Complete Nucleotide Sequence and Organization of the Moloney Murine Sarcoma Virus Genome
SciencePublished 23 October 1981
E. Premkumar Reddy, Mary Jane Smith, Stuart A. Aaronson
Citations96
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score10.42
SNIP6.62
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The complete nucleotide sequence of a mammalian transforming retrovirus, Moloney murine sarcoma virus, has been determined and the nature of some of the important domains in the viral genome has been established.
Abstract
The complete nucleotide sequence of a mammalian transforming retrovirus. Moloney murine sarcoma virus, has been determined. MSV, recombinant virus derived of helper viral and cellular sequences, possesses termini resembling prokaryotic transposable elements. The viral genome has the coding capacity for the Moloney murine leukemia virus gag gene product and contains large deletions in pol and env genes. A large open reading frame encompassing its cell-derived sequences codes for its putative transforming protein. The nature of some of the important domains in the viral genome has been established, and their structure is discussed in relation to their function.
Keywords
MedicineAgricultural and Biological SciencesBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesA new method for sequencing DNA.
7,969 Citations1977Allan M. Maxam, Wendy V. Gilbert
Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Nature3′ Non-coding region sequences in eukaryotic messenger RNA
3,034 Citations1976Nicholas Proudfoot, G.G. Brownlee
A large selection of the 3′ non-coding regions of rabbit and human globin mRN As are 85% homologous, demonstrating that this region is significantly conserved in evolution.
Annual Review of GeneticsREGULATORY SEQUENCES INVOLVED IN THE PROMOTION AND TERMINATION OF RNA TRANSCRIPTION
2,724 Citations1979Martin Rosenberg, Donald Court
NatureActivation of a cellular onc gene by promoter insertion in ALV-induced lymphoid leukosis
1,591 Citations1981W S Hayward, Benjamin G. Neel +1 more
The data indicate that, as a rare event, the ALV provirus integrates adjacent to the c-myc gene and that transcription, initiating from a viral promoter, causes enhanced expression of c- myc, leading to neoplastic transformation.
CellThe structure and evolution of the human β-globin gene family
1,407 Citations1980Argiris Efstratiadis
A model for the involvement of short direct repeat sequences in the generation of deletions in the noncoding and coding regions of B-like globin genes during evolution is described.
ScienceThe Genome of Simian Virus 40
943 Citations1978V. B. Reddy, B. Thimmappaya +7 more
The nucleotide sequence of SV40 DNA was determined, and the sequence was correlated with known genes of the virus and with the structure of viral messenger RNA's.
CellHow do eucaryotic ribosomes select initiation regions in messenger RNA?
833 Citations1978Marilyn Kozak
Assessment of present knowledge about the mechanism by which eucar- yotic ribosomes select the correct site for initiation of protein synthesis finds certain features of translational initia- tion in eucaryotes are sufficiently compelling to warrant discussion.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesNucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site at an early T7 promoter.
609 Citations1975David Pribnow
A seven-base-pair sequence, apparently common to all promoters, is implicated in the formation of a tight binary complex with RNA polymerase.
CellStructure of the Abelson murine leukemia virus genome and the homologous cellular gene: Studies with cloned viral DNA
477 Citations1980Stephen P. Goff, Eli Gilboa +2 more
Circular double-stranded DNA produced after infection of mouse cells with Abelson murine leukemia virus was isolated and cloned in the phage vector Charon 21A and showed homology to the ends of Moloney MuLV and to a 3.5 kb central region containing sequences unique to Abelson virus.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesSimian virus 40 tandem repeated sequences as an element of the early promoter.
465 Citations1981P Gruss, Ravi Dhar +1 more
Observations indicate that the 72-base-pair repeated sequences form an essential element in the early viral transcriptional promoter and explain the inability of such a deleted genome to complement an early temperature-sensitive mutant of SV40, tsA, as well as the failure to replicate its DNA.
ScienceProperties of a Normal Mouse Cell DNA Sequence (sarc) Homologous to the src Sequence of Moloney Sarcoma Virus
336 Citations1980Marianne Oskarsson, W.L. McClements +3 more
A 15.0-kilobase Eco RI DNA fragment from normal mouse Balb/c genomic DNA that contains sequences (sarc) homologous to the acquired cell sequences (src) of Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV) has been cloned in phage lambda.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesNucleotide sequences of integrated Moloney sarcoma provirus long terminal repeats and their host and viral junctions.
323 Citations1980Ravi Dhar, W.L. McClements +2 more
The nucleotide sequence of both 588-base-pair TRS elements and the adjacent host and viral junctions of an integrated MSV cloned in bacteriophage lambda are determined.
NatureSequence of retrovirus provirus resembles that of bacterial transposable elements
286 Citations1980Kunitada Shimotohno, Satoshi Mizutani +1 more
The nucleotide sequences of the terminal regions of an infectious integrated retrovirus cloned in the modified λ phage cloning vector Charon 4A have been elucidated and resemble that of a transposable element and are consistent with the protovirus hypothesis that retroviruses evolved from the cell genome.
NatureNucleotide sequences at host–proviral junctions for mouse mammary tumour virus
255 Citations1981John Majors, Harold Varmus
Proviruses cloned from rat cells infected with mouse mammary tumour virus, a B-type retrovirus regulated by glucocorticoid hormones, show the structural features of transposable elements: short inverted repeats conclude long direct repeats at the ends of viral DNA, and short sequences of cellular DNA are duplicated during Integration.
CellTranslation of MuLV and MSV RNAs in nuclease-treated reticulocyte extracts: Enhancement of the gag-pol polypeptide with yeast suppressor tRNA
227 Citations1978Lennart Philipson, Poul Andersson +4 more
Results suggest that a suppression mechanism may control the relative amounts of core protein and reverse transcriptase synthesized from 35S mRNA, which might be used more generally by mRNAs from mammalian cells.
Gene3′-End labeling of DNA with [α-32P] cordycepin-5′-triphosphate
221 Citations1980Chen‐Pei D. Tu, Stanley N. Cohen
3'-End labeling with [32P] cordycepin-5'-triphosphate has also proved useful in determining the sequence of the pTU4 DNA in the vicinity of a strategically located SstII endonuclease cleavage site in the replication region of the plasmid.
Journal of VirologyProposal for Naming Host Cell-Derived Inserts in Retrovirus Genomes
220 Citations1981John M. Coffin, Harold Varmus +8 more
A system for naming inserted sequences in transforming retroviruses (i.e., onc genes), based on using trivial names derived from a prototype strain of virus, is proposed.
Nucleic Acids ResearchBKV splice sequences based on analysis of preferred donor and acceptor sites
199 Citations1979I. Seif, George Khoury +1 more
The sequences for the preferred donor and acceptor sites provide predictive value in localizing RNA splice points when the DNA sequence is known.
NatureNucleotide sequence and formation of the transforming gene of a mouse sarcoma virus
199 Citations1981Charles Van Beveren, J. Galleshaw +5 more
The predicted amino acid sequence of the mouse sarcoma virus transforming gene was found to share considerable homology with the proposed amino acid sequences of the avian sarcomA virus oncogene (src) product.
CellA defined subgenomic fragment of in vitro synthesized Moloney sarcoma virus DNA can induce cell transformation upon transfection
187 Citations1979Poul Andersson, Mitchell P. Goldfarb +1 more
Mo-MSV DNA synthesized in vitro was found to induce morphological transformation of NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblasts upon transfection, suggesting the establishment of the complete viral genome in these cells.
Naturegag Gene of mammalian type-C RNA tumour viruses
182 Citations1976Mariano Barbacid, John Stephenson +1 more
The translation product of the gag gene of mammalian type-C RNA viruses is a 65,000–68,000 molecular weight precursor polypeptide whose cleavage leads to the formation of four virion proteins, p30, p15, p12 and p10.
CellNucleotide sequence analysis of the Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) of avian retroviruses: Structural similarities with transposable elements
173 Citations1980G Ju, A M Skalka
Observations suggest that the LTR of retroviruses function in the control of gene expression and integration in avian retrovirus recombinant DNA clones.
CellBiosynthesis of Rauscher leukemia viral proteins
148 Citations1975Robert Naso, L.J. Arcement +1 more
Analysis by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of extracts from cells pulse-labeled for 10-20 min with 35 S-methionine showed that immune precipitates contained none of the nonglycosylated internal structural polypeptides of mature viruses.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesNucleotide sequences in mouse DNA and RNA specific for Moloney sarcoma virus.
147 Citations1976Arthur E. Frankel, Peter J. Fischinger
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesNucleotide sequence of Moloney leukemia virus: 3' end reveals details of replications, analogy to bacterial transposons, and an unexpected gene.
128 Citations1980J G Sutcliffe, Thomas M. Shinnick +2 more
This sequence proves that reverse transcriptase switches templates during minus strand synthesis, and shows that the structure of the proviral repeats has strong analogy to bacterial insertion sequences, indicating that the Moloney provirus is a transposon.
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative BiologyTransforming Genes of Retroviruses
124 Citations1980P H Duesberg
NatureSubgenomic, cellular Rous sarcoma virus RNAs contain oligonucleotides from the 3′ half and the 5′ terminus of virion RNA
110 Citations1977Pamela L. Mellon, Peter Duesberg
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesAmino- and carboxyl-terminal amino acid sequences of proteins coded by <i>gag</i> gene of murine leukemia virus
107 Citations1978Stephen Oroszlan, Louis E. Henderson +5 more
A model for cleavage sites involved in the post-translational processing of the precursor coded for by the gag gene is proposed, and the amino-terminal sequences of p30s are identical, as are those of p10s, while the p12 sequences are clearly distinctive but also show substantial homology.
CellA heteroduplex study of the sequence relationships between the RNAs of M-MSV and M-MLV
101 Citations1977Sylvia Hu, Norman Davidson +1 more
It is suggested that the gag genes (internal structural proteins) lie in the 2.25 kb region of homology near the 5' ends of M-MSV and M-MLV RNAs, and that the beta S segment contains a sarcoma (src) gene.
NatureMoloney murine sarcoma proviral DNA is a transcriptional unit
96 Citations1980Edmund W. Benz, Robert Wydro +2 more
A portion of Moloney murine sarcoma virus DNA which is repeated at both ends of the provirus has been sequenced and nucleotide sequence together with hybridization data obtained with in vitro pulse-labelled nascent viral RNA indicate that initiation and termination of RNA synthesis occur within that region of the Provirus.
ScienceMouse globin system: a functional and evolutionary analysis
95 Citations1980Philip Leder, J N Hansen +4 more
Comparison of the sequences of some of these genes to one another indicates that chromosomal DNA is a dynamic structure and that each gene locus is much more complex than was originally supposed.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesNucleotide sequence analysis of the transforming region and large terminal redundancies of Moloney murine sarcoma virus.
81 Citations1980E. Premkumar Reddy, M. J. Smith +5 more
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative BiologyNucleotide-sequence Analysis of Tn3 (Ap): Implications for Insertion and Deletion
77 Citations1979H. Ohtsubo, H. Ohmori +1 more
GeneticsREC-MEDIATED RECOMBINATIONAL HOT SPOT ACTIVITY IN BACTERIOPHAGE LAMBDA. I. HOT SPOT ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED WITH SPI-DELETIONS AND <i>bio</i> SUBSTITUTIONS
70 Citations1974Kenneth D. McMilin, Mary M. Stahl +1 more
Crosses employing either bio1 or bio69-substituted phage strains indicate that the bio-associated hot spot activity occurs in the presence of DNA synthesis, but is dependent on a functional host recB gene.
NatureThe transforming gene of Moloney murine sarcoma virus
68 Citations1979Eli Canaani, Keith C. Robbins +1 more
The transforming gene of this mammalian sarcoma virus originates from within the mouse cell genome, and it is demonstrated that the transforming region of the viral genome begins very near or within the cell-derived insertion sequences.
CellCell-free synthesis of a precursor polyprotein containing both gag and pol gene products by Rauscher murine leukemia virus 35S RNA
63 Citations1978Edwin C. Murphy, John J. Kopchick +2 more
35S viral genomic RNA is an mRNA for both gag and pol gene products and it is proposed that the Pr200 gag-pol results from an occasional read-through of a single termination codon at the end of the gag gene.
Annual Review of MicrobiologyThe Gene Order of Avian RNA Tumor Viruses Derived from Biochemical Analyses of Deletion Mutants and Viral Recombinants
62 Citations1978Ling Wang
Is There a Leukemia Gene in Avian RNA Tumor Viruses?
CellStructure of the genome of moloney murine leukemia virus: a terminally redundant sequence
61 Citations1978John M. Coffin, Thomas C. Hageman +2 more
The genome structure suggested by these results was confirmed by analyzing oligonucleotides in Mo-Mulv RNA complementary to strong stop DNA, which is shown to be a copy of the 5' terminal 134 nucleotides of the MoMuLV genome.
Journal of VirologyRNA-directed DNA synthesis in Moloney murine leukemia virus: interaction between the primer tRNA and the genome RNA
60 Citations1979Godefridus J. Peters, J E Dahlberg
In most respects, the interaction between primer and template in Moloney murine leukemia virus parallels the situation in the avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesMolecular cloning of Moloney murine sarcoma virus: arrangement of virus-related sequences within the normal mouse genome.
56 Citations1979Steven R. Tronick, Keith C. Robbins +4 more
Analysis of EcoRI digests of normal mouse cellular DNA revealed the presence of a single 14-kilobase-pair fragment containing the sarcoma virus-specific sequences of MSV, represented within the normal mouse genome in a manner analogous to that of a cellular gene.
Journal of Virology5′-Terminus of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus 35 <i>S</i> RNA Is m <sup>7</sup> G <sup>5′</sup> ppp <sup>5′</sup> GmpCp
39 Citations1976John K. Rose, William A. Haseltine +1 more
The 5'-terminal sequence m(7)G( 5') ppp(5') GmpCp was isolated from Moloney murine leukemia virus 35S RNA after digestion of (32)P-labeled RNA with RNases T1, T2, and A followed by pH 3.5 ionophoresis on DEAE paper.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesBiosynthesis of reverse transcriptase from Rauscher murine leukemia virus by synthesis and cleavage of a <i>gag-pol</i> read-through viral precursor polyprotein
31 Citations1978John J. Kopchick, G A Jamjoom +2 more
Purification of active RT enzyme from virions labeled with [(3)H]methionine showed that p80(pol) was the major component, based on analysis by gel electrophoresis and tryptic peptide mapping experiments.
CellAn MSV-specific subgenomic mRNA in MSV-transformed G8-124 cells
27 Citations1979Daniel J. Donoghue, Phillip A. Sharp +1 more
An intracellular subgenomic RNA species from MSV-transformed G8-124 cells was characterized by electron microscopy of RNA:cDNA heteroduplexes using long cDNAs both MSV and MuLV, suggesting a possible role in the expression of 3'-encoded MSV information, possibly including transformation-specific sequences.
Journal of VirologyTranslational Products of Moloney Murine Sarcoma Virus RNA: Identification of Proteins Encoded by the Murine Sarcoma Virus <i>src</i> Gene
22 Citations1981Kenneth J. Cremer, E. Premkumar Reddy +1 more
Findings provide direct biochemical evidence that the 43K, 40K, 31K, and 24K proteins are related in their carboxy-terminal regions, as well as information concerning the MSV src gene coding sequences from which each protein originates.