Top Research Papers on Addiction

D dopamine receptors expressed in the brain are decreased, thereby reducing interest in activities not already stamped in by habitual rewards, and most addictive drugs cause elevations in extracellular levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine.

Many have argued that digital technologies such as smartphones and social media are addictive. We develop an economic model of digital addiction and estimate it using a randomized experiment. Temporary incentives to reduce social media use have persistent effects, suggesting social media are habit forming. Allowing people to set limits on their future screen time substantially reduces use, suggesting self-control problems. Additional evidence suggests people are inattentive to habit formation and partially unaware of self-control problems. Looking at these facts through the lens of our model s...

Abstract Addictive drugs are habit-forming. Addiction is a learned behavior; repeated exposure to addictive drugs can stamp in learning. Dopamine-depleted or dopamine-deleted animals have only unlearned reflexes; they lack learned seeking and learned avoidance. Burst-firing of dopamine neurons enables learning—long-term potentiation (LTP)—of search and avoidance responses. It sets the stage for learning that occurs between glutamatergic sensory inputs and GABAergic motor-related outputs of the striatum; this learning establishes the ability to search and avoid. Independent of burst-firing, the...

Recent insights into the behavioral actions of nicotine, and the nAChR subtypes involved, which likely contribute to the development of tobacco dependence in smokers are reviewed.

The intricate bi-directional relationship between COVID-19 and addiction is analyzed, showing surge of addictive behaviors (both new and relapse) including behavioral addiction in this period and people with SUD are at greater risk of worse CO VID-19 outcome.

This Review integrates accounts of the neuropharmacological mechanisms that underlie the transition to compulsion with overarching learning theories, to outline how compulsion develops in addiction, highlighting the conceptual distinctions between compulsive drug-seeking behaviour and compulsivedrug-taking behaviour.

Stigma and the Toll of Addiction Among the challenges in delivering appropriate care to the millions of people in the United States with substance use disorder is the chilling effect of stigma.

Broadly, the existing literature suggests biological and behavioral parallels between food addiction and substance addictions, with ultraprocessed foods high in both added fat and refined carbohydrates being most implicated in addictive-like eating.

Plenary presentationsas well be applied to the symptom oriented classification of gambling disorder (Rehm et al., 2013(Rehm et al., , 2014a(Rehm et al., , 2014b)).To this end, the appropriateness of the application of the concept of "heavy use over time" to gambling under the category of "addictive disorders" will be discussed.The concept of "heavy use" in the context of substance use disorders was found to be more relevant from a public health perspective, better fitted the empirical data, and was argued to reduce stigmatization and help to better and earlier reach those in need for help.

An overview of how sex and gender may influence epidemiology, clinical manifestations, social impact, and the neurobiological basis of these differences of women with SUD is presented, based on human research.

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of different types of social media use on social media addiction and subjective well-being, and the relationship between social media addiction and subjective well-being. Using random sampling, we collected a sample of 370 Chinese college students. According to the scores of social media addiction scale, the respondents were divided into addicted group and non-addicted group. On the basis of literature review, a research model was constructed, which was verified by using the data of total students, addicted students and non-addicted studen...

The conceptual model of these hypothetical interactions between internet addiction, smartphone addiction, gaming internet disorder, and hikikomori-tendencies is proposed to solve these crucial issues for contemporary urban societies.

The risks of the collision of the COVID-19 and addiction epidemics are described, which could put at risk those who have opioid use disorder and methamphetamine use disorder.

Problematic internet use parallels drug addiction, but the mechanisms are not yet clear

This study provides first evidence for distinct structural and functional correlates of behavioral addiction in individuals meeting psychometric criteria for SPA, and investigates gray matter volume and intrinsic neural activity in individuals with SPA.

The highest prevalence was found in the group of participants with eating disorders and weight disorders, which is a topic in which there has been a significant growth in studies.

The evidence is compiled that added sugar, and by proxy the ultraprocessed food category, meets the four criteria set by the public health community as necessary and sufficient for regulation—abuse, toxicity, ubiquity, and externalities.

Overall, clinical studies suggest that smoking is associated to decreased fertility, although causal inference should be further demonstrated, and clinical studies addressing the effect of alcohol consumption on female fertility provide conflicting results.

This systematic review assessed the efficacy of psilocybin in patients with a SUD or non-substance-related disorder with no publication date restrictions and found all four clinical trials indicated a beneficial effect of p silocybin-assisted therapy on SUD symptoms.

The effects of oncogenic driver mutations on the efficacy of ICIs and the immune tumour microenvironment as well as the potential vulnerabilities that could be exploited to overcome the challenges of immunotherapy for oncogene-addicted NSCLC are discussed.