Metaphor and the Cognitive Representation of Computing Systems
IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and CyberneticsPublished 1 January 1982
John M. Carroll, John Thomas
Citations296
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
In learning, people develop new cognitive structures by metaphorically extending old ones and the metaphors spontaneously generated by new users will predict the ease with which they can master a computer system.
Abstract
In learning, people develop new cognitive structures by metaphorically extending old ones. The metaphors spontaneously generated by new users will predict the ease with which they can master a computer system. Systems which through their interface suggest inefficacious metaphors will accordingly be more difficult to learn and to that extent unacceptable.
Keywords
Computer Science
Elsevier eBooksA FRAMEWORK FOR REPRESENTING KNOWLEDGE
4,545 Citations1988Marvin Minsky
The enormous problem of the volume of background common sense knowledge required to understand even very simple natural language texts is discussed and it is suggested that networks of frames are a reasonable approach to represent such knowledge.
ScienceExpert and Novice Performance in Solving Physics Problems
2,121 Citations1980Jill Larkin, John McDermott +2 more
Although a sizable body of knowledge is prerequisite to expert skill, that knowledge must be indexed by large numbers of patterns that, on recognition, guide the expert in a fraction of a second to relevant parts of the knowledge store.
IBM Systems JournalQuery-by-Example: A data base language
874 Citations1977Moshé M. Zloof
Discussed is a high-level data base management language that provides the user with a convenient and unified interface to query, update, define, and control a data base.
International Journal of Parallel ProgrammingSyntactic/semantic interactions in programmer behavior: A model and experimental results
384 Citations1979Ben Shneiderman, Richard E. Mayer
A cognitive framework for describing behaviors involved in program composition, comprehension, debugging, modification, and the acquisition of new programming concepts, skills, and knowledge is presented.
Cognitive PsychologyComputer text-editing: An information-processing analysis of a routine cognitive skill
301 Citations1980Stuart K. Card, Thomas P. Moran +1 more
An information-processing model is presented that describes how a person uses an interactive computer text-editing system to make modifications to a manuscript and it is demonstrated that the behavior of an expert user can be modeled by giving his goals, operators, methods, and selection rules for choosing among method alternatives.
Query-by-example
238 Citations1975Moshé M. Zloof
It is shown how one can make preliminary interrogations to retrieve a subset of the data base needed for the formulation of a specific query, which becomes very useful in cases where the data-base is very large and the user's initial task of scanning the tables for the ones relevant to his specific query becomes by itself horrendous.
Cognitive PsychologyMetaphoric comprehension: Studies in reminding and resembling
192 Citations1977Robert R. Verbrugge, Nancy S. McCarrell
A psychological study of query by example
155 Citations1975John Thomas, John D. Gould
Zloof's Query By Example language is best described by this third approach, and it is demonstrated experimentally the ease and accuracy with which nonprogrammers learned and used this powerful query language.
British Journal of PsychologyPresentation and representation in design problem‐solving
154 Citations1980John M. Carroll, John Thomas +1 more
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal BehaviorAn information-processing theory of some effects of similarity, familiarization, and meaningfulness in verbal learning
138 Citations1964Herbert A. Simon, Edward A. Feigenbaum
International Journal of Human-Computer StudiesPsychological Evaluation of Two Conditional Constructions Used in Computer Languages
114 Citations1999M. E. Sime, T.R.G. Green +1 more
It is more effective to compare specific features common to many languages than to compare complete languages, by devising micro-languages stressing the feature of interest, together with a suitable subject matter for the programs.
International Journal of Man-Machine StudiesPsychological evaluation of two conditional constructions used in computer languages
111 Citations1973M. E. Sime, T.R.G. Green +1 more
Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich)The Structure of Analogical Models in Science.
97 Citations1980Dedre Gentner
A structural characterization of good science analogy is proposed using a theoretical approach in which complex metaphors and analogies are treated as structure-mappings between domains, to delineate good from poor science analogy.
Cognitive ScienceThe Progressive Construction of Mind
85 Citations1981Robert W. Lawler
A vision of the structure of disparate cognitii structures and the way in which a broadly applicabb skill emerges from the interaction and integration of knowledge on specific, particular experiences is presented.
Multiple Conceptual Models of a Complex System
70 Citations2021Albert L. Stevens, Allan Collins
Some of the strategies and knowledge tutors use in teaching about the causes of rainfall are described, which allow students to understand a system from different points of view and to derive the consequences of changing different critical variables in the model.
IBM Systems JournalHuman factors in communication
54 Citations1981John Thomas, John M. Carroll
The design framework is then applied to examinations of how people name and refer to entities, how people understand and express relations (quantifiers and other predicates) between entities,How more complex communications are created, and how preprinted forms reflect previous knowledge.
IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and CyberneticsUser Assistance in Bibliographic Retrieval Networks through a Computer Intermediary
27 Citations1982Richard S. Marcus
Results indicate that the proposed techniques have a high potential for improving retrieval system utility, especially for inexperienced users, and suggests that the appropriateness of different assistance techniques is dependent on context, type of application and user.
Very Large Data BasesUsing new clues to find data
18 Citations1977Craig Fields, Nicholas Negroponte
A new data base management system has the significant advantage of allowing the location of information when it cannot be precisely specified e.g., getting near information and browsing through information.