Exercise, body mass index, caloric intake, and cardiovascular mortality
American Journal of Preventive MedicinePublished 19 October 2003
Jing Fang, Judith Wylie‐Rosett, Hillel W. Cohen, Robert C. Kaplan, Michael H. Alderman
Citations127
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.08
SNIP1.50
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Lower levels of physical activity and obesity were independently associated with decreased CVD survival and when BMI, physical activity, and other relevant characteristics were taken into account, caloric intake was not related to CVD mortality.
Abstract
In this large general population sample, lower levels of physical activity and obesity were independently associated with decreased CVD survival. Moreover, when BMI, physical activity, and other relevant characteristics were taken into account, caloric intake was not related to CVD mortality.
Keywords
Medicine
JAMAPhysical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine
7,038 Citations1995Russell R. Pate
PsycEXTRA DatasetPhysical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
5,511 Citations1995
This report is the first report of the Surgeon General on physical activity and health, and strong evidence is shown to indicate that regular physical activity will provide clear and substantial health gains.
JAMAPhysical Activity and Public Health
4,341 Citations1995Russell R. Pate
A concise "public health message" was developed to express the recommendations of the expert panel and was formally endorsed by both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine.
Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association IncRegional distribution of body fat, plasma lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease.
1,264 Citations1990Jean‐Philippe Després, Sital Moorjani +4 more
Although body fat distribution is now considered as a more significant risk factor for CVD and related death rate than obesity per se, further research is clearly needed to identify the determinants of bodyfat distribution and the causal mechanisms involved in the metabolic alterations.
JAMAExercise Type and Intensity in Relation to Coronary Heart Disease in Men
915 Citations2002Mihaela Tănăsescu
American Journal of EpidemiologyBody Size and Fat Distribution as Predictors of Coronary Heart Disease among Middle-aged and Older US Men
838 Citations1995Eric B. Rimm, Meir J. Stampfer +5 more
For younger men, obesity, independent offat distribution, is a strong risk factor for coronary heart disease, and for older men, measures of fat distribution may be better than body mass index at predicting risk of coronary disease.
Experimental GerontologyCaloric restriction and aging: an update
613 Citations2000Edward J. Masoro
The following three proposed mechanisms are considered in depth: 1) attenuation of oxidative damage; 2) modulation of glycemia and insulinemia; 3) hormesis.
Diabetes CareDiet and Exercise Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
448 Citations2002Karin M. Nelson, Gayle E. Reiber +1 more
The majority of individuals with type 2 diabetes were overweight, did not engage in recommended levels of physical activity, and did not follow dietary guidelines for fat and fruit and vegetable consumption.
American Journal of EpidemiologyTEN-YEAR INCIDENCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN THE HONOLULU HEART PROGRAM
374 Citations1984Katsuhiko Yano, Dwayne Reed +1 more
Systolic blood pressure was the most powerful and consistent risk factor for all manifestations except AP and Cigarette smoking showed a similar pattern, while alcohol consumption demonstrated a strong protective effect upon fatal CHD and nonfatal MI.
Journal of Applied PhysiologyEffects of exercise and lack of exercise on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity
357 Citations1983Gregory W. Heath, James R. Gavin +4 more
One bout of exercise after 11 days without exercise returned insulin binding and the insulin and glucose responses to an oral 100-g glucose load almost to the initial "trained" value, which support the hypothesis that residual effects of the last bouts of exercise play an important role in this phenomenon.
Sports MedicinePhysical Activity in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
352 Citations2001S. Goya Wannamethee, A G Shaper
The evidence points to the benefit of continued regular moderate physical activity which does not need to be strenuous or prolonged and includes daily leisure activities such as walking or gardening which are readily attainable by large sections of the population.
PubMedPlan and operation of the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study, 1986.
313 Citations1987Christine Cox, M E Mussolino +5 more
A longitudinal study that uses as its baseline those adult persons 25-74 years of age who were examined in the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) to investigate the association between factors measured at baseline and the development of specific health conditions.
American Journal of EpidemiologyTEN-YEAR INCIDENCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN THE HONOLULU HEART PROGRAM
267 Citations1984Daniel McGee, Dwayne Reed +3 more
In multivariate analyses including age, systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, cigarettes smoked per day, and physical activity index, carbohydrates, vegetable protein, percentage of calories from saturated fatty acids, and percentage of Calories from polyunsaturated fatty acids are no longer significantly related to incidence.
American Journal of EpidemiologyLeisure-Time Physical Activity, Television Watching, and Plasma Biomarkers of Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk
257 Citations2000Teresa T. Fung, Frank B. Hu +6 more
In conclusion, physical activity and television watching were significantly associated with several biochemical markers of obesity and CVD risk.
Preventive MedicineImpact of westernization on the nutrition of Japanese: Changes in physique, cancer, longevity and centenarians
233 Citations1978Yasuo Kagawa
Among the Japanese, those in Okinawa were found to have the lowest total energy, sugar and salt, and the smallest physique, but had healthy longevity and the highest centenarian rate.
CirculationDiet and its relation to coronary heart disease and death in three populations.
228 Citations1981Tavia Gordon, A Kagan +6 more
Results suggest additional areas for research, but none of them would lead to an alteration of currently recommended preventive diets that emphasize lowering fat intake, because in isocaloric diets the logical way to balance a decreased fat intake is to increase the consumption of foods containing starch.
American Journal of Clinical NutritionCorrelates of over- and underreporting of energy intake in healthy older men and women
218 Citations1994Johnson Rk, MI Goran +1 more
The under reporting of energy intake increased with the amount of adiposity in women, and none of the physiological variables were significantly correlated with over- or underreporting of energy Intake.
Scientific AmericanCaloric Restriction and Aging
216 Citations1996Richard Weindruch
Eating less but ensuring an adequate supply of protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals, has been shown to improve the health and longevity of rodents and the relevance of these findings to humans is considered.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesThe calorically restricted low-fat nutrient-dense diet in Biosphere 2 significantly lowers blood glucose, total leukocyte count, cholesterol, and blood pressure in humans.
212 Citations1992R. L. Walford, Steven B. Harris +1 more
It is concluded that drastic reductions in cholesterol and blood pressure may be instituted in normal individuals in Western countries by application of a carefully chosen diet and that a low-calorie nutrient-dense regime shows physiologic features in humans similar to those in other animal species.
Free Radical Biology and MedicineRestriction of energy intake, energy expenditure, and aging
205 Citations2000Jon J. Ramsey, Mary‐Ellen Harper +1 more
Results suggest that a lowering of EE could be a mechanism for the action of ER, and additional cellular measurements are needed.
CirculationInhibition of platelet aggregability by moderate-intensity physical exercise: a randomized clinical trial in overweight men.
165 Citations1986Rainer Rauramaa, J T Salonen +5 more
A significant inhibition of secondary platelet aggregation from 27% to 36% was observed in the men taking regular exercise, giving new insight into the possible protective effects of exercise against the risk of ischemic heart disease.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseCardiovascular benefits and assessment of physical activity and physical fitness in adults
164 Citations1992William L. Haskell, Arthur S. Leon +9 more
American Journal of EpidemiologyRisk Factors for Mortality from All Causes and from Coronary Heart Disease among Persons with Diabetes
162 Citations1991Earl S. Ford, Frank DeStefano
The authors found age, male sex, severe overweight, and non-leisure-time physical inactivity to be significantly associated with coronary heart disease mortality among persons with diabetes and cholesterol showed a more complex relation to all-cause mortality.
American Journal of Clinical NutritionRelationship of dietary intake to subsequent coronary heart disease incidence: The Puerto Rico Heart Health Program
151 Citations1980Mario R. García-Palmieri, Paul D. Sorlie +4 more
Multivariate analysis demonstrated an independent inverse relation of carbohydrate intake from legumes to CHD incidence, and the apparent protective effect of complex carbohydrate merits further investigation.
American Journal of EpidemiologyRELIABILITY OF SURROGATE INFORMATION ON CIGARETTE SMOKING BY TYPE OF INFORMANT
140 Citations1987Joseph K. McLaughlin, MICHAEL S. DIETZ +2 more
American Journal of Clinical NutritionThe nature and individuality of within-subject variation in energy intake
130 Citations1991Valerie Tarasuk, GH Beaton
Analysis of observed within-subject variation in the energy intake of 29 adults participating in the Beltsville One-Year Dietary Intake Study suggest that individuals possess characteristic patterns of variability in total food intake (expressed as energy intake).
Statistics in MedicineValidity of mortality analysis based on retrospective smoking information
100 Citations1989Steven R. Machlin, Joel C. Kleinman +1 more
Results suggest that smoking information obtained from proxy respondents is adequate for analyses of the risk of total mortality associated with smoking and other risk factors, and Cox regression models used to assess the use of retrospective smoking information suggest this.
Journal of Clinical EpidemiologyModerate to high intensity conditioning leisure time physical activity and high cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced plasma fibrinogen in Eastern Finnish men
94 Citations1993Timo A. Lakka, Jukka T. Salonen
The data indicate that a reduction of plasma fibrinogen concentration may be one mechanism through which moderate to high intensity CLTPA and high cardiorespiratory fitness reduce the risk of CHD.
American Journal of Clinical NutritionDietary habits in relation to incidence of cardiovascular disease and death in women: a 12-year follow-up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden
93 Citations1986Leif Lapidus, Henrik Andersson +2 more
Observations suggest that suboptimal intake of nutrients may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease.
The Journals of Gerontology Series AA Study of Caloric Restriction and Cardiovascular Aging in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macacafascicularis): A Potential Model for Aging Research
80 Citations1997William T. Cefalu, J. D. Wagner +6 more
International Journal of Eating DisordersSelf-reported dieting: How should we ask? What does it mean? Associations between dieting and reported energy intake
55 Citations1997Dianne Neumark‐Sztainer, Robert W. Jeffery +1 more
Journal of the American College of NutritionDiet and Exercise Habits of Patients with Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular Disease or Hypertension
54 Citations2002Marian L. Neuhouser, Debra L. Miller +3 more
Participants in this sample with diet-modifiable disorders reported that they are motivated to eat less fat, but most are still overweight or obese, consume a diet high in fat and low in fruits and vegetables and engage in very little physical exercise.
Medicine & Science in Sports & ExerciseAssociations among baseline physical activity and subsequent cardiovascular risk factors
22 Citations1995DEBORAH ROHM YOUNG, Dan S. Sharp +1 more
Results suggest that most cross-sectional associations between physical activity and risk factors diminish over time, providing support for prospective investigations that find physical activity has a beneficial effect on reduced cardiovascular disease partially independent of traditional risk factors.
Journal of Clinical EpidemiologyDo reproductive factors influence colorectal cancer survival?
20 Citations1995Bjarne K. Jacobsen, Stein Emil Vollset +1 more
There is little evidence that reproductive history is of prognostic value for colorectal cancer survival, and possible relationships between reproductive history and cancer survival are investigated.
Diabetes Research and Clinical PracticeThe role of obesity in the association of cardiovascular risk factors and glucose intolerance in small Japanese and North American communities
14 Citations2000Hisashi Adachi, Frederick C. Goetz +5 more
The associations of glucose intolerance with cardiovascular risk factors are more affected by adjustment for BMI in Wadena than in Tanushimaru, not because of a different influence of body weight on risk factors between the two cities, but because obesity is rare in Japan.