Top Research Papers on Computer Science

The evolution of this field within sociology is reviewed via bibliometric analysis and in-depth analysis of the following subfields where this new work is appearing most rapidly, revealing that sociologists are not only at the center of cutting-edge research that addresses longstanding questions about human behavior but also developing new lines of inquiry about digital spaces.

Data sharing, research ethics, and incentives must improve

In this paper we propose a novel energy efficient approach for the recog- nition of human activities using smartphones as wearable sensing devices, targeting assisted living applications such as remote patient activity monitoring for the disabled and the elderly. The method exploits fixed-point arithmetic to propose a modified multiclass Support Vector Machine (SVM) learning algorithm, allowing to better pre- serve the smartphone battery lifetime with respect to the conventional floating-point based formulation while maintaining comparable system accuracy levels. Experiments show comparative r...

The potential for quantum computing to aid in the merging of insights across different areas of biological sciences is discussed.

The goal of this Perspective is to provide some clarity around how computational social scientists' approaches to prediction and explanation differ from one another and to propose how they might be productively integrated.

The new capabilities within the field of life sciences imaging are reviewed, and how future developments in this field could further benefit the life sciences community is considered.

The infrastructure is agnostic to the specific simulation codes used and can support diverse applications in computational science that transcend its initial materials domain.

Materials Cloud is a platform designed to enable open and seamless sharing of resources for computational science, driven by applications in materials modelling. It hosts (1) archival and dissemination services for raw and curated data, together with their provenance graph, (2) modelling services and virtual machines, (3) tools for data analytics, and pre-/post-processing, and (4) educational materials. Data is citable and archived persistently, providing a comprehensive embodiment of entire simulation pipelines (calculations performed, codes used, data generated) in the form of graphs that al...

Research replication only works if there is confidence built into the results, and the results should be confidence-based.

Debuting as the fifth largest supercomputer in the world, Frontera represents a robust and well-balanced HPC system designed to enable large-scale, productive science on day one of operations.

This work surveys the state of the art in the automated assessment of CS assignments, focusing on the supported types of exercises, security measures adopted, testing techniques used, type of feedback produced, and the information they offer the teacher to understand and optimize learning.

This review considers how research findings on unplugged pedagogies might advance CS/CT education priorities, while highlighting areas of unknown and tension, and proposed 10 research questions that fill key gaps to support efforts that provide just access to quality CS/ CT education.

Inverse theory provides a crucial perspective for addressing the challenges of ill-posedness, uncertainty, nonlinearity and under-sampling in large-scale complex systems.

It is concluded that the performance of today’s LLMs can augment the CSS research pipeline in two ways: serving as zero-shot data annotators on human annotation teams, and bootstrapping challenging creative generation tasks (e.g., explaining the underlying attributes of a text).

An overview of how atomistic computational modeling is being transformed by the incorporation of ML approaches is provided and how common workflows to predict structure, dynamics, and spectroscopy are affected by ML is assessed.

This review intends to present significant developments that have been made in CVS applications in animal and veterinary sciences and to highlight areas in which further research is still needed before full deployment of CVS in breeding programs and commercial farms.

Perovskite materials play a backbone role in materials science to investigate various applications including photocatalytic, photovoltaic, and hydrogen storage. Hydrogen storage is a modern technique to fulfill energy consumption and demands. We inspect the structural, hydrogen, electronic, optical, and thermodynamic properties of X2CaCdH6 (X = Rb and Cs) perovskite substances for hydrogen (H2) storage applications. The research shows substances have 225 Fm3m cubic natures and 40 atoms. The formation and cohesive energies of the examined structures show that X2CaCdH6 (X = Rb and Cs) substances...

This article explains how to teach rapidly and successfully CS students about "fit," a Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) concept, and provides extensive step-by-step directions for planning, setting up, and presenting the exercise.

Psychology endeavors to develop theories of human capacities and behaviors based on a variety of methodologies and dependent measures. We argue that one of the most divisive factors in our field is whether researchers choose to employ computational modeling of theories (over and above data) during the scientific inference process. Modeling is undervalued, yet holds promise for advancing psychological science. The inherent demands of computational modeling guide us towards better science by forcing us to conceptually analyze, specify, and formalise intuitions which otherwise remain unexamined —...

This work argues that one of the most divisive factors in psychological science is whether researchers choose to use computational modeling of theories over and above data during the scientific-inference process, and presents scientific inference in psychology as a path function in which each step shapes the next.

By which 'critical' means an intellectual stance of skepticism, centering the consequences, limitations, and unjust impacts of computing in society.

It is contended that CTAM development has prioritized technological over validity concerns, giving limited attention to the operationalization of social scientific measurements, and a mismatch between CTAMs’ focus on extracting specific contents and document-level patterns, and social science researchers’ need for measuring multiple, often complex contents in the text.

How AI tools have augmented teaching and learning in CS50, specifically in explaining code snippets, improving code style, and accurately responding to curricular and administrative queries on the course's discussion forum is detailed.

How those teaching computer science in various UK settings show significantly more positive attitudes towards the move to online learning, teaching and assessment than those working in other disciplines is reported, which is consistent across schools, colleges and higher education institutions.

This study shows that ChatGPT can be helpful in learning/teaching activities, but better guidelines should be provided for the students in using the tool.

ABSTRACT The quasi-two-dimensional kagome materials AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) were found to be a prime example of kagome superconductors, a new quantum platform to investigate the interplay between electron correlation effects, topology and geometric frustration. In this review, we report recent progress on the experimental and theoretical studies of AV3Sb5 and provide a broad picture of this fast-developing field in order to stimulate an expanded search for unconventional kagome superconductors. We review the electronic properties of AV3Sb5, the experimental measurements of the charge density wa...

Stereotypes that girls are less interested than boys in computer science and engineering emerge early and may contribute to gender disparities in these fields.

It is proposed that technological solutions and digital tools available today and in the future will help advance the theory underlying the cognitive, metacognitive, emotional, and social components of individual, peer, and group learning when seen through a multidisciplinary lens.

The results support the positive impact that AI and computational sciences have on student performance, finding a rise in their attitude towards learning and their motivation, especially in the STEM areas.

CVS symptoms were significantly higher among female students, those who observe glare on screens, and those who wear eyeglasses, however, long duration of device use was not significantly associated with increased CVS symptoms.

To familiarize wood scientists with the artificial intelligence-assisted wood anatomy and engineering methods, this review could help researchers understand computer vision and machine learning techniques for wood identification and choose appropriate techniques or strategies for their study objectives in wood science.

The results suggest that the majority of past efforts were focused on object recognition, object tracking, and action recognition, with limited research focused on recognizing unsafe behavior.

In a controlled pilot study with novice high-school programmers, it is shown that the AIF system significantly increased students' intentions to persist in CS, and that students using AIF had greater engagement compared to students in the control condition.

This is the first comprehensive overview of the 'science of science,' an emerging interdisciplinary field that relies on big data to unveil the reproducible patterns that govern individual scientific careers and the workings of science. It explores the roots of scientific impact, the role of productivity and creativity, when and what kind of collaborations are effective, the impact of failure and success in a scientific career, and what metrics can tell us about the fundamental workings of science. The book relies on data to draw actionable insights, which can be applied by individuals to furt...

A review of recent works published in the latter field and the state the art are summarized in a comprehensive and self-contained way to provide a baseline framework for the international community in artificial intelligence.

A unified AI-framework named HiDeNN-AI is proposed to solve challenging computational science and engineering problems with little or no available physics as well as with extreme computational demand to show the flexibility of the framework for diverse problems from disparate fields.

An overview of current research on XAI in Finance is provided with a systematic literature review screening 2,022 articles from leading Finance, Information Systems, and Computer Science outlets, and classify them according to the used XAI methods and goals that they aim to achieve.

The chapter gives an account of both opportunities and challenges of human–machine collaboration in citizen science. In the age of big data, scientists are facing the overwhelming task of analysing massive amounts of data, and machine learning techniques are becoming a possible solution. Human and artificial intelligence can be recombined in citizen science in numerous ways. For example, citizen scientists can be involved in training machine learning algorithms in such a way that they perform certain tasks such as image recognition. To illustrate the possible applications in different areas, w...

A decrease in adenoma misses rate and SSL miss rate and an increase in first-pass APC with the use of a CADe-system when compared to HDWL colonoscopy is demonstrated.

Formalizing idiographic theories is promising in bridging the gap between complexity science and clinical practice and can help foster more rigorous scientific practices in psychotherapy, through enhancing theory development.