Top Research Papers on Genetics

It is demonstrated that no simple general relationship exists between neutral genetic diversity and the risk of species extinction, and a better understanding of the properties of functional genetic diversity, demographic history, and ecological relationships is necessary for developing and implementing effective conservation genetic strategies.

The role of functional (impacting tumour phenotype) and non-functional intra-tumour heterogeneity (ITH) in cancer evolution is discussed, highlighting the importance of considering genetic andnon-genetic factors and their impact on patient outcomes.

1. Genetics and Ecotoxicology - Insights from the Interface Valery Forbes 2. The Evolution of Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants: Adpatations, Limits, and Costs A. Johnathan Forbes 3. Mercury Tolerance, Population Effects, and Population Genetics in the Mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus Judith Weis, Nicolay Mugue, Peddrick Weis 4. Chemical-Induced Changes in the Genetic Structure of Populations - Effects on Allozymes Robert Gillespie and Sheldon Guttman 5. Adaptation to Metals in the Midge, Chironomus riparius - a Case Study in the River Dommel Jaap Postma and Dick Groenendijk 6. The Influence of ...

This review summarises recent progress in elucidating the genetic basis of psoriasis, particularly through large genome-wide association studies, and illustrates the power of genetic analyses for disease stratification.

Here, it is synthesized how considering the effects of these adaptive loci in the context of cellular environments, genomes, organisms, and populations has provided new insights to the genetic architecture of adaptation.

Interestingly, approximately 37% of candidate genes are shared in human male and female gonadal failure, implying that genetic counselling should be extended also to female family members of NOA patients, and of potential clinical relevance for future gene panel-based screening.

The progress in the field of epilepsy genetics is reviewed and molecular discoveries in the most important epilepsy groups are highlighted, including those that have been long considered to have a nongenetic cause.

Evaluation of whether the specific type of genetic predisposition to hypertriglyceridemia affects medical decisions or long-term outcomes and searching for other genetic contributors, including the role of genome-wide polygenic scores, novel genes, non-linear gene-gene or gene-environment interactions, and non-genomic mechanisms including epigenetics and mitochondrial DNA are considered.

Osteoarthritis genetics has been transformed in the past decade through the application of large-scale genome-wide association scans, revealing fascinating fundamental insights into osteoarth arthritis and can expose options for translational intervention.

There is still a gap between genetics services needed and workforce capacity and a concerted effort is required to increase the number of clinical geneticists and enhance interdisciplinary teamwork to meet increasing patient needs.

It is argued that understanding mechanisms leading to species decline and community impact is a key to successful implementation of these strategies and advocated an approach where short‐ and long‐term strategies are integrated into a decision framework that also considers nongenetic aspects of management.

The conclusion is that there are many advantages to using these techniques and lots of potential interactions to other evolutionary algorithms; as well, the reader can find this article useful for practical research, graduate teaching, and as a pedagogical guide to this exciting domain.

The latest efforts and advances in identifying and decoding asthma susceptibility are focused on epigenetics, heritable characteristics that affect gene expression without altering DNA sequence, with DNA methylation being the most described mechanism.

When histone proteins in nucleosomes are modified, the cell’s DNA replication and transcription machinery can either more easily or less easily access the DNA, thus changing gene expression patterns.

This review identifies the most significant genetic variants associated with RA susceptibility to date, with particular focus on the contribution of the HLA class II genes across different ethnic groups.

As the understanding of the genetics of BD improves, there is growing optimism that some clear biological pathways will emerge, providing a basis for future studies aimed at molecular diagnosis and novel therapeutics.

There is a strong protective effect for the risk of autoantibody-positive RA associated with HLA-DRB1*13 alleles, and understanding of the specific mechanisms in the development of increased risk of RA for these variations is work in progress.

The ability to reprogramme cellular translation and genomes to produce non-canonical biopolymers has wide-ranging applications, including in therapeutics, but has yet to be fully realized.

Some of the key findings that are shaping current understanding of autism and what these discoveries mean for clinicians are considered.

Progress to date including dissection of heritability, discovery of vitiligo susceptibility loci through candidate gene, genomewide linkage, andgenomewide association studies, relationships to other autoimmune diseases, polygenic architecture of vitILigo risk, vitiliga triggering, and disease onset are summarized and suggestions for future directions are provided.