Cortical control of oculomotor functions. I. Optokinetic nystagmus
Behavioural Brain ResearchPublished 1 May 1985
J. Ventre
Citations31
SJR quartileQ2
SJR score0.92
SNIP0.77
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The middle suprasylvian cortex and particularly LSA regulate the ipsilateral slow phases of OKN, and are concluded to be responsible for horizontal optokinetic nystagmus.
Abstract
The cortical control of horizontal optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) has been studied in 13 adult cats with unilateral lesions. OKN was induced by rotating the visual field around the animals in both binocular and monocular conditions. (1) No deficits of OKN appeared following unilateral ablations of visual cortex. (2) Lesions of different parts of suprasylvian cortex were made: the posterior and the middle suprasylvian cortex involving area 7 and the lateral suprasylvian area (LSA). Only the middle suprasylvian cortex damage produced on OKN asymmetry due to a decrease of the slow-phase velocity directed toward the side of the lesion. The deficits were compensated for within about 10 days. We conclude that the middle suprasylvian cortex and particularly LSA regulate the ipsilateral slow phases of OKN.
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyThe retinotopic organization of area 17 (striate cortex) in the cat
738 Citations1978Ronald J. Tusa, L. A. Palmer +1 more
A single representation of the cat's entire visual field corresponds closely to the cytoarchitectonically defined area 17, which is related to the locations of the corresponding recording sites in the cortex.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyRetinotopic organization of areas 18 and 19 in the cat
532 Citations1979Ronald J. Tusa, Alan C. Rosenquist +1 more
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyThe retinotopic organization of lateral suprasylvian visual areas in the cat
526 Citations1978L. A. Palmer, Alan C. Rosenquist +1 more
This paper describes the somewhat more complex organization of the visual cortex lying on the banks of the middle and posterior suprasylvian sulci, which consists of six retinotopically organized units.
Behavioral and Brain SciencesThe functional organization of posterior parietal association cortex
481 Citations1980James C. Lynch
Evidence from clinical reports and from lesion and behavioral-electrophysiological experiments using monkeys is reviewed and discussed in relation to the overall functional organization of posterior parietal association cortex, and particularly with respect to a proposed posteriorParietal mechanism concerned with the initiation and control of certain classes of eye and limb movements.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyRetinotopic organization of areas 20 and 21 in the cat
278 Citations1980Ronald J. Tusa, L. A. Palmer
The retinotopic organization of cat cortex, in the vicinity of areas 20 and 21 as defined by Heath and Jones ('71), was determined using electrophysiological mapping techniques, and this region appears to contain four representations of the visual hemifield.
Brain ResearchRetinal input to direction selective cells in the nucleus tractus opticus of the cat
226 Citations1975K.-P. Hoffmann, A. Schoppmann
Journal of NeurophysiologyReceptive-field characteristics of single neurons in lateral suprasylvian visual area of the cat
224 Citations1975P. D. Spear, Thomas P. Baumann
The visual receptive fields of 213 cells in the lateral suprasylvian visual cortex were studied in cats anesthetized with nitrous oxide and there was little or no evidence that LS area cells were orientation selective or sensitive to variations in stimulus shape independent of size.
Experimental Brain ResearchA quantitative analysis of the direction-specific response of neurons in the cat's nucleus of the optic tract
204 Citations1981K.‐P. Hoffmann, A. Schoppmann
The direction selectivity and ocular dominance of the NOT system as a whole can provide a possible explanation for the directional asymmetry in the cat's optokinetic nystagmus when only one eye is stimulated.
Brain ResearchParallel thalamic zones in the LP-pulvinar complex of the cat identified by their afferent and efferent connections
190 Citations1978David M. Berson, Ann M. Graybiel
NeuroscienceVisual-vestibular responses in vestibular nuclear neurons in the intact and cerebellectomized, alert cat
174 Citations1979E.L. Keller, W. Precht
Sinusoidal analysis suggests that in the cat the combination of visual and Vestibular inputs at the level of the vestibular nucleus is essentially linear, suggesting a role for visual input in visual-vestibular interaction even at high frequencies.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyVisual cortical areas mediating form discrimination in the cat
164 Citations1977James M. Sprague, Joshua M. Levy +2 more
Cats were trained pre‐ and/or postoperatively on flux and pattern discriminations, and were examined in a series of visuomotor tests which measured attention and orientation to, and following and localization of stationary and moving stimuli, in a free situation and in a perimetry test.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyProjections from visual areas of the middle suprasylvian sulcus onto the lateral posterior complex and adjacent thalamic nuclei in cat
148 Citations1981B. V. Updyke
Differences between the four cortical areas in the pattern and density of their thalamic projections supports the parcellation of these areas as proposed by Palmer et al. ('78).
Annals of NeurologyOptokinetic nystagmus and parietal lobe lesions
139 Citations1980Robert W. Baloh, Robert D. Yee +1 more
It is concluded that the ipsilateral slow phase OKN deficit seen in out patients resulted from damage to the foveal pursuit pathway that runs from the occipitoparietal association area to the iipsilateral brainstem horizontal gaze center.
NeuroscienceProjections of the pulvinar-lateral posterior complex to visual cortical areas in the cat
134 Citations1981Laura L. Symonds, Alan C. Rosenquist +2 more
The data support the division of the pulvinar lateral posterior complex into three zones on the basis of their unique and largely non-overlapping projections to the visual cortex.
Brain ResearchVisual receptive fields in the lateral suprasylvian area (Clare-Bishop area) of the cat
114 Citations1976Rosolino Camarda, Giacomo Rizzolatti
Brain ResearchDirection-specific deficits in horizontal optokinetic nystagmus following removal of visual cortex in the cat
102 Citations1973Charles Cresson Wood, Peter D. Spear +1 more
Brain ResearchA direct afferent visual pathway from the nucleus of the optic tract to the inferior olive in the cat
91 Citations1976K.-P. Hoffmann, K. Behrend +1 more
Brain ResearchAfferents to the lateral suprasylvian gyrus of the cat traced with horseradish peroxidase
85 Citations1974Raymond Maciewicz
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyOrganization of corticothalamic projections from parietal cortex in cat
75 Citations1981Richard T. Robertson, Timothy J. Cunningham
Corticothalamic projections from areas 5a, 5b, and 7 of cat parietal cortex were studied with autoradiographic techniques and the results are discussed with regard to putative sensory response characteristics of these cortical areas and to general thalamocortical organization.
NeuroscienceFunctional organization of the mechanisms subserving the optokinetic nystagmus in the cat
75 Citations1981P.G. Montarolo, W. Precht +1 more
The data suggest that optokinetic nystagmus has two components: a subcortical component in which the temporonasal direction of stimulation is predominant in eliciting the nyStagmus and a cortical component responsible for a symmetrical optomotor response, which also involves the crossed and uncrossed retinal fibres.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyProjections from the parietal cortex to the brain stem nuclei in the cat, with special reference to the parietal cerebro‐cerebellar system
70 Citations1973Noboru Mizuno, Kaori Mochizuki +2 more
Direct projections from the anterior portions of the parietal cortex of the cat to the brain stem nuclei, especially those sending fibers to the cerebellum, were investigated by the Nauta‐Gygax and Fink‐Heimer methods.
NeuroscienceSome cortical and subcortical fiber projections to the accessory optic nuclei in the cat
69 Citations1980David M. Berson, Ann M. Graybiel
Although these afferent projections to the accessory optic nuclei appear individually to be much weaker than the input from the contralateral eye, their presence clearly suggests that transmission of visual information through the terminal nuclei may involve a complex modulation of retinal input by non-retinal pathways.
Experimental Brain ResearchDirect projections from thalamic intralaminar nuclei to extra-striate visual cortex in the cat traced with Horseradish peroxidase
68 Citations1977Henry Kennedy, C. Baleydier
Besides confirmation of a distinct origin of thalamic projections to striate and extra-striate visual cortex, afferents of the intralaminar nuclei to visual cortex were demonstrated and these projections were shown to be specific in that they terminate in areas 18, 19 and Clare Bishop but not area 17.
Archives of Neurology And PsychiatryOPTOKINETIC RESPONSE AND INTRACRANIAL LESIONS
67 Citations1949David G. Cogan
The purpose of the present paper is to record and analyze the results obtained with the optokinetic test in a group of patients with neurologic disease.
Neuroscience LettersRetinal projection to the nucleus of the optic tract in the cat as revealed by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase
61 Citations1981I. Ballas, K.-P. Hoffmann +1 more
Retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase injected iontophoretically into the nucleus of the optic tract of cats revealed that the direction-selective cells in this pretectal nucleus receive direct retinal projections from small retinal ganglion cells, the so-called gamma-cells.
Control of the Optokinetic Reflex by the Nucleus of the Optic Tract in the Cat
59 Citations1983Klaus P. Hoffman
Experimental Brain ResearchCortical neurons projecting to the pontine nuclei in the cat. An experimental study with the horseradish peroxidase technique
59 Citations1979Koki Kawamura, Meizen Chiba
Corticopontine cells were well labeled in experimental cases of 3-days' survival time, confirming the topographical organization established previously by degeneration studies for this projection system, however, in cases of shorter survival time the number of labeled neurons was very small.
Experimental NeurologyTopical organization of the extrageniculate visual system in the cat
56 Citations1974Syosuke Kawamura
The results indicated that there is a retinotopic organization in the ascending projections from the superior colliculus in the cat, and these tectal projections to the pretectum and the pulvinar complex were compared.
Brain Behavior and EvolutionThalamic Projections to Parietal Cortex
52 Citations2008Richard T. Robertson
Investigations of retrogrades transport following intracortical injections of horseradish peroxidase have confirmed the results of retrograde degeneration studies by demonstrating cortically projecting cells in VA, LP, LD, and Pul.
Brain ResearchCortical visual areas of the cat project differentially onto the nuclei of the accessory optic system
51 Citations1982Ronald R. Marcotte, B. V. Updyke
Biological CyberneticsVestibular habituation to angular velocity steps in the cat
48 Citations1976Marc Jeannerod, M. Magnin +2 more
Vestibular habituation was investigated in 6 adult cats submitted to repetitive alternating velocity steps and the progressive change of the nystagmic response was examined by constructing diagrams of the slow cumulative eye position and slow phase eye velocity.
Journal of NeurophysiologyUnit activity in posterior association cortex of cat
48 Citations1975Richard T. Robertson, Kathleen S. Mayers +6 more
"Association" neurons in the posterior middle suprasylvian gyrus of cat were found to be predominantly polysensory, with 82% of the units in the chloralose-anesthetized preparation responding to auditory, visual, and somatic stimuli.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyThe distribution of pontine projection cells in visual and association cortex of the cat: An experimental study with horseradish peroxidase
47 Citations1981K. Albus, F Doñate-Oliver +2 more
The projections from the visual and association areas of the cat's neocortex to the pons were investigated with horseradish peroxidase as retrograde tracer and a pontine projection was found for all the areas investigated.
ScienceAbolition of Optokinetic Nystagmus in the Cat
42 Citations1980Laurence R. Harris, Franco Leporé +2 more
Combining a behavioral and a surgical manipulation, namely complete visual deprivation with surgical section of the optic chiasm, results in the abolition of optokinetic nystagmus in the cat.
Experimental NeurologyThalamic afferents to the rostral portions of the middle suprasylvian gyrus in the cat
39 Citations1975Noboru Mizuno, Akira Konishi +5 more
It was demonstrated morphologically that nerve cells in the rostrodorsal areas of the complex of the anterior ventral and lateral ventral nuclei, the posterior lateral nucleus and the lateral central nucleus of the thalamus in the cat send axons to rostral portions of the middle suprasylvian gyrus.
Experimental Brain ResearchOptokinetic nystagmus deficits following parieto-occipital cortex lesions in monkeys
38 Citations1983James C. Lynch, Jay W. McLaren
It is demonstrated that lesions of parieto-occipital cortex in monkeys produce deficits which are qualitatively similar to, although of shorter duration than, those OKN deficits which commonly are associated with posterior parietal damage in humans.
Experimental Brain ResearchEffects of unilateral superior colliculus ablation on oculomotor and vestibulo-ocular responses in the cat
34 Citations1981J.M. Flandrin, Marc Jeannerod
VOR asymmetry in the dark was no longer present after 2–3 weeks and visual suppression of VOR suppression persisted for a few more days, while the effects of unilateral colliculectomy on VOR were transient.
Neuroscience LettersCells of origin of corticopontine and corticotectal fibers in the medial and lateral banks of the middle suprasylvian sulcus in the cat. An experimental study with the horseradish peroxidase method
31 Citations1978Koki Kawamura, Toshiaki Konno +1 more
It appears that the two descending fibers originate from different, and independent sets of pyramidal neurons in layer V of the cortex, larger and more polymorphic than the corticopontine cells.
Journal of NeurophysiologyResponse properties of neurons in posterior parietal cortex of monkey during visual-vestibular stimulation. II. Optokinetic neurons
30 Citations1984K. Kawano, Masana Sasaki
The results suggest that some of the optokinetic neurons in area 7a or PG may receive extraretinal inputs similar to those that have been suggested to impinge on visual tracking neurons.
Experimental Brain ResearchNeuronal activity during eye movements in a visual association area of cat cerebral cortex
29 Citations1974M. Straschill, Frede Schick
It is suggested that postsaccadic facilitation, which underlies the reactions of type IIb and IIc, may be a correlate of visual attention during the fixation period.
SpringerBriefs in space life sciencesSpatially Oriented Behaviour
29 Citations2017Otmar Bock
This chapter shows that spatial perception and spatial object manipulation may be affected differently by weightlessness, highlights the challenges of spatial navigation with unrestricted degrees of freedom and discusses several alternatives for preflight training of spatially oriented behaviour.
Experimental Brain ResearchSaccadic influences on single neuron activity in the medial bank of the cat's suprasylvian sulcus (Clare Bishop area)
26 Citations1977Henry Kennedy, M. Magnin
Archives of NeurologyOculomotor Function Following Cerebral Hemidecortication in the Monkey
25 Citations1960Pedro Pasik
Observations suggest that the entire cerebrum influences oculomotor function, and in man, there seems to be some cortical specificity for ocular responses.
Neuroscience LettersNeurons in the posterior parietal association cortex of the monkey activated during optokinetic stimulation
6 Citations1981Kenji Kawano, Mitsuyoshi Sasaki
The results suggest that optokinetic neurons in area 7 are likely to provide an information of movement of visual surroundings whether the monkey pursues them or not.