Behavioral management of school phobia
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental PsychiatryPublished 1 June 1970
Teodoro Ayllón, D. Smith, Melanie Rogers
Citations88
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score0.87
SNIP0.84
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Abstract
In an 8-year-old Negro child diagnosed as suffering from school phobia the problem was re-defined as zero or low probability of school attendance. The implementation of techniques for increasing the probability involved getting the child's mother to withdraw the rewards of staying at home. Then a home-based motivational system was used to reinforce school attendance and refusal to attend school resulted in punishment. School attendance was generated quickly and maintained even after the procedures were withdrawn a month later. No 'symptom substitution' was noticed either by the parents or the school officials within the 9 months of follow-up. An additional important finding was that when the child's school phobia was used to produce aversive consequences on the mother it immediately led the mother to find a 'natural' way to rectify her child's psychiatric condition.
Keywords
PsychologySocial Sciences
Conditional ReflexPsychotherapy by reciprocal inhibition
3,383 Citations1968Joseph Wolpe
A variety of the techniques based on reciprocal inhibition, such as systematic desensitization, avoidance conditioning, and the use of assertion, are described in detail.
Archives of Neurology And PsychiatryPsychotherapy by Reciprocal Inhibition
3,096 Citations1958Jules H. Masserman
American Sociological ReviewCase Studies in Behavior Modification.
885 Citations1966Thomas J. Scheff, Leonard P. Ullman +1 more
Archives of General PsychiatryThe Token Economy: A Motivational System for Therapy and Rehabilitation.
536 Citations1969John S. Werry
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of BehaviorTHE PSYCHIATRIC NURSE AS A BEHAVIORAL ENGINEER<sup>1</sup>
512 Citations1959Teodoro Ayllón, Jack Michael
Following the medical paradigm, it is presumed that once the basic disfunction has been properly identified the appropriate treatment will be undertaken and the various manifestations of the disfunction will disappear.
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of BehaviorTHE MEASUREMENT AND REINFORCEMENT OF BEHAVIOR OF PSYCHOTICS<sup>1</sup>
391 Citations1965Teodoro Ayllón, Nathan H. Azrin
An attempt was made to strengthen behaviors of psychotics by applying operant reinforcement principles in a mental hospital ward by standardizing the objective criteria and placing emphasis on objective definition and quantification of the responses and reinforcers and upon programming and recording procedures.
Journal of Mental ScienceThe use of “Emotive Imagery” in the Treatment of Children's Phobias
248 Citations1962Arnold A. Lazarus, Arnold Abramovitz
A Reciprocal Inhibition technique for the treatment of children's phobias is presented which consists essentially of an adaptation of Wolpe's method of “systematic desensitization” but instead of inducing muscular relaxation as the anxiety-inhibiting response, certain emotion-arousing situations are presented to the child's imagination.
Journal of Applied Behavior AnalysisREINFORCER SAMPLING: A TECHNIQUE FOR INCREASING THE BEHAVIOR OF MENTAL PATIENTS<sup>1</sup>
124 Citations1968Teodoro Ayllón, Nathan H. Azrin
A procedure for increasing the frequency of using reinforcers was developed: all patients were required to engage in the reinforcing event each time it was available but the duration of this required participation was limited so that the event was merely sampled.
Journal of Abnormal PsychologyClassical and operant factors in the treatment of a school phobia.
109 Citations1965Arnold A. Lazarus, Gerald C. Davison +1 more
To the best of the knowledge, this report is the 1st to recognize the advantages of employing both classical and operant conditioning procedures in the treatment of a neurotic case.
Behaviour Research and TherapyModification of symptomatic verbal behaviour of mental patients
108 Citations1964Teodoro Ayllón, E. Haughton
The clinically significant verbal behaviour exhibited by three mental patients was systematically manipulated by controlling the reaction of ward staff to the patients' verbalizations to result in a decrease in the frequency of symptomatic verbal responses.
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of BehaviorELIMINATION OF BEHAVIOR OF MENTAL PATIENTS BY RESPONSE‐PRODUCED EXTINCTION<sup>1</sup>
94 Citations1963W. C. Holz, Nathan H. Azrin +1 more
It appears that even very mild punishment may be effective if the over-all frequency of reinforcement can be maintained by means of an alternative unpunished response.
American Journal of OrthopsychiatrySelf-image in school phobia.
71 Citations1964Theodore Leventhal, Malcolm R. Sills
Evidence cited from therapy experience and descriptive findings of other investigators favors a relatively simple, parsimonious interpretation of school phobia, where children overvalue themselves and their achievements, and try to maintain their unrealistic self-image.
American Journal of OrthopsychiatryDesensitization techniques in the treatment of school phobia.
71 Citations1966William Garvey, Jack R. Hegrenes
A child's fear of school was eliminated by having him approach the school accompanied by the therapist and by proceeding in a series of graded steps from the least anxiety-evoking stimulus situation to the most powerful fear stimulus.
The Psychoanalytic QuarterlyCountertransference in the Management of School Phobia
8 Citations1964Vivian Jarvis