A Developmental Theory of Environmental Enrichment
SciencePublished 12 August 1977Open access
Robert A. Cummins, P. J. Livesey, J. G. M. Evans, R. Walsh
Citations62
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TL;DR
The differential brain development induced by sensory enrichment or deprivation is most apparent in rats with low brain weights, and these differences are hypothesized to represent the retarded development of environment-dependent neurons in the isolated animals.
Abstract
The differential brain development induced by sensory enrichment or deprivation is most apparent in rats with low brain weights. These differences are hypothesized to represent the retarded development of environment-dependent neurons in the isolated animals.
Keywords
Medicine
ScienceRearing Complexity Affects Branching of Dendrites in the Visual Cortex of the Rat
516 Citations1972Fred R. Volkmar, William T. Greenough
Higher-order dendritic branching is considerably greater in Golgistained neurons from the occipital cortex of rats reared in groups in a complex environment than in similar neurons of littermates reared individually in laboratory cages.
The Journal of Comparative NeurologyExtensive cortical depth measurements and neuron size increases in the cortex of environmentally enriched rats
261 Citations1967Marian C. Diamond, Bernice Lindner +1 more
This study is another in a series of investigations attempting to define the changes in the brain as a consequence of environmental manipulation.
Journal of NeurobiologyEffects of environmental enrichment and impoverishment on rat cerebral cortex
213 Citations1972Marian C. Diamond, Mark R. Rosenzweig +3 more
The results indicate that both larger and more extensive cortical depth effects are found in rats exposed for 30 days rather than 80 days to their respective environments.
NatureEnvironmentally-induced Changes in the Brains of Elderly Rats
149 Citations1973Robert A. Cummins, R. Walsh +3 more
It is suggested that, in rats differentially reared from weaning, the induced differences in brain weight reach a maximum during the first 30 d of separation, after which they decrease, but the evidence for this biphasic response has been based on relatively short periods of differential rearing.
Mechanisms Mediating the Production of Environmentally Induced Brain Changes
90 Citations1981Roger Walsh
Physiology & BehaviorEffects of successive environments on brain measures☆
74 Citations1974Erin R. Bennett, Mark R. Rosenzweig +3 more
The cerebral differences induced by differential experience began to dissipate when the animals were placed in a common environment, but statistically significant differences still persisted weeks after the end of the inducing conditions.
