Top Research Papers on Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder has a yearly prevalence of 2%. Other mental and physical conditions occur with bipolar disorder, which is also associated with an increased risk of suicide. Treatment is complex and relies on lithium or intermittent use of antipsychotic drugs.

Evidence is reviewed on the epidemiology, mechanisms, screening, and treatment of bipolar disorders, which shows targeting medical and psychiatric comorbidity, integrating adjunctive psychosocial treatments, and involving caregivers have been shown to improve health outcomes for people with bipolar disorders.

As the understanding of the genetics of BD improves, there is growing optimism that some clear biological pathways will emerge, providing a basis for future studies aimed at molecular diagnosis and novel therapeutics.

This study suggests that outpatients with bipolar disorder may benefit from skills-based psychosocial interventions combined with pharmacotherapy, as suggested in component network meta-analyses.

Life expectancy is reduced by approximately 12 to 14 years in people with bipolar disorder, with a 1.6-fold to 2-fold increase in cardiovascular mortality occurring a mean of 17 years earlier compared with the general population.

An overview of the clinical features, diagnostic subtypes, and major treatment modalities available to treat people with bipolar disorder are provided, highlighting recent advances and ongoing therapeutic challenges.

Understanding clinical and demographic risk factors for suicide in bipolar disorder remains the best way to prevent suicidal behavior.

Findings related to developmental and perinatal factors as well as epidemiological, clinical, neuropsychological, brain imaging, postmortem brain and genomic studies that provide evidence for a putative neurodevelopmental pathogenesis and etiology of BD are summarized.

An updated overview of some of the most prominent pathophysiologic mechanisms in bipolar disorder is presented, from mitochondrial, endoplasmic reticular, and calcium homeostasis, to purinergic, kynurenic, and hormonal/neurotransmitter signaling, showing inflammation to act as a powerful nexus between these systems.

The evidence on efficacy in general, from relapse prevention to acute anti-manic treatment and its role in treating mood episodes with mixed features and bipolar depression and lithium's adverse effects are summarized.

No known research has systematically assessed how BD age‐at‐onset subgroups should be defined, but age at onset (AAO) may be a key variable in delineating more homogeneous subgroups of BD patients.

In the hitherto largest longitudinal MRI study on BD, it is noted that abnormal frontocortical thinning was observed in association with frequent manic episodes, which highlights the importance of mania prevention in BD treatment.

Several analyses implicate specific cell types in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, including GABAergic interneurons and medium spiny neurons, and provide additional insights into the genetic architecture and biological underpinnings of bipolar disorder.

There is a shift in the tryptophan metabolism from serotonin to the kynurenine pathway, across these psychiatric disorders, and a differential pattern exists between mood disorders and SZ, with a preferential metabolism of kynuranine to the potentially neurotoxic quinolinic acid instead of the neuroprotective kynurenic acid in mood disorders but not in SZ.

Initial ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group studies reveal widespread patterns of lower cortical thickness, subcortical volume and disrupted white matter integrity associated with BD, and provide further insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of BD.

The authors' studies in cerebral organoids from bipolar disorder showed dysregulation in genes involved in cell adhesion, immune signaling, and endoplasmic reticulum biology; implicated a central role for the GWAS hit NCAN in the biology of BPI; and showed evidence of deficits in neurotransmission.

It was found that about one in thirteen adults with ADHD was also diagnosed with BD, and nearly one in six adults with BD had ADHD, in a meta-analysis of 71 studies with 646,766 participants from 18 countries.

The association of bipolar disorder with early and excessive cardiovascular disease was identified over a century ago but the vascular‐bipolar link remains underrecognized, particularly with regard to how this link can contribute to the understanding of pathogenesis and treatment.

Mental disorders represent critical public health challenges as they are\nleading contributors to the global burden of disease and intensely influence\nsocial and financial welfare of individuals. The present comprehensive review\nconcentrate on the two mental disorders: Major depressive Disorder (MDD) and\nBipolar Disorder (BD) with noteworthy publications during the last ten years.\nThere is a big need nowadays for phenotypic characterization of psychiatric\ndisorders with biomarkers. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals could offer a\nrich signature for MDD and BD and then they could improv...

This systematic review of the current literature investigating differences in gut microbiota composition in people with the major psychiatric disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ), compared to ‘healthy’ controls provides no strong evidence for a difference in the number or distribution of bacteria in those with a mental disorder compared to controls.