Energy conservation in chemotrophic anaerobic bacteria
Bacteriological ReviewsPublished 1 March 1977Open access
Rudolf K. Thauer, Kurt Jungermann, K. Decker
Citations3,615
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Keywords
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyEnvironmental Science
BiochemistryEnergy charge of the adenylate pool as a regulatory parameter. Interaction with feedback modifiers
2,408 Citations1968Daniel Atkinson
An electrostatic spray apparatus and method for spraying electrically conductive coating materials on a continuous basis from an electrically grounded bulk coating supply.
European Journal of BiochemistryEstimation of Membrane Potential and pH Difference across the Cristae Membrane of Rat Liver Mitochondria
598 Citations1969Peter Mitchell, Jennifer Moyle
The effects of changing Δp in mitochondrial suspensions in State 4 with uncoupling agent and with pulses of acid, alkali, calcium salt and ADP have been found to be in accord with the chemiosmotic hypothesis.
Antonie van LeeuwenhoekA theoretical study on the amount of ATP required for synthesis of microbial cell material
572 Citations1973A. H. Stouthamer
In previous studies on the relation between ATP production and formation of cell material these effects have unjustly been neglected, and it is concluded that in the literature evidence is presented that these parameters may vary under different growth conditions.
Bacteriological ReviewsConservation and transformation of energy by bacterial membranes
479 Citations1972Franklin M. Harold
Energy Transductions in Mitochondria and the Role of the Membrane in Motility, Bacteriocins and the Energized State are studied.
Journal of Bacteriology<i>Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicus</i> sp. n., an Anaerobic, Autotrophic, Extreme Thermophile
454 Citations1972J. G. Zeikus, R. S. Wolee
The isolation of a new methanogenic bacterium, Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicus sp.N.
Annual Review of Plant PhysiologyEnergy Conservation in Photosynthetic Electron Transport of Chloroplasts
444 Citations1974Achim Trebst
The aim of this monograph is to provide a Discussion of the Foundations of Electron Dominance and its Applications, as well as some suggestions for further studies, to help clarify the role of electrons in the decision-making process.
Advances in enzymology and related areas of molecular biology/Advances in enzymology and related subjectsMetabolic Generation and Utilization of Phosphate Bond Energy
441 Citations1941Fritz Lipmann
For the undisturbed maintenance of this complicated series of reactions a well-balanced equilibrium is needed between the great number of enzymatic reactions involved.
Journal of Biological ChemistryHydrogenosome, a Cytoplasmic Organelle of the Anaerobic Flagellate Tritrichomonas foetus, and Its Role in Pyruvate Metabolism
417 Citations1973Donald G. Lindmark, Miklós Müller
Homogenates of Tritrichomonas foetus have pyruvate synthase and hydrogenase, but lack pyruVate-formate lyase and formate dehydrogenase, and these activities are in a subcellular particle identified previously as the site of malate and α-glycerophosphate dehydrogensases.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on BioenergeticsUtilization of energy for growth and maintenance in continuous and batch cultures of microorganisms
399 Citations1973A. H. Stouthamer, Corry W. Bettenhaussen
PubMedNa+ -dependent transport in the intestine and other animal tissues.
364 Citations1966Crane Rk
The concept of the brush border membrane of the epithelial cell as a digestive-absorptive surface in which the elements responsible for digestion and absorption are arranged in ordered proximity to one another as in a mosaic is supported by evidence and experiments from the literature.
Journal of Biological ChemistryStandard Gibbs Free Energy, Enthalpy, and Entropy Changes as a Function of pH and pMg for Several Reactions Involving Adenosine Phosphates
279 Citations1969R.A. Alberty
Equations are derived which make it possible to calculate the standard entropy of reaction ΔS0obs from the entropy change of the reaction written in terms of particular ionic species.
Journal of Biological ChemistryStructure and Methylation of Coenzyme M (HSCH2CH2SO3)
256 Citations1974Craig D. Taylor, R. S. Wolfe
Coenzyme M is a recently discovered cofactor which is involved in methyl transfer reactions in Methanobacterium and evidence indicates that an active form of this cofactor is 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid which is methylated producing 2-(methylthio) ethanesulfonics acid.
Journal of Biological ChemistryPurification and Characterization of Flavodoxin from Peptostreptococcus elsdenii
245 Citations1969Stephen G. Mayhew, Vincent Massey
Flavodoxin has been crystallized from Peptostreptococcus elsdenii grown at low iron concentrations and it has a molecular weight of about 15,000 and contains 1 molecule of flavin mononucleotide per molecule of protein.
Journal of General MicrobiologyCytochrome c3 and Desulphoviridin; Pigments of the Anaerobe Desulphovibrio desulphuricans
234 Citations1956J. R. Postgate
Suspensions of various mesophilic strains of Desulphovibrio desulphuricans show absorption bands attributable to a cytochrome and a green protein; there are small differences in the position of absorption maxima depending on the strain and culture medium.
Journal of General MicrobiologyMolar Growth Yields and Fermentation Balances of Lactobacillus casei L3 in Batch Cultures and in Continuous Cultures
232 Citations1970W. de Vries, W. M. C. Kapteijn +2 more
Fermentation balances determined for different substrates in batch and continuous cultures of Lactobacillus casei revealed two pathways of pyruvate conversion by this organism, a reduction to lactate and the phosphoroclastic cleavage, and it was concluded that the intracellular level of fructose-1,6-diphosphate controlled the pathway of PyruVate conversion.
Biochemical JournalEquilibrium relations between the cytoplasmic adenine nucleotide system and nicotinamide–adenine nucleotide system in rat liver
230 Citations1970Richard L. Veech, Luisa Raijman +1 more
The ratio [ATP]/[ADP][P(i)], as measured by direct determination of the three components in rat liver, was found in various nutritional states to have approximately the same value as the ratio [ADP/[ATP]-(i), which implies that the redox state of the NAD couple in the cytoplasm is linked to, and partially controlled by, the phosphorylationState of the adenine nucleotides.
European Journal of Biochemistry3‐Phosphoglycerate Kinase from Rabbit Sceletal Muscle and Yeast
229 Citations1970Wolfgang K.G. Krietsch, Theodor Bücher
The Journal of General PhysiologySodium and Sugar Fluxes across the Mucosal Border of Rabbit Ileum
225 Citations1969Andrew M. Goldner, Stanley G. Schultz +1 more
A model has been developed for the sugar transport system involving a transport site that combines with both sugar and Na and there appeared to be little mediated entry of 3 MG into the cells from Na-free solution.
The Journal of Membrane BiologyCation transport and electrogenesis byStreptococcus faecalis
224 Citations1972Franklin M. Harold, Dominic Papineau
Archives of MicrobiologyHydrogen as an intermediate in the rumen fermentation
223 Citations1967R. E. Hungate
It is concluded that hydrogen is a very important intermediate in the rumen production of methane because it correlated more closely with concentration of dissolved hydrogen than with formate.
Journal of BacteriologyIsolation and Properties of a Fluorescent Compound, Factor <sub>420</sub> , from <i>Methanobacterium</i> Strain M.o.H
221 Citations1972P. Cheeseman, A. Toms-Wood +1 more
A new fluorescent compound, factor(420) (F(420)), which is involved in the hydrogen metabolism of hydrogen-grown Methanobacterium strain M.o.H. has been isolated and purified and is proposed as a trivial name for the unknown fluorescent compound because of its strong absorption maximum of 420 nm at pH 7.3.
Journal of BacteriologyFormate Dehydrogenase of <i>Clostridium thermoaceticum</i> : Incorporation of Selenium-75, and the Effects of Selenite, Molybdate, and Tungstate on the Enzyme
221 Citations1973Jan R. Andreesen, Lars G. Ljungdahl
Tungstate and in combination with molybdate the stimulation of formation of formate dehydrogenase was additive and a correlation was observed between bound (75)Se and enzyme activity.
BiochemistryReaction of multihalogenated hydrocarbons with free and bound reduced vitamin B12
218 Citations1968John Wood, F. Scott Kennedy +1 more
Advances in microbial physiology/Advances in Microbial PhysiologyThe Metabolism of One-Carbon Compounds by Micro-Organisms
214 Citations1972J. R. Quayle
This chapter explains the description and physiology of one-carbon-utilizing micro-organisms along with their energy metabolism and carbon assimilation, and considers mechanisms that offer a solution to the problem of net biosynthesis from one- carbon units at reduction levels ranging from carbon dioxide to methane.
Journal of BacteriologyLocalization and Regulation of Synthesis of Nitrate Reductase in <i>Escherichia coli</i>
213 Citations1968Michael K. Showe, J A DeMoss
The nitrate reductase of Escherichia coli K-12 was localized in a particulate fraction of the cell and it sedimented as if it were bound to a large substructure that is subject to fragmentation during cell disruption procedures, interpreted as evidence for the existence of a redox-sensitive repressor which mediates nitrate reduction regulation.
Biochemical JournalThe free-energy changes associated with the individual steps of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis and alcoholic fermentation and with the hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate groups of adenosinetriphosphate
213 Citations1953K. Burton, H. A. Krebs
Activity data are not available for the other reactions of Table 6 but, with the possible ex- ception of the pyruvate phosphokinase reaction, it is probable that the activity coefficients of substances on opposite sides of each reaction will largely cancel each other.
Biochemical JournalInhibition of cytochrome systems of heart muscle and certain bacteria by the antagonists of dihydrostreptomycin: 2-alkyl-4-hydroxyquinoline <i>N</i>-oxides
209 Citations1956J. W. Lightbown, F. L. Jackson
Hays, E. E., Wells, I. C., Elliott, W. H., Thayer, S. A., Doisy, D., Carroll, C. J., Jones, L. R. & Wade, N. L. (1950).
Annual Review of BiochemistryThe Energetics of Bacterial Active Transport
207 Citations1975R D Simoni, P.W. Postma
Energy-dependent quenchin 9 of ACMA fluorescence and the role of the ATPase Complex in Active Transport .
Angewandte Chemie International Edition in EnglishEnergy Production in Anaerobic Organisms
204 Citations1970K. Decker, Kurt Jungermann +1 more
The existing knowledge of oxygen dependent enzyme reactions and their molecular evolution provides the basis for a biochemical definition of aerobic and anaerobic organisms.
Journal of BacteriologyPURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF ENZYMES INVOLVED IN THE PROPIONIC ACID FERMENTATION
201 Citations1964S.H.G. Allen, Robert W. Kellermeyer +2 more
Methods for the separation and purification of phosphotransacetylase, acetyl kinase, malic dehydrogenase and coenzyme A (CoA) transferase, and the role of these enzymes in the propionic acid fermentation as well as the possible mechanism responsible for the high yields of adenosine triphosphate from glucose are considered.
Journal of BacteriologyFermentation of Glucose, Fructose, and Xylose by <i>Clostridium thermoaceticum</i> : Effect of Metals on Growth Yield, Enzymes, and the Synthesis of Acetate from CO <sub>2</sub>
199 Citations1973Jan R. Andreesen, Annabella Schaupp +3 more
Clostridium thermoaceticum ferments xylose, fructose, and glucose with acetate as the only product, and the following enzymes involved in the synthesis of acetate from CO(2) and in the metabolism of pyruvate are present in extracts.
Bacteriological ReviewsClassification of the spore-forming sulfate-reducing bacteria
195 Citations1965L L Campbell, J. R. Postgate
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - BioenergeticsAsymmetry of an energy transducing membrane. The location of cytochrome c2 in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides and Rhodopseudomonas capsulata
189 Citations1975Roger C. Prince, A. Baccarini-Melandri +3 more
The cytochromes produced during aerobic growth were immunologically indistinguishable from those produced during photosynthesis, and the implications of these results to energy coupling in the photosynthetic bacteria are discussed.
Journal of Biological ChemistryLysine 2,3-Aminomutase
188 Citations1970Thomas P. Chirpich, Vincenzo Zappia +2 more
Although the enzyme lysine 2,3-aminomutase from Clostridium SB4 is inactivated rapidly by exposure to oxygen, it can be fully activated by anaerobic incubation with a sulfhydryl compound for 1 hour at 37°.
Journal of BacteriologyCYTOCHROME-PRODUCING ANAEROBIC VIBRIO, <i>VIBRIO SUCCINOGENES</i> , SP. N
187 Citations1961M. J. Wolin, E. A. Wolin +1 more
The isolation and study of pure cultures of the vibrio substantiated this hypothesis and demonstrated that this obligate anaerobe could only grow in the presence of a limited number of electron donors (H2, HCOOH) and electron acceptors (fumarate, malate, and nitrate).
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesTHE ATP-DEPENDENT REDUCTION OF SULFATE WITH HYDROGEN IN EXTRACTS OF DESULFOVIBRIO DESULFURICANS
183 Citations1959Harry D. Peck
A chronology of key events: Sanadi, D. R., and M. Langley, and R. L. Littlefield, J. Biol.
The Journal of Membrane BiologyCation transport and electrogenesis byStreptococcus faecalis
174 Citations1972Franklin M. Harold, Dominic Papineau
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesRole of an Electrical Potential in the Coupling of Metabolic Energy to Active Transport by Membrane Vesicles of <i>Escherichia coli</i>
169 Citations1973Hajime Hirata, Karlheinz Altendorf +1 more
The results verify two predictions derived from Mitchell's chemiosmotic hypothesis: respiring vesicles generate an electrical potential of the proper polarity and magnitude; and a membrane potential is in itself sufficient to drive the active transport of amino acids and other metabolites.
Advances in Enzyme RegulationEquilibrium relations between pyridine nucleotides and adenine nucleotides and their roles in the regulation of metabolic processes
169 Citations1969H. A. Krebs, Richard L. Veech
The network of near-equilibria in which the pyridine and adenine nucleotides participate is likely to be a fundamental component of the energy-transforming mechanisms in the liver cell and sets the cytoplasmic level of the NAD-couple to be suitable for both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
European Journal of BiochemistryThe Necessity of an Electric Potential Difference and its Use for Photophosphorylation in Short Flash Groups
166 Citations1970Wolfgang Junge, B. Rumberg +1 more
European Journal of BiochemistryProton Translocation Coupled to ATP Hydrolysis in Rat Liver Mitochondria
165 Citations1968Peter Mitchell, Jennifer Moyle
It is concluded that the ATPase system responsible for or coupled to proton translocation has a proton translator quotient (H+/P) of 2, corresponding to that of the type II ATPase of the chemiosmotic hypothesis.
Journal of BacteriologyPROPERTIES OF A FATTY ACID FORMING ORGANISM ISOLATED FROM THE RUMEN OF SHEEP
162 Citations1956S. R. Elsden, B. E. Volcani +2 more
An account of the isolation and properties of an anaerobic, gram negative organism which ferments certain carbohydrates and DL-lactic acid with the formation of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, acetate, propionate, n-butyrate,n-valerate, and n-hexanoate is given.
Advances in microbial physiology/Advances in Microbial PhysiologyAntimicrobial Agents and Membrane Function
160 Citations1969Franklin M. Harold
This chapter explains the interactions of antibiotics (and antimicrobial agents generally) with cellular membranes, and the application of these reagents to the study of membrane physiology in micro-organisms.
Journal of Biological ChemistryThe Equilibrium Constants of the Adenosine Triphosphate Hydrolysis and the Adenosine Triphosphate-Citrate Lyase Reactions
154 Citations1973Robert W. Guynn, Richard L. Veech
The observed standard free energy change (ΔG0obs) for the hydrolysis of the terminal pyrophosphate bond of ATP has been experimentally determined under physiological conditions using an entirely new set of reactions.
Journal of BacteriologyRegulation of Nitrate Assimilation and Nitrate Respiration in <i>Aerobacter aerogenes</i>
153 Citations1968J. van 't Riet, A. H. Stouthamer +1 more
Results indicate that the formation of the assimilatory enzyme complex and that of the respiratory enzyme complex are regulated differently, and suggest that both complexes have a different composition, but that the nitrate reductase in both cases is the same protein.
Journal of BacteriologyIsolation and Properties of Fumarate Reductase Mutants of <i>Escherichia coli</i>
153 Citations1973Margaret Spencer, J. R. Guest
Measurements of the fumarate reduction and succinate oxidation activities of parental strains and frd mutants after aerobic and anaerobic growth indicated that succinate dehydrogenase was completely repressed under anaerilic conditions, the assayable succinate oxide activity being due to fumarry reductase acting reversibly.
Journal of Biological ChemistryPurification and Properties of Nitrate Reductase from Escherichia coli K12
151 Citations1974C H MacGregor, Carl A. Schnaitman +2 more
Journal of General MicrobiologyEnergy Yield of Denitrification: An Estimate from Growth Yield in Continuous Cultures of Pseudomonas denitrificans under Nitrate-, Nitrite- and Nitrous Oxide-limited Conditions
149 Citations1975Isao Koike, Akinori Hattori
The molar growth yields of Pseudomonas denitrificans, for nitrate, nitrite and nitrous oxide, were determined in chemostat culture under electron acceptor-limited conditions and oxidative phosphorylation occurs to a similar extent in each of the electron transport chains associated with the reduction.
Journal of BacteriologyNitrate Reductase Complex of <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12: Participation of Specific Formate Dehydrogenase and Cytochrome <i>b</i> <sub>1</sub> Components in Nitrate Reduction
148 Citations1969José Ruíz-Herrera, J A DeMoss
It is concluded that nitrate reduction in E. coli is mediated by the sequential operation of a specific formate dehydrogenase, two specific cytochrome b(1) components, and nitrate reductase.
Advances in enzymology and related areas of molecular biology/Advances in enzymology and related subjectsTranslocations Through Natural Membranes
143 Citations1967Peter Mitchell
Archives of MicrobiologyGrowth of sulfate-reducing bacteria with sulfur as electron acceptor
142 Citations1977Hanno Biebl, Norbert Pfennig
Six strains of representative species of sulfate-reducing bacteria were tested for their capacity to use elemental sulfur as an electron acceptor for growth and there was good growth and sulfide production by strain Norway 4 and the three isolates.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - BioenergeticsComposition and properties of the membrane-bound respiratory chain system of Micrococcus denitrificans
140 Citations1968Peter Scholes, Lucile Smith
Evidence is given of the nature of orientation of the respiratory chain pigments on the membrane of Micrococcus denitrificans and the rates of electron transfer are high in cells grown under all conditions tested, and there is no evidence that the respiratory system is composed of fixed units with precise stoichiometry.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Enzymology and Biological OxidationRegulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in Escherichia coli K12
140 Citations1966R.G. Hansen, U. Henning
European Journal of BiochemistryThe Internal‐Alkaline pH Gradient, Sensitive to Uncoupler and ATPase Inhibitor, in Growing <i>Clostridium pasteurianum</i>
133 Citations1975Volker Riebeling, Kurt Jungermann +1 more
The results suggest that the pH gradient is formed by an ATPase-driven extrusion of protons from the cells rather than by a Donnan potential.
Journal of BacteriologyAdenosine Triphosphate Pools in <i>Methanobacterium</i>
132 Citations1970Anthony M. Roberton, R. S. Wolfe
Certain aspects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism in the strict anaerobe Methanobacterium strain M.o.H. have been investigated and results suggest that the latter compounds act either as inhibitors of electron transport or as uncouplers of an energy-linked process.
Journal of Biological ChemistryEnergy Coupling in Membrane Vesicles of Escherichia coli
130 Citations1974Hajime Hirata, Karlheinz Altendorf +1 more
These experiments strongly suggest that the accumulation driven by an artificial membrane potential is mediated by the physiological transport systems, and are consistent with the chemiosmotic interpretation of metabolite transport by membrane vesicles.
European Journal of BiochemistryProperties and Function of the Pyruvate-Formate-Lyase Reaction in Clostridiae
120 Citations1972Rudolf K. Thauer, F. Hans Kirchniawy +1 more
The pattern of enzymes related to the synthesis of C1 units by several clostridia demonstrates that either a pyruvate-formate-lyase or a CO2-reductase reaction leads to the formation of formate, which is required for the synthesis in these bacteria.
Journal of Biological ChemistryThermodynamic Parameters for the Hydrolysis of Inorganic Pyrophosphate at pH 7.4 as a Function of [Mg2+], [K+], and Ionic Strength Determined from Equilibrium Studies of the Reaction
120 Citations1974Hans Flodgaard, Peter Fleron
The observed enthalpy and entropy terms to the variation in ΔG0'obs is discussed in relation to the changes in production or consumption of H+ and metal ions and the reaction was found to consume acid.
Antonie van LeeuwenhoekMethanobacterium arbophilicum sp. nov. An obligate anaerobe isolated from wetwood of living trees
119 Citations1975J. G. Zeikus, Diane L. Henning
The isolation and characterization of a new methanogenic bacterium,Methanobacterium arbophilicum, is described, which was found to be an autotroph and a strict anaerobe and to have a pH optimum of 7.5–8.0.
Journal of BacteriologyPresence of Cytochrome and Menaquinone in <i>Clostridium formicoaceticum</i> and <i>Clostridium thermoaceticum</i>
117 Citations1975Mechthild Gottwald, Jan R. Andreesen +2 more
Cytochrome b and menaquinone have been demonstrated in the homoacetate-fermenting Clostridium formicoaceticum and Clostidium thermoaceticsum.
Biochemical JournalProton translocation and the respiratory nitrate reductase of <i>Escherichia coli</i>
116 Citations1975P. B. Garland, J. Allan Downie +1 more
Advances in microbial physiology/Advances in Microbial PhysiologyBiochemistry and Genetics of Nitrate Reductase in Bacteria
112 Citations1976A. H. Stouthamer
Journal of General MicrobiologyThe Mechanism of Propionic Acid Formation by Veillonella gazogenes
110 Citations1951A. T. Johns
The mechanism of propionic acid formation from lactate by Veillonella gazogenes is according to the scheme: CO2 lactate → pyruvate → cxaloacetate → malate → fimarate → succinate → propionate + CO2.
Journal of BacteriologyFactor 420-dependent tyridine nucleotide-linked hydrogenase system of Methanobacterium ruminantium
109 Citations1975Sinfu Tzeng, R. S. Wolfe +1 more
Methanobacterium ruminantium was shown to possess a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)-linked factor 420 (F420)-dependent hydrogenase system, and no NADPH:NAD or FADH2(FMNH2):NAD transhydrogenase system was detected.
Antonie van LeeuwenhoekPure culture studies of inhibitors for methanogenic bacteria
106 Citations1972R. A. Prins, C. J. Van Nevel +1 more
The direct toxic effect of these compounds on methane bacteria in pure cultures is in accord with earlier observations regarding their effect on the mixed rumen microbes.
BiochemistryThermodynamic relations between the mitochondrial oxidation-reduction reactions and cellular ATP levels in ascites tumor cells and perfused rat liver
106 Citations1974David F. Wilson, Marion Stubbs +2 more
Journal of BacteriologyIsolation of a New Pigment, Desulforubidin, from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (Norway Strain) and Its Role in Sulfite Reduction
103 Citations1973Jin-Po Lee, Ching-Sui Yi +2 more
A new pigment, desulforubidin, that has sulfite reducing activity, has been purified from extracts of the Norway strain of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, which lacks desulfoviridin.
Journal of BacteriologyEvidence for cytochrome involvement in fumarate reduction and adenosine 5'-triphosphate synthesis by Bacteroides fragilis grown in the presence of hemin
103 Citations1975Joan M. Macy, Irmelin Probst +1 more
It is concluded that hemin is required by B. fragilis to synthesize a functional fumarate reductase and that the hemin-dependent, enormous increase of the growth yield may be due to adenosine 5'-triphosphate production during reduction of fumidate to succinate.
Advances in microbial physiology/Advances in Microbial PhysiologyEnergy Coupling in Microbial Transport
103 Citations1975W. Allan Hamilton
The chapter discusses the energy coupling in microbial transport data and discusses pattern forming out of the interactions between the various transport systems, and their function and regulation.
Journal of BacteriologyDenitrification with Methanol: a Selective Enrichment for <i>Hyphomicrobium</i> Species
102 Citations1971G.T. Sperl, Derek S. Hoare
Pure cultures of Hyphomicrobium species were isolated which denitrified vigorously with methanol and a new isolate, isolated by aerobic enrichment, was adapted to anaerobic growth and denitrification.
Journal of Biological ChemistryMembrane Adenosine Triphosphatase from Streptococcus faecalis
101 Citations1970Hans Peter Schnebli, A. E. Vatter +1 more
The purification to homogeneity of the membrane adenosine triphosphatase from Streptococcus faecalis is described and a model of the enzyme with a formula α6β6 is proposed, consisting of a hexagonal arrangement of 6 globules, each of which is made up of an α and a β subunit.
Archives of Biochemistry and BiophysicsControl of respiration by the mitochondrial phosphorylation state
101 Citations1974Charles S. Owen, David F. Wilson
The results are consistent with a model having the electron transport and phosphorylation processes in chemical equilibrium with the extramitochondrialosphorylation state, [ATP][ADP] [Pi], and the respiration rate proportional to the concentration of reduced cytochrome a3.
Journal of BacteriologyHydrogen-oxidizing Methane Bacteria I. Cultivation and Methanogenesis
99 Citations1968M. P. Bryant, B C McBride +1 more
A method for the mass culture of hydrogen-oxidizing methane bacteria has been developed and extracts formed methane from methyl cobalamin, 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate, serine, pyruvate, and carbon dioxide, shown to be precursors of methane in extracts of the ethyl alcohol-grown culture of M. omelianskii.
Journal of BacteriologyAccumulation of arsenate, phosphate, and aspartate by Sreptococcus faecalis
96 Citations1975Franklin M. Harold, E Spitz
It is proposed that phosphate accumulation is an electroneneutral exchange for OH driven by adenosine 5'-triphosphate or by a metabolite thereof, and that electroneutrality is preserved by compensatory movement of either H+ or OH minus.
Journal of BacteriologySeparate Nitrite, Nitric Oxide, and Nitrous Oxide Reducing Fractions from <i>Pseudomonas perfectomarinus</i>
95 Citations1971W. J. Payne, P. S. Riley +1 more
Pseudomonas perfectomarinus was found to grow anaerobically at the expense of nitrate, nitrite, or nitrous oxide but not chlorate or nitric oxide, and synthesized the denitrifying enzymes within 3 hr in the absence of oxygen or another acceptable inorganic oxidant.
Journal of Biological ChemistryAccumulation of Neutral Amino Acids by Streptococcus faecalis
94 Citations1973Sana Asghar, E.J. Levin +1 more
Inhibition of accumulation by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide further implicates the membrane-bound ATPase in coupling glycolysis to the transport system, and suggests that protons play a key role in energy coupling of amino acid transport.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research CommunicationsThe role of a novel cytochrome b-costaining nitrate reductase and quinone in the invitro reconstruction of formate-nitrate reductase activity of E. coli.
93 Citations1974Harry G. Enoch, Robert L. Lester
Two forms of a cytochrome b-containing nitrate reductase, containing 3.2 and 6.7 nmoles heme per mg of protein are purified in an attempt to isolate and study the components of the formate-nitrate reduCTase system of E .
Archives of MicrobiologyBacterial methanogenesis: Acetate as a methane precursor in pure culture
93 Citations1975J. G. Zeikus, Paul J. Weimer +2 more
Methyl labeled acetate was shown to be incorporated into whole cells and converted to 14CO2 and 14CH4 in the presence of H2 and 25 mM CO2/HCO3− and the importance of acetate utilization in microbial methanogenesis was discussed.
Journal of BacteriologySTUDIES ON THERMOPHILIC SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA III
88 Citations1962J. M. Akagi, L. Leon Campbell
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sulfurylase, which catalyzes the formation of adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) from ATP and SO(4) (=), has been purified from crude extracts of Clostridium nigrificans and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans by (NH(4))(2)SO( 4) fractionation and triethylaminoethyl column chromatography.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesThe mechanism of the pyruvate, phosphate dikinase reaction.
88 Citations1968Harold J. Evans, H.G. Wood
Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase has been purified from propionic acid bacteria and evidence is presented to show that the over-all reaction involves the following reactions: Enzyme + ATP ; enzyme-PP + AMP; enzyme-diphosphate compound and AMP.
Journal of BacteriologyCoenzyme M, Essential for Growth of a Rumen Strain of <i>Methanobacterium ruminantium</i>
86 Citations1974Craig D. Taylor, B C McBride +2 more
A growth factor present in rumen fluid and essential for growth of a rumen strain of Methanobacterium ruminantium was shown to be coenzyme M, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid.
Journal of BacteriologySucrose Catabolism in <i>Clostridium pasteurianum</i> and Its Relation to N <sub>2</sub> Fixation
85 Citations1968Geraldine Daesch, Leonard E. Mortenson
Calculations showed that the rate of ATP production was the growth rate-limiting factor in cells grown on N(2), and that the increased sucrose requirement of N (2)-fixing cultures in part reflected the energy demand of N( 2) fixation.
European Journal of BiochemistryThe Function of the <i>b</i> Cytochromes in the Electron Transport from Formate to Fumarate of <i>Vibrio succinogenes</i>
84 Citations1976Achim Kröger, Anna INNERHOFER
The reduction of fumarate by formate of the anaerobic Vibrio succinogenes is catalyzed by an electron transport chain which involves menaquinone and an iron-sulfur protein as redox mediators between the formate dehydrogenase and thefumarate reductase.
Journal of Biological ChemistryPurification and Properties of Electron-transferring Flavoprotein from Peptostreptococcus elsdenii
82 Citations1974Carolyn D. Whitfield, Stephen G. Mayhew
An electron-transferring flavoprotein which couples the oxidation of NADH to the reduction of butyryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase has been purified in large quantities from the anaerobic bacterium Peptostreptococcus elsdenii, indicating that there are no colorless oxidation-reduction active groups present.
Journal of BacteriologyProduction of Nitric Oxide and Nitrous Oxide During Denitrification by <i>Corynebacterium nephridii</i>
82 Citations1970Edward D. Renner, George E. Becker
Resting cells of Corynebacterium nephridii reduce nitrate, nitrite, and nitric oxide to nitrous oxide under anaerobic conditions and hydroxylamine increases gas evolution from nitrite but inhibits the reduction of nitricoxide toNitrous oxide.
Journal of BacteriologyH2-dependent anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli on L-malate: succinate formation
80 Citations1976Joan M. Macy, Hans G. Kulla +1 more
Anaerobically isolated membrane vesicles catalyzed the reduction of fumarate with H2 and contained a b-type cytochrome, which was present in the "periplasmic space" of Escherichia coli.
FEBS LettersCO<sub>2</sub>‐reduction to formate by NADPH. The initial step in the total synthesis of acetate from CO<sub>2</sub> in <i>Clostridium thermoaceticum</i>
79 Citations1972Rudolf K. Thauer
Journal of BacteriologyCharacteristics of S Organism Isolated from <i>Methanobacillus omelianskii</i>
78 Citations1972C. Adinarayana Reddy, M. P. Bryant +1 more
Results suggest that S organism belongs in a new genus, but assignment of a definite taxonomic status should await isolation and characterization of more strains.
Journal of Theoretical BiologyThe evolution of chemiosmotic energy coupling
78 Citations1976John A. Raven, F. A. SMITH
The success of the proton pump based on redox loops of alternating vectorial electron and hydrogen atom carriers is explained in terms of the ease of converting the former type of cyclic photophosphorylation, but not the latter, into a system bringing about net redox reactions.
Journal of Biological ChemistryPurification and Characterization of Thermostable 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase from Clostridium thermoaceticum
78 Citations1973William E. O’Brien, John M. Brewer +1 more
The enzyme appears homogeneous during Sephadex chromatography and ultracentrifugation, but during disc gel electrophoresis at pH 8.9 two bands of equal intensity are seen, indicating an equilibrium between the two forms.
The Journal of BiochemistryA Nitrite Reductase from <italic>Achromobacter cycloclastes</italic>
76 Citations1972Hidekazu Iwasaki, Teruo Matsubara
Journal of BacteriologyMetabolism of Thiosulfate and Tetrathionate by Heterotrophic Bacteria from Soil
73 Citations1967P. A. Trudinger
Two heterotrophic bacteria that oxidized thiosulfate to tetrathionate were isolated from soil and there was no correlation between the formation of the thiosolfate-oxidizing enzyme of A-50 and the incorporation of thios sulfur-sulfur into cell sulfur.
European Journal of BiochemistryHamster Brown‐Adipose‐Tissue Mitochondria
72 Citations1974David G. Nicholls
Archives of MicrobiologyPurification and properties of acetate kinase from Clostridium thermoaceticum
71 Citations1974Annabella Schaupp, Lars G. Ljungdahl
The enzyme had only moderate thermal stability with a temperature optimum of about 60°C and exhibited a broken line in an Arrhenius graph and appeared homogeneous as judged from Sephadex chromatography and sedimentation velocity.
The Journal of BiochemistryCytochrome c-557 (551) and Cytochrome cd of Alcaligenes faecalis
71 Citations1971Hidekazu Iwasaki, Teruo Matsubara
Journal of BacteriologyAdenosine Triphosphate Pool During the Growth Cycle in <i>Streptococcus faecalis</i>
71 Citations1965W. W. Forrest
The adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pool has been studied throughout the growth cycle of Streptococcus faecalis and represents the balance between the demands of the organisms for energy and the supply of energy derived from catabolism of the substrate.
Archives of MicrobiologyThe effect of ferrous ions, tungstate and selenite on the level of formate dehydrogenase inClostridium formicoaceticum and formate synthesis from CO2 during pyruvate fermentation
70 Citations1974Jan R. Andreesen, E. El Ghazzawi +1 more
The formate dehydrogenase catalyzed also the reduction of CO2 to formate and the highest rate of formate synthesis was observed when pyruvate served as the reductant.
Journal of Biological ChemistryThe Pyruvate-Phosphate Dikinase Reaction
70 Citations1968Richard E. Reeves, Robert A. Menzies +1 more
Archives of Biochemistry and BiophysicsMethane biosynthesis by Methanosarcina barkeri
69 Citations1966Barbara A. Blaylock, Thressa C. Stadtman
…