Tourism and development in communist and post-communist societies.
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Abstract
The nature and role of tourism in the development processes of communist and post-communist societies is explored. The societies considered in this chapter make up the former Soviet bloc countries of central and eastern Europe (CEE: central Europe, south-eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union) and Mongolia, together with Cuba, Vietnam, North Korea and China. An evolutionary framework is employed to discern the dynamic structural relationships within a slowly unravelling ideological environment. A summary discussion of contemporary state socialist tourism and development processes raises questions relating to both the paradox of international tourism development within command economies, and the possibility of discerning a third way in the political economy of tourism development.