Crystallization of Membrane Proteins
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Abstract
Abstract Crytallization of integral membrane proteins is one of the most recent developments in protein crystal growth: in 1980, for the first time, two membrane proteins were successfully crystallized, bacteriorhodopsin (1) and porin (2). Since then, a number of membrane proteins (about 20) yielded three-dimensional crystals. In a few cases, the quality of the crystals was sufficient for X-ray diffraction studies. The first atomic structure of a membrane protein, a photosynthetic bacterial reaction centre, was described in 1985 (3), followed by closely-related structures of reaction centres from other bacterial pecies (4-6). The structure of porin was recently determined (7). Crystallization of membrane proteins is now a very actively growing field, and has been discussed in several reviews (8, 9).