The prefrontal cortex and the integration of sensory, limbic and autonomic information

An overview of the afferent and efferent connections of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in primates and rats is discussed, and in the light of this circuitry, the presumptive functional role of the PFC in integrating sensory, motor, cognitive, emotional and autonomic functions is discussed.

Abstract

This chapter discusses an overview of the afferent and efferent connections of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in primates and rats, and discusses in the light of this circuitry, the presumptive functional role of the PFC in integrating sensory, motor, cognitive, emotional and autonomic functions. While studying the connectivity of the PFC in rats and primates, it is found that the PFC directly projects to the cholinergic forebrain system, and the monoaminergic cell groups in the hypothalamus and brainstem. In this way, the PFC is in a unique position to influence the transmitter systems that modulate large parts of the forebrain. Further, the PFC subserves visceral functions by direct reciprocal connections with the hypothalamus and brainstem structures, such as the periaqueductal grey and the nucleus of the solitary tract. The PFC is crucial for its role in complex cognitive and behavioral functions. It is postulated that the interoceptive component of the afferents of the PFC may serve as a form of navigational marker in the organization of complex goal-directed behavior.