Tumor spectrum analysis in p53-mutant mice
Current BiologyPublished 1 January 1994
Tyler Jacks, Lee Ann Remington, Bart O. Williams, Earlene M. Schmitt, Shlomit Halachmi, Roderick T. Bronson
Citations2,064
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.71
SNIP1.83
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TL;DR
It is reaffirm that p53 function is not required for normal mouse development and conclude that p 53 status can strongly influence tumor latency and tissue distribution.
Abstract
We reaffirm that p53 function is not required for normal mouse development and conclude that p53 status can strongly influence tumor latency and tissue distribution.
Keywords
MedicineBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
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Transitions predominate in colorectal carcinomas, brain tumors, leukemias, and lymphomas, whereas G:C to T:A transversions are the most frequent substitutions observed in cancers of the lung and liver.
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Observations indicate that a normal p53 gene is dispensable for embryonic development, that its absence predisposes the animal to neoplastic disease, and that an oncogenic mutant form of p53 is not obligatory for the genesis of many types of tumours.
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ScienceGerm Line p53 Mutations in a Familial Syndrome of Breast Cancer, Sarcomas, and Other Neoplasms
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Germ line p53 mutations have been detected in all five LFS families analyzed and can now be examined in additional families with LFS, and in other cancer patients and families with clinical features that might be attributed to the mutation.
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Cellp53-dependent apoptosis modulates the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents
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It is demonstrated that an oncogene, specifically the adenovirus E1A gene, can sensitize fibroblasts to apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation, 5-fluorouracil, etoposide, and adriamycin, and the involvement of p53 in the apoptotic response suggests a mechanism whereby tumor cells can acquire cross-resistance to anticancer agents.
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It is demonstrated that immature thymocytes lacking p53 die normally when exposed to compounds that may mimic T-cell receptor engagement and to glucocorticoids but are resistant to the lethal effects of ionizing radiation.
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The results show that p53 exerts a significant and dose-dependent effect in the initiation of apoptosis, but only when it is induced by agents that cause DNA-strand breakage.
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The current status of gene targeting with particular emphasis on germ line modification of the mouse genome is discussed, and the different methods so far employed to identify those rare embryonic stem cells in which the desired targeting event has occurred are described.
Genes & DevelopmentThe p53-mdm-2 autoregulatory feedback loop.
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The mdm-2 gene is shown here to contain a p53 DNA-binding site and a genetically responsive element such that expression of the mdm -2 gene can be regulated by the level of wild-type p53 protein.
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A mouse strain has been constructed in which one allele of Rb is disrupted, and heterozygous animals are not predisposed to retinoblastoma, but some display pituitary tumours arising from cells in which the wild-type Rb allele is absent.
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A positive and negative selection procedure is described that enriches 2,000-fold for those cells that contain a targeted mutation in mouse embryo-derived stem cells.
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Loss of wild-type p53 may lead to amplification, possibly caused by changes in cell cycle progression, since tumor cells with wild- type p53 have the ability to amplify genes.
CellNeonatal lethality and lymphopenia in mice with a homozygous disruption of the c-abl proto-oncogene
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CellWild-type p53 restores cell cycle control and inhibits gene amplification in cells with mutant p53 alleles
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It is shown that the wild-type p53 allele is lost when fibroblasts from patients with the Li-Fraumeni syndrome are passaged in vitro, and p53 contributes to a metabolically regulated G1 check-point, and they provide a model for understanding how abnormal cell cycle progression leads to the genetic rearrangements involved in tumor progression.
ScienceIdentification of p53 as a Sequence-Specific DNA-Binding Protein
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Data suggest that a function of p53 may be mediated by its ability to bind to specific DNA sequences in the human genome, and that this activity is altered by mutations that occur in human tumors.
NatureRequirement for a functional Rb-1 gene in murine development
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It is reported here that young heterozygous mice do not appear abnormal and do not develop retinoblastoma at a detectable frequency, however, homozygous mutant embryos fail to reach term and show a number of abnormalities in neural and haematopoietic development.
ScienceOncogenic forms of p53 inhibit p53-regulated gene expression
918 Citations1992S E Kern, JA Pietenpol +4 more
C Cotransfection experiments showed that wild-type p53 activated the expression of genes adjacent to a p53 DNA binding site, which correlated with DNA binding in vitro and provided a basis for the selection of such mutants during tumorigenesis.
DevelopmentTeratocarcinomas and Embryonic Stem Cells: A Practical Approach
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The results allowed us to assess the importance of knowing the carrier and removal status of canine coronavirus, as a source of infection for other animals, not necessarily belonging to the same breeds.
Nature GeneticsGain of function mutations in p53
900 Citations1993Dirk P. Dittmer, Sibani Pati +6 more
These data demonstrate a gain of function associated with p53 mutations in addition to the loss of function shown previously to be associated with mutations in this tumour suppressor gene.
Genes & DevelopmentWild-type p53 mediates apoptosis by E1A, which is inhibited by E1B.
877 Citations1993M Debbas, Eileen White
The p53 protein may function as a tumor suppressor by initiating a cell suicide response to deregulation of growth control by E1A, and the E1B 19K and 55K proteins provide separate mechanisms that disable the cell suicide pathway of p53.
Trends in GeneticsTeratocarcinomas and embryonic stem cells: A practical approach
782 Citations1987Robb Krumlauf
Journal of VirologyMutation is required to activate the p53 gene for cooperation with the ras oncogene and transformation
593 Citations1989Philip W. Hinds, Cathy A. Finlay +1 more
Quantitative improvements of transformation frequencies are associated with the higher expression levels of altered p53 protein that are provided by having one of the p53 introns in the transforming plasmid.
NatureWild-type p53 activates transcription in vitro
591 Citations1992George E. Farmer, Jill Bargonetti +4 more
It is shown that intact purified wild-type human and murine p53 proteins strongly activate transcription in vitro, and this activation depends on the ability of p53 to bind to a template bearing a p53-binding sequence.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesWild-type p53 binds to the TATA-binding protein and represses transcription.
520 Citations1992Edward Seto, Anny Usheva +6 more
It is demonstrated that wild-type but not mutant p53 inhibits transcription in a HeLa nuclear extract from minimal promoters, suggesting a model in which p53 binds to TBP and interferes with transcriptional initiation.
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425 Citations1986Achim Gossler, Thomas Doetschman +3 more
This study demonstrates that blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cells (ES cells) can be used as a vehicle for transgenesis, and the introduced neomycin phosphotransferase (neo) gene is stably transmitted through several generations with no apparent loss in G418 resistance.
ScienceTransgenic Mice as Probes into Complex Systems
362 Citations1989Douglas Hanahan
Transgenic mice represent a new form of perturbation analysis whereby the selective expression of novel or altered genes can be used to perturb complex systems in ways that are informative about their development, their functions, and their malfunctions.
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Genes & DevelopmentWild-type p53 mediates positive regulation of gene expression through a specific DNA sequence element.
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CellReconstitution of p53 expression in a nonproducer Ab-MuLV-transformed cell line by transfection of a functional p53 gene
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The expression of p53 is essential for tumor cells to exhibit a fully transformed phenotype, manifested in lethal tumors in syngeneic mice, and is suggested to be essential for other Ab-MuLV-transformed p53-producer cell lines.
The EMBO JournalAnalysis of the gene coding for the murine cellular tumour antigen p53.
176 Citations1984Brigitta Bienz, Rina Zakut-Houri +2 more
A genomic clone containing the functional gene for the murine p53 cellular tumour antigen was isolated and structurally characterised, and suggestive similarities were found to exist between p53 and the protein product of the myc oncogene.
Cancer Genetics and Cytogeneticsp53 and the Li-Fraumeni syndrome
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The clinical, epidemiologic, genetic, and biologic aspects of the association between p53 and the Li-Fraumeni family cancer syndrome are discussed.
The EMBO JournalPrecise epitope mapping of the murine transformation‐associated protein, p53.
140 Citations1985A.M. Wade-Evans, John R. Jenkins
This approach enabled us to map accurately the binding sites of seven different monoclonal antibodies, demonstrating four distinct antigenic sites on p53, and a synthetic peptide was constructed corresponding to the predicted amino acid sequence of one of these epitopes.
