Neurobiological basis of psychopathy
The British Journal of PsychiatryPublished 2 January 2003Open access
James Blair
Citations492
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.47
SNIP2.17
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
To understand a psychiatric disorder, there are clear indications regarding why the pathology causes the behavioural disturbance, the neural structures implicated in the pathology and the cause of the dysfunction in the Neural structures.
Abstract
An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the 'Save PDF' action button.
Keywords
PsychologyArts and Humanities
Encyclopedia of Social WorkDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
109,983 Citations2013Janet B. W. Williams, Michael B. First
The Emotional Brain
3,473 Citations1996Joseph E. LeDoux
Nature NeuroscienceImpairment of social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex
1,548 Citations1999Steven W. Anderson, Antoine Bechara +3 more
Early-onset prefrontal damage resulted in a syndrome resembling psychopathy, suggesting that the acquisition of complex social conventions and moral rules had been impaired.
CognitionA cognitive developmental approach to morality: investigating the psychopath
1,523 Citations1995Rhonda Blair
A causal model is developed showing how the lack of this mechanism would explain the core behavioural symptoms associated with the psychopathic disorder, and a prediction is made that psychopaths should fail to make the moral/conventional distinction.
BrainDissociable neural responses to facial expressions of sadness and anger
1,220 Citations1999James Blair, J S Morris +3 more
Functional neuroimaging results provide evidence for dissociable, but interlocking, systems for the processing of distinct categories of negative facial expression.
NeuropsychopharmacologyDissociable Deficits in the Decision-Making Cognition of Chronic Amphetamine Abusers, Opiate Abusers, Patients with Focal Damage to Prefrontal Cortex, and Tryptophan-Depleted Normal Volunteers Evidence for Monoaminergic Mechanisms
1,116 Citations1999Robert D. Rogers
It is suggested that chronic amphetamine abusers show similar decision-making deficits to those seen after focal damage to orbitofrontal PFC, which may reflect altered neuromodulation of the orbitof prefrontal PFC and interconnected limbic-striatal systems by both the ascending 5-HT and mesocortical dopamine projections.
Archives of General PsychiatryReduced Prefrontal Gray Matter Volume and Reduced Autonomic Activity in Antisocial Personality Disorder
1,034 Citations2000Adrian Raine, Todd Lencz +3 more
These findings provide the first evidence for a structural brain deficit in APD and may underlie the low arousal, poor fear conditioning, lack of conscience, and decision-making deficits that have been found to characterize antisocial, psychopathic behavior.
Clinical Psychology ReviewA meta-analytic review of the relation between antisocial behavior and neuropsychological measures of executive function
1,024 Citations2000Alex B. Morgan, Scott O. Lilienfeld
This study quantifies the relation between ASB and performance on six reasonably well validated measures of EF and resolves conceptual problems regarding the association between ASb and EF tests, including the problem of localizing EF tests to specific brain regions.
Biological PsychiatryLimbic abnormalities in affective processing by criminal psychopaths as revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging
773 Citations2001Kent A. Kiehl, Andra Smith +5 more
PsychophysiologyEmotion and psychopathy: Startling new insights
767 Citations1994Christopher J. Patrick
Evidence is presented to demonstrate that the literature that indicates that criminal psychopaths do not show the expected potentiation of the startle reflex that normally occurs during processing of aversive stimuli such as unpleasant photographs or punishment cues is reviewed.
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & PsychiatryADVANCES IN NEUROPSYCHIATRY: Neurocognitive models of aggression, the antisocial personality disorders, and psychopathy
696 Citations2001James Blair
Journal of Consulting and Clinical PsychologyPsychopathy in instrumental and reactive violent offenders.
559 Citations1996Dewey G. Cornell, Janet I. Warren +3 more
In two studies tested the hypothesis that instrumental offenders would score higher than reactive offenders and nonviolent offenders on R. D. Hare's (1991) Psychopathy Checklist, instrumental offenders could be reliably distinguished from reactive offenders on the basis of violent crime behavior and level of psychopathy.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical PsychologyIneffective parenting and childhood conduct problems: The moderating role of callous-unemotional traits.
469 Citations1997Jane M. Wootton, Paul J. Frick +2 more
Journal of Consulting and Clinical PsychologyRemember that? A comparison of real-time versus retrospective recall of smoking lapses.
381 Citations1997Saul Shiffman, Michael R. Hufford +4 more
In recall, participants overestimated their negative affect and the number of cigarettes they had smoked during the lapse, and their recall was influenced by current smoking status, which suggest caution in the use of recall in research and intervention.
NeuropsychologiaVentral frontal deficits in psychopathy: Neuropsychological test findings
358 Citations1995D. Lapierre, Claude M. J. Braun +1 more
The present investigation carried out in order to test a more specific hypothesis of orbitofrontal and/or frontal ventromedial deficits in psychopathy found that the psychopaths were significantly impulsive on several tests as well as significantly dysosmic [corrected].
Journal of Abnormal Child PsychologySomatic Markers and Response Reversal: Is There Orbitofrontal Cortex Dysfunction in Boys with Psychopathic Tendencies?
309 Citations2001James Blair, Essi Colledge +1 more
The boys with psychopathic tendencies showed impaired performance on the gambling task, but there were no group differences on the ID/ED task either for response reversal or extradimensional set shifting, and the implications for models of psychopathy are discussed.
NatureDefective limbic system in mice lacking the tailless gene
177 Citations1997A. Paula Monaghan, D. Bock +5 more
Mice generated by homologous recombination are used to generate mice that lack a functional tailless protein and enable a molecular approach to be taken towards understanding the genetic architecture and morphogenesis of the forebrain.
Journal of Clinical PsychologyFrontal-lobe dysfunction and antisocial behavior: A review
155 Citations1989Elizabeth Kandel, David Freed
Frontal-lobe dysfunction is discussed in the context of the "minimal brain dysfunction" hypothesis of criminal behavior and its relationship to antisocial behavior.
Current Opinion in PsychiatryPsychopathy and antisocial personality disorder
145 Citations1996Stephen D. Hart, Robert D. Hare
Psychiatry Research NeuroimagingReduced regional cerebral blood flow in non-psychotic violent offenders
130 Citations2000Henrik Söderström, Mats Tullberg +3 more
The aberrations were as frequent and severe among the subjects without MMD, substance abuse, and current medication (n=7) as in the entire group of index subjects.
PsychopharmacologyAdministration of the beta-adrenoceptor blocker propranolol impairs the processing of facial expressions of sadness
73 Citations2001Catherine J. Harmer, David I. Perrett +2 more
Data suggest that noradrenergic processes are not only involved in memory for emotional material but also in the evaluation of sadness from facial expression, suggesting that the recognition of different expressions of emotion depends upon at least partly separable neural processes.