesPhasic Insulin Release and Metabolic Regulation in Type 2 Diabetes
224 Citations2002Stefano Del Prato, Piero Marchetti +1 more
In type 2 diabetes, loss of the early surge of insulin release is an early and quite common defect that may have a pathogenetic role in the development of postprandial hyperglycemia, possibly requiring specific therapeutic intervention.
DiabetesPhysiological Importance of Deficiency in Early Prandial Insulin Secretion in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes
222 Citations1988David Bruce, Donald J. Chisholm +2 more
It is concluded that the deficiency in early prandial insulin secretion contributes toPrandial hyperglycemia and late hyperinsulinemia and may be partially responsible for the abnormal FFA and glucagon responses in NIDDM.
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and MetabolismEffect of loss of first-phase insulin secretion on hepatic glucose production and tissue glucose disposal in humans
190 Citations1989Livio Luzi, Ralph A. DeFronzo
To examine the importance of first-phase insulin secretion on total body glucose homeostasis, six normal subjects received three hyperglycemic clamp studies in combination with [3-3H]glucose to mimic both the first and second phase of insulin secretion.
Diabetes“What Is Inherited – What Is Added” Hypothesis for the Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus
174 Citations1967Erol Cerasi, Rolf Luft
A working hypothesis for the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus has been drawn up which has found partial support in experimental data in human subjects and is suggested as a major possible inherited pathogenetic component.
DiabetesRestoration of early rise in plasma insulin levels improves the glucose tolerance of type 2 diabetic patients.
166 Citations1999Daniela Bruttomesso, A. Pianta +6 more
Results show that an early rise in plasma insulin levels after the ingestion of a glucose load is associated with a significant improvement in glucose tolerance due to a prompter, though short-lived, suppression of endogenous glucose production, and restoration of a more physiologic profile of prandial plasma insulin profile represents a rational approach for treatment of type 2 diabetic patients.
Endocrine ReviewsAspects of the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes*
154 Citations1984Suad Efendić, Rolf Luft +1 more
A strong proof for the concept of subdividing diabetic patients into insulin-sensitive and insulin-insensitive patients was provided when Yalow and Berson demonstrated that, in response to provocative testing, plasma insulin activity was absent in diabetics with weight loss and ketosis but was essentially normal in overweightdiabetics without ketosis.
DiabetesLoss of Early Phase of Insulin Release in Humans Impairs Glucose Tolerance and Blunts Thermic Effect of Glucose
153 Citations1987Jorge Calles-Escandón, David C. Robbins
Surprisingly, it is found that glucose-induced thermogenesis was reduced in association with loss of the early phase of insulin release and this could provide a possible mechanism that could lead eventually to obesity and diabetes.
Mayo Clinic ProceedingsThe Exocrine Pancreas: Biology, Pathobiology, and Diseases
142 Citations1986Charles F. Frey
Diabetes CareImportance of Early Insulin Secretion
129 Citations2001Priscilla Hollander, Sherwyn Schwartz +5 more
It is demonstrated that nateglinide selectively enhanced early insulin release and provided better mealtime glucose control with less total insulin exposure than glyburide.
MetabolismSimilar reduction of first- and second-phase B-cell responses at three different glucose levels in type II diabetes and the effect of gliclazide therapy
125 Citations1989John Hosker, Aram S. Rudenski +3 more
The previously described selective reduction of the first-phase response in type II diabetes may be partly a function of the bolus intravenous glucose tests used, in which impaired glucose tolerance in the diabetics gave a greater glycemic stimulus to the second phase than in normal subjects, and partly secondary to long-term hyperglycemia.
MetabolismCephalic phase metabolic responses in normal weight adults
113 Citations1987David Bruce, Leonard H Storlien +2 more
The aim of these studies was to determine whether cephalic phase insulin release could be demonstrated in normal weight subjects and whether it would be associated with changes in blood glucose, free fatty acid, and pancreatic polypeptide levels.
Diabetic MedicineFasting Serum Insulin Concentration and Early Insulin Response as Risk Determinants for Developing Diabetes
105 Citations1990Hans Lundgren, Calle Bengtsson +3 more
Determination of fasting insulin concentration, especially in overweight hypertensive subjects, is of value in order to find out which subjects are at high risk of developing diabetes.
European Journal of Clinical InvestigationAssessment of β‐cell function during the oral glucose tolerance test by a minimal model of insulin secretion
99 Citations2001A Cretti, Mikko Lehtovirta +9 more
The objective is to characterise the performance of β‐cell during a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to establish an experimental procedure to evaluate this ability to tolerate high levels of glucose.
DiabetesA New Phase Of Insulin Secretion: How Will It Contribute to Our Understanding of β-Cell Function?
95 Citations1989Gerold M. Grodsky
Ultimate appreciation of the significance of the third phase of insulin secretion may develop, as was true for biphasic secretion, with the increasing understanding of the underlying processes in human diabetes.
Diabetic MedicineInsulin Response to Oral Glucose Load is Consistently Decreased in Established Non‐insulin‐dependent Diabetes Mellitus: the Usefulness of Decreased Early Insulin Response as a Predictor of Non‐insulin‐dependent Diabetes Mellitus
94 Citations1996Kinori Kosáka, Takeshi Kuzuya +2 more
A low insulin response to oral glucose, as represented by a low insulinogenic index, is an important inherent characteristic in definite diabetes and probably plays a predominant role in the pathogenesis of NIDDM in most Japanese patients.
Journal of Clinical InvestigationEffects of a change in the pattern of insulin delivery on carbohydrate tolerance in diabetic and nondiabetic humans in the presence of differing degrees of insulin resistance.
89 Citations1996Ananda Basu, Aus Alzaid +4 more
Algeria in the pattern of insulin secretion and action alone or in combination impair glucose tolerance, and Hepatic and extrahepatic insulin resistance results in marked and sustained hyperglycemia.
Hormone and Metabolic ResearchStimulation of Insulin Release by Non-Sulfonylurea Hypoglycemic Agents: The Meglitinide Family
86 Citations1995Willy Malaisse
Several new non-sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents such as A-4166, KAD-1229 and repaglinide are structurally related to meglitinide, which exert little effect upon insulin release in nutrient-deprived islets, but markedly augment glucose-stimulated insulin release.
European Journal of Clinical PharmacologyEffects of a new oral hypoglycaemic agent, repaglinide, on metabolic control in sulphonylurea-treated patients with NIDDM
84 Citations1993Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, L. Nijst +4 more
Repaglinide is a new non-sulphonylurea oral hypoglycaemic agent that has a stimulatory effect on insulin secretion that was evaluated in patients with NIDDM and showed a greater effect on fasting blood glucose than glibenclamide.
DiabetesThe Relative Importance of First- and Second-Phase Insulin Secretion in Countering the Action of Glucagon on Glucose Turnover in the Conscious Dog
60 Citations1982Kurt Steiner, S. Mouton +3 more
Both phases of insulin release are vital to full counterregulation of the action of glucagon on glucose metabolism, while second-phase insulin release is important to sustain that inhibition and to augment glucose utilization.
Diabetes Research and Clinical PracticePossibility of ideal blood glucose control by a new oral hypoglycemic agent, N-[(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexyl)-carbonyl]-d-phenylalanine (A-4166), and its stimulatory effect on insulin secretion in animals
54 Citations1991Yusuke Sato, Masahiko Nishikawa +2 more
A-4166 is a new type of oral hypoglycemic agent, having a rapid and short-term insulin secretory effect and no suppressive effect on the hypoglycemia-induced glucagon response and would exert ideal glycemic control in NIDDM patients.
PubMedInsulinotropic action of meglitinide analogs: concentration-response relationship and nutrient dependency.
34 Citations1994A Bakkali-Nadi, F Malaisse-Lagae +1 more
Iglitinide was a less efficient secretagogue than the other non-sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents and augmented insulin release evoked by either 7 mM D-glucose or 10 microM succinic acid monomethyl ester (SAM).
Acta DiabetologicaMechanisms of acute and chronic hypoglycemic action of gliclazide
12 Citations2000Virgilio Da Tos, Alberto Maran +7 more
It is suggested that gliclazide enhances the suppression of EGP induced by insulin and that this effect is greater with chronic treatment because of concomitant improvement of insulin secretion.